SMILE卫星低能离子分析仪的设计与仿真
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摘要
针对SMILE卫星的大通量动态范围、大视场范围(FOV)、高分辨率等离子体探测需求,以带顶盖半球形静电分析器为基础设计了低能离子分析仪(LIA)。仪器利用顶盖电压控制方式实现可变几何因子,通过高聚焦特性离子光学系统和视场偏转系统设计实现高分辨和大视场探测。利用SIMION有限元仿真软件对仪器的性能参数和几何因子变化规律进行研究,并优化了离子光学系统设计。通过仿真可以获得仪器的主要技术指标参数:能量范围0.05 keV~20 keV,能量分辨率0.0791,方位角视场360°,俯仰角视场范围可达±45°。
The light ion analyzer( LIA) is designed based on a top-cap electrostatic analyzer for large-dynamic-fluxrange,wide-field-of-view( FOV) and high-resolution plasma detection. As a payload onboard the solar wind magnetosphere ionosphere link explorer( SMILE) satellite,LIA uses the top-cap voltage to realize the variable geometric factor. The high resolution and wide FOV are obtained with the highly focused ion optical system and FOV deflector system. The geometric factor response law with a variety of top-cap voltage is summarized from the SIMION simulation with the ion optical system optimized. Space low energy ions ranging from 0. 05 keV to 20 keV can be detected with an energy resolution of 0. 0791.The azimuth and elevation ranges are 360° and ± 45° respectively.
The light ion analyzer( LIA) is designed based on a top-cap electrostatic analyzer for large-dynamic-fluxrange,wide-field-of-view( FOV) and high-resolution plasma detection. As a payload onboard the solar wind magnetosphere ionosphere link explorer( SMILE) satellite,LIA uses the top-cap voltage to realize the variable geometric factor. The high resolution and wide FOV are obtained with the highly focused ion optical system and FOV deflector system. The geometric factor response law with a variety of top-cap voltage is summarized from the SIMION simulation with the ion optical system optimized. Space low energy ions ranging from 0. 05 keV to 20 keV can be detected with an energy resolution of 0. 0791.The azimuth and elevation ranges are 360° and ± 45° respectively.
引文
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[2]王柏懿,徐燕侯,吴清松,等.航天飞行器与空间等离子体环境的相互作用[J].宇航学报,1990(3):10-15.[Wang Bai-yi,Xu Yan-hou,Wu Qing-song,et al.Interactions between spacecraft and space plasma environment[J].Journal of Astronautics,1990(3):10-15.]
[3]Hovestadt D,Hilchenbach M,Bürgi A,et al.CELIAS-charge,element and isotope analysis system for SOHO[J].Solar Physics,1995,162(1):441-481.
[4]Mobius E,Gloeckler G,Hovestadt D,et al.The time-of flight spectrometer SULEICA for ions of the energy range 5-270 ke V/charge on AMPTE IRM[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience&Remote Sensing,2007,GE-23(3):274-279.
[5]Johnstone A D,Coates A J,Wilken B,et al.The Giotto threedimensional positive ion analyser[J].Journal of Physics E Scientific Instruments,1987,20(6):795.
[6]Rème H,Cotin F,Cros A,et al.The Giotto electron plasma experiment[J].Journal of Physics E Scientific Instruments,1987,20(6):721-731.
[7]张爱兵,孔令高,王世金,等.萤火一号火星探测器电子分析器设计和试验[J].上海航天,2013,30(4):187-191.[Zhang Ai-bing,Kong Ling-gao,Wang Shi-jin,et al.Design and test of electron analyzer onboard YH-1 Mars probe[J].Aerospace Shanghai,2013,30(4):187-191.]
[8]Fraser G W,Pain M T,Lees J E,et al.The operation of microchannel plates at high count rates[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research,1991,306(1-2):247-260.
[9]Escoubet C P,Schmidt R,Goldstein M L.Cluster-science and mission overview[J].Space Science Reviews,1997,79(1-2):11-32.
[10]Saito Y,Yokota S,Asamura K,et al.Low-energy charged particle measurement by MAP-PACE onboard SELENE[J].Earth Planets&Space,2008,60(4):375-385.
[11]Rème H,Aoustin C,Bosqued J M,et al.First multispacecraft ion measurements in and near the Earth’s magnetosphere with the identical cluster ion spectrometry(CIS)experiment[J].Annales Geophysicae,2001,19(10-12):1303-1354.
[12]Galvin A B,Kistler L M,Popecki M A,et al.The plasma and suprathermal ion composition(PLASTIC)investigation on the STEREO observatories[J].Space Science Reviews,2008,136(1):437-486.
[13]Baumjohann W,Treumann R A.Basic space plasma physics[M].London:Imperial College Press,1996.
[14]Carter J A,Sembay S,Read A M.A high charge state coronal mass ejection seen through solar wind charge exchange emission as detected by XMM-Newton[J].Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society,2010,402(2):867-878.
[15]Collinson G A,Kataria D O.On variable geometric factor systems for top-hat electrostatic space plasma analyzers[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2010,21(10):1-16.
[16]Koehn P L.The development and testing of the fast imaging plasma spectrometer and its application in the plasma environment at Mercury[D].Ann Arbor:The University of Michigan,2002.
[17]Chase L M.The geometrical factor of large aperture hemispherical electrostatic analyzers[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1973,44(8):998-1002.
[18]Sablik M J,Golimowski D,Sharber J R,et al.Computer simulation of a 360°field-of-view top hat electrostatic analyzer[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1988,59(1):146-155.
[19]Pfaff R F,Borovsky J E,Young D T.Measurement techniques in space plasmas:particles[M].Washigton,D.C.:American Geophysical Union,2013:125-140.
[20]Carlson C W,Curtis D W,Paschmann G,et al.An instrument for rapidly measuring plasma distribution functions with high resolution[J].Advances in Space Research,1982,2(7):67-70.
[21]Young D T,Bame S J,Thomsen M F,et al.2πradian field-ofview toroidal electrostatic analyzer[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,1988,59(5):743-751.
[22]Victor A L,Zurbuchen T H,Gallimore A D.Top hat electrostatic analyzer for far-field electric propulsion plume diagnostics[J].Review of Scientific Instruments,2006,77(1):013505-1-013505-7.