基于离散元的倾斜薄矿体开采对上部隔水层稳定性的影响
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摘要
本文以某铅锌矿倾斜薄矿体开采对上部隔水层的稳定性为研究对象,在现场调研和室内岩石力学实验的基础上,采用离散单元法2D-block,在完全空场和预留矿柱两种情况下对上部隔水层的稳定性进行了探讨。结果表明:在完全空场条件下,矿体开采至300m时上盘围岩最大垮落范围约为74m,顶板破坏范围已超过隔水层14m,会影响到隔水层的稳定性;当预留6m顶底柱、3m点柱情况下,回采至300m水平后不会影响到隔水层的稳定性。表明开采过程中预留顶底柱和点柱对于抑制顶板冒落和保护隔水层的稳定性非常重要。研究成果为矿区隔水层的保护提供理论依据。
In this paper,the stability of the upper water barrier in the mining of inclined thin ore body in a leadzinc mine was studied.On the basis of field investigation and rock mechanics test in laboratory,the stability of the upper water barrierwas discussed under the conditions of complete open space and reserved pillar by using the discrete element method of 2 D-block.The results indicated that the maximum collapse range of the upper wall rockwas about 74 m when the ore body was mined to 300 munder the condition of complete open space,and the failure range of the roof had exceeded the water barrier layer by 14 m,which would affect the stability of the water barrier layer;When the 6 mtop and bottom pillars and 3 m point pillars were reserved,the stability of the waterproof layer would not be affected when the mining reached 300 m.The results showed that it was very important to reserve the pillars in the mining process to restrain the roof caving and protect the stability of the waterproof layer.The research results provide theoretical basis for protecting the waterproof layer of mining area.
In this paper,the stability of the upper water barrier in the mining of inclined thin ore body in a leadzinc mine was studied.On the basis of field investigation and rock mechanics test in laboratory,the stability of the upper water barrierwas discussed under the conditions of complete open space and reserved pillar by using the discrete element method of 2 D-block.The results indicated that the maximum collapse range of the upper wall rockwas about 74 m when the ore body was mined to 300 munder the condition of complete open space,and the failure range of the roof had exceeded the water barrier layer by 14 m,which would affect the stability of the water barrier layer;When the 6 mtop and bottom pillars and 3 m point pillars were reserved,the stability of the waterproof layer would not be affected when the mining reached 300 m.The results showed that it was very important to reserve the pillars in the mining process to restrain the roof caving and protect the stability of the waterproof layer.The research results provide theoretical basis for protecting the waterproof layer of mining area.
引文
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[2]何满潮,谢和平,彭苏萍.深部开采岩体力学研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(16):2803-2813.
[3]古德生.金属矿山深部开采中的科学问题[C]//香山科学会议.科学前沿与未来(第六集).北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:192-201.
[4]郭延辉,侯克鹏,孙华芬,等.地下金属矿山深部开采引起地表移动变形规律研究[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2011,63(5):36-45.
[5]郭延辉,侯克鹏,杨泽,等.深部开采模拟中岩体力学参数的取值研究[J].矿冶,2011,20(3):7-12.
[6]张成良,侯克鹏,李克钢.开采引起上覆公路地表沉降与变形的数值分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(增刊):635-639.
[7]黄润秋.工程地质学中的数值模拟与拟合[J].水文地质工程学报,1991,18(5):7-10.
[8]周先贵,曹金国.岩土力学数值方法研究进展[J].建筑技术开发,2002(8):15-18.