基于CFD的汽车空气调节系统离心风机流场与气动噪声数值模拟
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摘要
基于CFD分析软件Star CCM+,结合计算气动声学理论,对某汽车空气调节系统(HVAC)离心风机工作过程的流场和气动噪声进行数值模拟分析.采用Reynolds平均数值模拟(RANS)标准k-ε湍流模型模拟稳态流场,利用大涡模拟(LES)湍流模型和FW-H方程分析瞬态气动噪声,通过监测离心风机内部和外部布置点测得压力脉动,并由傅里叶变换得到监测点声压级频谱.结果表明,离心风机主要噪声是叶轮旋转产生的离散噪声(达98 d B),可适当增加叶片数,调整叶片间距,以减小离散噪声.本方法可为其他类型风机的气动噪声数值模拟提供一种有效的分析手段.
Based on the CFD analysis software Star CCM + combined with computational aeroacoustics theory,the flow field and aerodynamic noise of a car heating,ventilation and air conditioning( HVAC) centrifugal fan were numerically simulated. The Reynolds average numerical simulation( RANS) standard k-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the steady-state flow field; the large-eddy simulation( LES) turbulence model and the FW-H equation were used to analyze the transient aerodynamic noise by monitoring the internal and external layout points of the centrifugal fan. The pressure pulsation was measured,and the spectrum of the sound pressure level at the monitoring point was obtained by Fourier transform. The main noise of the centrifugal fan under this operating condition was the discrete noise generated by the rotation of the impeller which was98 d B. More blades can be added and blading pitch can be adjusted to decrease the noise. This method can provide an effective analysis method for numerical simulation of aerodynamic noise of other types of fans.
Based on the CFD analysis software Star CCM + combined with computational aeroacoustics theory,the flow field and aerodynamic noise of a car heating,ventilation and air conditioning( HVAC) centrifugal fan were numerically simulated. The Reynolds average numerical simulation( RANS) standard k-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the steady-state flow field; the large-eddy simulation( LES) turbulence model and the FW-H equation were used to analyze the transient aerodynamic noise by monitoring the internal and external layout points of the centrifugal fan. The pressure pulsation was measured,and the spectrum of the sound pressure level at the monitoring point was obtained by Fourier transform. The main noise of the centrifugal fan under this operating condition was the discrete noise generated by the rotation of the impeller which was98 d B. More blades can be added and blading pitch can be adjusted to decrease the noise. This method can provide an effective analysis method for numerical simulation of aerodynamic noise of other types of fans.
引文
[1]康强,左曙光,韩惠君.汽车空调系统离心风机气动噪声数值计算[J].江苏大学学报(自然科学版),2013,34(1):1.
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[13]毛义军,祁大同,徐长棱,等.叶片与蜗舌耦合对离心风机性能和旋转噪声影响的数值研究[J].应用力学学报,2006,23(3):368.
[2]刘秋洪,祁大同,曹淑珍,等.离心风机气动声学分析的一个理论模型和计算方法[J].西安交通大学学报,2004,38(3):313.
[3]FEHSE K R,NEISE W.Generation mechanisms of low-frequency centrifugal fan noise[J].AIAA Journal,1999,37(10):1173.
[4]苏强,陈花玲.前向式多叶片离心通风机噪声机理及治理研究[J].噪声与振动控制,1995(4):6.
[5]赵忖,祁大同,毛义军,等.离心风机气动噪声控制的理论与实验研究[J].风机技术,2013(6):24.
[6]李启良,钟立元,王毅刚,等.汽车空调气动噪声数值与试验研究[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(4):620.
[7]叶福民,冯露,陈文杰,等.离心风机的内部流场数值模拟及噪声预估[J].江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,28(2):155.
[8]常小坡.大客车空调系统流体噪声模拟及优化[D].厦门:集美大学,2015.
[9]MAO Y,GU Y,QI D,et al.An exact frequencydomain solution of the sound radiated from the rotating dipole point source[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,2012,132(3):1294.
[10]CAI J,QI D,LU F,et al.Study of tonal fan noise reduction by modification of the volute cutoff[J].ACTA United with Acustica,2010,96(6):1115.
[11]冉苗苗.多翼离心风机的CFD分析及噪声预测[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2007.
[12]LIU Q,QI D,TANG H.Computation of aerodynamic noise of centrifugal fan using large eddy simulation approach,acoustic analogy,and vortex sound theory[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2007,221(11):1321.
[13]毛义军,祁大同,徐长棱,等.叶片与蜗舌耦合对离心风机性能和旋转噪声影响的数值研究[J].应用力学学报,2006,23(3):368.