某车型后防撞梁热冲压工艺研究
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摘要
目的研究复杂热成形零件——后防撞梁的热冲压成形工艺。方法通过计算机成形仿真分析防撞梁的成形性,并获得零件的减薄率分布;利用根据仿真过程设计的热成形模具进行防撞梁零件热冲压生产,对实际成形后的零件割样进行性能检测,包括拉伸性能测试、金相组织测试和硬度测试,验证零件的性能。结果利用该工艺生产的零件尺寸稳定且性能良好,最大减薄率为14.9%,最大增厚9.7%;断后伸长率≥5%,镀层厚度为30～50μm,芯部组织为完全马氏体,硬度大于HV400。结论仿真技术能够指导热冲压工艺设计和模具设计,为复杂零件的热冲压工艺及模具设计提供参考。
The paper aims to investigate the forming process of complicated hot stamping parts such as rear bumper. The forming property was analyzed by computer forming simulation. The thinning distribution was obtained. With the hot stamping die designed by referring forming simulation, the rear bumper was produced. Then, tensile samples, metallographic samples and hardness samples were cut from the formed part. Corresponding tests including tensile test, metallographic test and hardness test were carried out. The results show that with the process provided by this paper, the hot stamped parts with dimensional stability and good performance were obtained. The maximum thinning and thickening value were 14.9% and 9.7% respectively. The fracture elongation was ≥ 5%. The coating thickness was 30～50 μm. The inside microstructure was full of martensite. The hardness value was above HV400. The simulation technique could guide the design of hot stamping process and die and provide reference for both process and die design of complicated hot stamping parts.
The paper aims to investigate the forming process of complicated hot stamping parts such as rear bumper. The forming property was analyzed by computer forming simulation. The thinning distribution was obtained. With the hot stamping die designed by referring forming simulation, the rear bumper was produced. Then, tensile samples, metallographic samples and hardness samples were cut from the formed part. Corresponding tests including tensile test, metallographic test and hardness test were carried out. The results show that with the process provided by this paper, the hot stamped parts with dimensional stability and good performance were obtained. The maximum thinning and thickening value were 14.9% and 9.7% respectively. The fracture elongation was ≥ 5%. The coating thickness was 30～50 μm. The inside microstructure was full of martensite. The hardness value was above HV400. The simulation technique could guide the design of hot stamping process and die and provide reference for both process and die design of complicated hot stamping parts.
引文
[1]马鸣图,易红亮.高强度钢在汽车制造中的应用[J].热处理,2011,26(6):9-19.MA Ming-tu,YI Hong-liang.Application of High Strength Steel to Manufacturing Auto[J].Heat Treatment,2011,26(6):9-19.
[2]GB 11551-2003,乘用车正面碰撞的乘员保护[S].GB 11551-2003,The Protection of the Occupants in the Event of a Frontal Collision for Passenger Car[S].
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[4]郭怡晖,马鸣图,张宜生,等.汽车前防撞梁的热冲压成形数值模拟与试验[J].锻压技术,2013,38(3):46-50.GUO Yi-hui,MA Ming-tu,ZHANG Yi-sheng,et al.Numerical Simulation and Experiment of Hot Stamping for Front Bumper of Automobile[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2013,38(3):46-50.
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[7]薛松,周杰.前保险杠加强板回弹分析及工艺控制[J].热加工工艺,2011,40(3):76-78.XUE Song,ZHOU Jie.Springback and Process Control of Front Bumper Reinforced Board[J].Hot Working Technology,2011,40(3):76-78.
[8]ZHOU J,WANG B Y,LIN J G,et al.Optimization for an Aluminum Alloy Anti-collision Side Beam Hot Stamping Process Using a Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm[J].Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering,2013:401-411.
[9]邵瑞影,逯振国,钟佩思.汽车前保险杠防撞梁拉深成形过程仿真分析[J].锻压技术,2014,39(6):41-44.SHAO Rui-ying,LU Zhen-guo,ZHONG Pei-si.Simulation of Drawing Process of Anti-collision Beam for Vehicle Front Bumper[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2014,39(6):41-44.
[10]LIU R F,MA N S.Development of Press-hardening Simulation System for Ultra-high Strength Steel Parts[C]//Proceedings of the 3th International Conference(ICHSU2016),2016:281-285.
