固体氧化物燃料电池的纳米阳极
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摘要
固体氧化物燃料电池技术的商业化进程需要发展在中低温操作时具有优良输出性能以及良好抗积炭与抗硫中毒能力的新型阳极材料,这主要通过对传统的镍基阳极进行修饰以及探索新型的金属或陶瓷材料来实现。研究发现,离子浸渍法是一种能够有效地对传统镍基阳极进行改性以及向多孔骨架中浸入新型阳极物种的手段。由于热处理的温度不高,所以浸渍粒子的尺寸通常控制在纳米量级,从而表现出卓越的电化学性能。本文结合本实验室的诸多研究成果以及文献中的一些经典报道,对这种纳米阳极的优越性和应用价值进行详细论述。
The commercialization of solid oxide fuel cell( SOFC) technologies requires the development of novel anode materials with high performance and good carbon and sulfur tolerance at intermediate-temperatures,either by modifying the state-of-the-art Ni based anodes,or through exploring alternative metal cermet or ceramic based materials. Wet impregnation is an effective approach for the optimization of traditional Ni-based anode and the incorporation of novel anode species into porous backbones. Due to the lower treatment temperature,the impregnated particles are usually nano-sized,thus exhibiting superior electrochemical performance. In this paper,the superiority and application of these nano-structured anodes are discussed in details,based on the obtained results in our laboratory,as well as some reports in the literatures.
The commercialization of solid oxide fuel cell( SOFC) technologies requires the development of novel anode materials with high performance and good carbon and sulfur tolerance at intermediate-temperatures,either by modifying the state-of-the-art Ni based anodes,or through exploring alternative metal cermet or ceramic based materials. Wet impregnation is an effective approach for the optimization of traditional Ni-based anode and the incorporation of novel anode species into porous backbones. Due to the lower treatment temperature,the impregnated particles are usually nano-sized,thus exhibiting superior electrochemical performance. In this paper,the superiority and application of these nano-structured anodes are discussed in details,based on the obtained results in our laboratory,as well as some reports in the literatures.
引文
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[3]Simwonis D,Tietz F,Stover D.Solid State Ionics,2000,132(3/4):241—251
[4]Gorte R J,Vohs J M.Journal of Catalysis,2003,216(1/2):477—486
[5]Jiang S P.Materials Science and Engineering a-Structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing,2006,418(1/2):199—210
[6]Zhu W,Ding D,Xia C.Electrochemical and Solid State Letters,2008,11(6):B83—B86
[7]Ding D,Zhu W,Gao J,Xia C.Journal of Power Sources,2008,179(1):177—185
[8]Jiang S P,Duan Y Y,Love J G.Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2002,149(9):A1175—A1183
[9]Setoguchi T,Okamoto K,Eguchi K,Arai H.Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1992,139(10):2875—2880
[10]Timurkutluk B,Timurkutluk C,Mat M D,Kaplan Y.International Journal of Energy Research,2011,35(12):1048—1055
[11]Liu Z,Ding D,Liu B,Guo W,Wang W,Xia C.Journal of Power Sources,2011,196(20):8561—8567
[12]Trovarelli A.Catalysis Reviews-Science and Engineering,1996,38(4):439—520
[13]McIntosh S,Vohs J M,Gorte R J.Electrochimica Acta,2002,47(22/23):3815—3821
[14]Armor J N.Applied Catalysis a-General,1999,176(2):159—176
[15]Zhu W,Xia C,Fan J,Peng R,Meng G.Journal of Power Sources,2006,160(2):897—902
[16]Ding D,Liu Z,Li L,Xia C.Electrochemistry Communications,2008,10(9):1295—1298
[17]Liu B B,Liu Z B.Wang S,Xia C R.Xie M F,Chen Z J.Li Y Y.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2012,37(10):8354—8359
[18]Yoon S,Kim Y,Kim S,Bae J.Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry,2010,14(10):1793—1800
[19]Yoon S,Kang I,Bae J.Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2008,33(18):4780—4788
[20]Rostrup-Nielsen J R,Christensen T S,Dybkjaer I.reforming of liquid hydrocarbons.in Recent Advances in Basic and Applied Aspects of Industriaql Catalysis.London:Elsevier Science,1998:81—95
[21]Chen Y,Chen F,Wang W,Ding D,Gao J.Journal of Power Sources,2011,196(11):4987—4991
[22]Lu C,Worrel W L,Wang C,Park S,Kim S,Vohs J M,Gorte R J.Solid State Ionics,2002,152:393—397
[23]McIntosh S,Gorte R J.Chemical Reviews,2004,104(10):4845—4865
[24]Lee S I,Vohs J M,Gorte R J.Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2004,151(9):A1319—A1323
[25]Sfeir J,Buffat P A,Mckli P,Xanthopoulus N,Vasquez R,Mathieu H J,Van Herle J,Thampi K R.Journal of Catalysis,2001,202(2):229—244
[26]Jiang S P,Ye Y,He T,Ho S B.Journal of Power Sources,2008,185(1):179—182
[27]Zhu X,LüZ,Wei B,Zhang Y,Huang X,Su W.Electrochemical and Solid State Letters,2010,13(8):B91—B94
[28]Kurokawa H,Sholklapper T Z,Jacobson C P,De Jonghe L C,Visco S J.Electrochemical and Solid State Letters,2007,10(9):B135—B138
[29]Yun J W,Yoon S P,Park S,Kim H S,Nam S W.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2011,36(1):787—796
[30]Chen Y,Bunch J,Jin C,Yang C,Chen F.Journal of Power Sources,2012,204:40—45
[31]Aoshima A,Wise H.Journal of Catalysis,1974,34(1):145—151
[32]Chivers T,Hyne J B,Lau C.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,1980,5(5):499—506
[33]Niemann W,Clausen B S,Topsoe H.Catalysis Letters,1990,4(4/6):355—363
[34]He H P,Gorte R J,Vohs J M.Electrochemical and Solid State Letters,2005,8(6):A279—A280
[35]Simner S P,Bonnett J F,Canfield N L,Meinhardt K D,Shelton J P,Sprenkle V L,Stevenson J W.Journal of Power Sources,2003,113(1):1—10
[36]Uchida H,Suzuki S,Watanabe M.Electrochemical and Solid State Letters,2003,6(9):A174—A177