天文导航中运动模糊星图恢复技术研究
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摘要
天文导航是通过探测恒星并利用其在天体坐标中的已知位置信息,反解出探测平台姿态信息。无论是在可见光波段,还是在近红外波段对恒星进行探测,由于飞行器的快速运动和持续曝光时间的存在,在拍摄恒星图像时,容易造成星图的运动模糊,给后续的星图匹配和导航定位精度造成影响。针对星敏感器拍摄到的星图,在运动参数未知的情况下,利用Roberts边缘检测算子和自相关的方法分别确定出点扩散函数的方向和尺度参数,然后采用有约束的最小二乘滤波来复原恒星图像,取得了较好的效果,为天文导航后续的恒星位置确定及星图匹配奠定了基础。
Celestial navigation resolves the platform attitude information by detecting the stars and utilizing the given position of the stars from the celestial coordinates.When shooting the star image,the obtained images are likely to become motion blur,which affects the accuracy of subsequent star image matching and navigation position.This is due to the existence of rapid movement and the duration of exposure the aircraft,no matter the star is detected via the visible wavelengths or via the near infrared wavelengths.Under the condition of kinematic parameters of the mechanism,the Roberts's edge detectors and autocorrelation methods can be more useful by considering the star image obtained by the CCD star sensor for identifying and charactering the direction of point spread function and dimension parameter,respectively.Subsequently,a constrained least square filtering method is employed to restore the star image.Simulation results indicate that the constrained least square filtering method is effective in improving the star image accuracy.The findings of this investigation will serve as a base for the future study on star position determination and stellar map matching.
Celestial navigation resolves the platform attitude information by detecting the stars and utilizing the given position of the stars from the celestial coordinates.When shooting the star image,the obtained images are likely to become motion blur,which affects the accuracy of subsequent star image matching and navigation position.This is due to the existence of rapid movement and the duration of exposure the aircraft,no matter the star is detected via the visible wavelengths or via the near infrared wavelengths.Under the condition of kinematic parameters of the mechanism,the Roberts's edge detectors and autocorrelation methods can be more useful by considering the star image obtained by the CCD star sensor for identifying and charactering the direction of point spread function and dimension parameter,respectively.Subsequently,a constrained least square filtering method is employed to restore the star image.Simulation results indicate that the constrained least square filtering method is effective in improving the star image accuracy.The findings of this investigation will serve as a base for the future study on star position determination and stellar map matching.
引文
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[2]张飞,李承芳,史丽娜,等.复杂背景下运动点目标的检测算法[J].光学技术,2005,31(5):55-58.ZHANG Fei,LI Cheng-fang,SHI Li-na,et al.Detection algorithm for moving point target with complex background[J].Optical Technique,2015,31(5):55-58.
[3]朱红,赵亦工.基于背景自适应预测的后国外弱小运动目标检测[J].红外与毫米波学报,1999,18(4):305-310.ZHU Hong,ZHAO Yi-gong.Detection of weak and small moving infrared targets by adaptive prediction of background[J].J.Infrared Millim.Waves,1999,18(4):305-310.
[4]明文化,孔晓东.运动模糊图像的恢复方法研究[J].计算机工程,2004,30(7):133-135.MING Wen-hua,KONG Xiao-dong,QU Lei,et al.Research on restoration of motion-blurred images[J].Computer Engineering,2004,3(7):133-135.
[5]曾志高,谭骏珊.匀速直线运动模糊图像的恢复技术研究[J].陕西理工学院学报,2006,22(2):72-74.ZENG Zhi-gao,TAN Jun-shan.Research on the restroation of photographs blurred by uniform linear image motion[J].Journal of Shaanxi University of Technology,2006,22(2):72-74.
[6]Cannon M.Blind deconvolution of spatially invariant image blurs with phase[J].IEEE Trans Acco Speech and Signal Processing,1976,24(1):58-63.
[7]Y Yitzhaky,Kopeika N S.Evaluation of the blur parameters from motion blurred images[C].Proceedings of the Nineteenth Convention of Electrical Electronic Engineers in Israel,1996:216-219.
[8]胡小平,陈国良,毛征宇,等.离焦模糊图像的维纳滤波复原研究[J].仪器仪表学报,2007,28(3):479-482.HU Xiao-ping,CHEN Guo-liang,MAO Zheng-yu,et al.Study on Wiener filtering for restoration of defocus blur image[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2007,28(3):479-482.
[9]郭永彩,郭瑞瑞,高潮.运动模糊图像点扩散函数的参数鉴别[J].仪器仪表学报,2010,31(5):1052-1057.GUO Yong-cai,GUO Rui-rui,GAO Chao.Identification of blur parameters from motion blurred image[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2010,31(5):1052-1057.
[10]李楠,路小波.散焦和运动模糊复合模型及参数估计[J].仪器仪表学报,2011,32(11):2523-2529.LI Nan,LU Xiao-bo.Hybrid model and parameter estimation combining defocus and motion blur[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2011,32(11):2523-2529.
[11]赵琳,金伟其,黄有为,等.离焦模糊图像超分辨力盲复原算法分析[J].光学技术,2010,36(1):75-78.ZHAO Lin,JIN Wei-qi,HUANG You-wei,et al.Analysis on super-resolution blind restoration algorithm of defocus blurred image[J].Optical Technique,2010,36(1):75-78.