[11]LIU H S,ZHOU G T,JIANG K Y.A New Method in Cracking Prediction in Hot Stamping of High Strength Steel[C]//Proceedings of the 3th International Conference(ICHSU 2016),2016:266-269.
[12]HU Y,ZHENG Y,YANG X,et al.FE Simulation of Aluminum Galling Induced Forming Tool Failures under Multi-cycle Loading Conditions:Feasible Study[C]//Proceedings of the 4th International Conference(ICHSU 2018),2018:199-203.
[13]LI X,CHEN Z Z,LIU H.Investigation for a Hot-stamped B-pillar of a SUV Based on Dynaform[C]//Proceedings of the 4th International Conference(ICHSU 2018),2018:229-234.
[14]QB/J SSDT 00000000-2018-05,热成形工艺标准[S].QB/J SSDT 00000000-2018-05,Standard of Hot Stamping Process[S].
[2]GB 11551-2003,乘用车正面碰撞的乘员保护[S].GB 11551-2003,The Protection of the Occupants in the Event of a Frontal Collision for Passenger Car[S].
[3]HOFFMANN H,SO H,STEINBEISS H.Design of Hot Stamping Tools with Cooling System[J].Annals of the CIRP,2007,56(1):269-272.
[4]郭怡晖,马鸣图,张宜生,等.汽车前防撞梁的热冲压成形数值模拟与试验[J].锻压技术,2013,38(3):46-50.GUO Yi-hui,MA Ming-tu,ZHANG Yi-sheng,et al.Numerical Simulation and Experiment of Hot Stamping for Front Bumper of Automobile[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2013,38(3):46-50.
[5]汪祥支,苏超,周锐,等.汽车保险杠拉深成形数值分析与工艺优化[J].锻压技术,2008,33(1):45-46.WANG Xiang-zhi,SU Chao,ZHOU Rui,et al.Numerical Value Analysis and Process Optimization of Auto-bumper Deep Drawing Process[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2008,33(1):45-46.
[6]许建民,易际明,赵军.基于数值模拟的高强度保险杠支架成形工艺分析[J].热加工工艺,2011,40(21):77-79.XU Jian-min,Yi Ji-ming,ZHAO Jun.Analysis on Forming Process of High Strength Steel Bumper Bracket Based on Numerical Simulation[J].Hot Working Technology,2011,40(21):77-79.
[7]薛松,周杰.前保险杠加强板回弹分析及工艺控制[J].热加工工艺,2011,40(3):76-78.XUE Song,ZHOU Jie.Springback and Process Control of Front Bumper Reinforced Board[J].Hot Working Technology,2011,40(3):76-78.
[8]ZHOU J,WANG B Y,LIN J G,et al.Optimization for an Aluminum Alloy Anti-collision Side Beam Hot Stamping Process Using a Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm[J].Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering,2013:401-411.
[9]邵瑞影,逯振国,钟佩思.汽车前保险杠防撞梁拉深成形过程仿真分析[J].锻压技术,2014,39(6):41-44.SHAO Rui-ying,LU Zhen-guo,ZHONG Pei-si.Simulation of Drawing Process of Anti-collision Beam for Vehicle Front Bumper[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2014,39(6):41-44.
[10]LIU R F,MA N S.Development of Press-hardening Simulation System for Ultra-high Strength Steel Parts[C]//Proceedings of the 3th International Conference(ICHSU2016),2016:281-285.
[11]LIU H S,ZHOU G T,JIANG K Y.A New Method in Cracking Prediction in Hot Stamping of High Strength Steel[C]//Proceedings of the 3th International Conference(ICHSU 2016),2016:266-269.
[12]HU Y,ZHENG Y,YANG X,et al.FE Simulation of Aluminum Galling Induced Forming Tool Failures under Multi-cycle Loading Conditions:Feasible Study[C]//Proceedings of the 4th International Conference(ICHSU 2018),2018:199-203.
[13]LI X,CHEN Z Z,LIU H.Investigation for a Hot-stamped B-pillar of a SUV Based on Dynaform[C]//Proceedings of the 4th International Conference(ICHSU 2018),2018:229-234.
[14]QB/J SSDT 00000000-2018-05,热成形工艺标准[S].QB/J SSDT 00000000-2018-05,Standard of Hot Stamping Process[S].