2014年-2015年湘潭市禽流感外环境监测结果分析
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摘要
目的分析湘潭市2014年-2015年禽流感外环境监测结果,了解湘潭市外环境中禽流感病毒流行特点和趋势,为禽流感防控提供参考依据。方法采集湘潭市禽流感外环境监测点标本411份,用实时荧光定量PCR进行甲型流感病毒(Flu A)核酸检测,Flu A阳性标本进行H5、H7、H9分型。结果 411份禽流感外环境标本中,Flu A阳性160份,占38.93%;H5亚型49份,阳性率为11.92%;H7亚型19份,阳性率为4.62%;H9亚型124份,阳性率为30.17%;其他型25份,占6.08%;2014年-2015年禽流感病毒阳性高峰期在冬春季节;不同类别标本以清洗禽类污水阳性率最高,不同监测场所以禽类交易市场阳性率最高。结论禽流感外环境中存在致病性禽流感潜在传播风险;加强禽流感外环境监测,加强禽类从业人群的健康教育,对于防控人禽流感具有重要意义。
Objective To analyze the environmental monitoring results of avian influenza in Xiangtan during 2014-2015,and to understand the epidemic characteristics and trend of avian influenza virus in outer environment,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of avian influenza.Methods 411 samples were collected from the external environmental monitoring sites of avian influenza in Xiangtan.The influenza A virus(Flu A) nucleic acid was detected by fluorescent RT-PCR.The positive samples of Flu A were H5,H7 and H9.Results In the 411 samples of avian influenza environmental samples,there were160 positive cases of Flu A,accounting for 38.93%; 49 cases of H5,accounting for 11.92%; 19 cases of H7,accounting for4.62%; 124 samples of H9,accounting for 30.17%; 25 copies of other types,accounting for 6.08%; incidence peak of positive avian influenza was in the winter season during 2014-2015; positive rate was the highest for different types of specimens in wastewater for poultry cleaning.The positive rate of poultry market was the highest in different monitoring sites.Conclusion There is potential risk of avian influenza infection in outer environment; strengthen the avian influenza surveillance;strengthening the external environment monitoring of avian influenza and strengthening the health education of poultry workers have important significance for the prevention and control of human avian influenza.
Objective To analyze the environmental monitoring results of avian influenza in Xiangtan during 2014-2015,and to understand the epidemic characteristics and trend of avian influenza virus in outer environment,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of avian influenza.Methods 411 samples were collected from the external environmental monitoring sites of avian influenza in Xiangtan.The influenza A virus(Flu A) nucleic acid was detected by fluorescent RT-PCR.The positive samples of Flu A were H5,H7 and H9.Results In the 411 samples of avian influenza environmental samples,there were160 positive cases of Flu A,accounting for 38.93%; 49 cases of H5,accounting for 11.92%; 19 cases of H7,accounting for4.62%; 124 samples of H9,accounting for 30.17%; 25 copies of other types,accounting for 6.08%; incidence peak of positive avian influenza was in the winter season during 2014-2015; positive rate was the highest for different types of specimens in wastewater for poultry cleaning.The positive rate of poultry market was the highest in different monitoring sites.Conclusion There is potential risk of avian influenza infection in outer environment; strengthen the avian influenza surveillance;strengthening the external environment monitoring of avian influenza and strengthening the health education of poultry workers have important significance for the prevention and control of human avian influenza.
引文
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[11]刘红莲,郑惠能,颜玉炳,等.2011年-2014年厦门市环境和职业暴露人群禽流感监测分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2016,26(1):109-111.
[12]叶夏良,雷永良,李羽敏,等.2009-2015年浙江丽水市外环境禽流感病毒监测与分析[J].疾病监测,2015,30(7):564-568.
[13]何为涛,谭毅,闭福银,等.2010-2011年广西活禽市场外环境禽流感病毒污染调查[J].应用预防医学,2013,19(1):6-8.
[14]向妮娟,周蕾,怀扬,等.2005-2009年中国人禽流感(H5N1)病例流行病学特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2010,17(6):1070-1073.
[15]胡世雄,孙倩莱,刘富强,等.2009-2011年湖南省禽流感外环境监测结果分析[J].疾病监测,2014,29(3):207-209.
[2]余宏杰,陈裕旭,舒跃龙,等.中国大陆首例人感染禽流感病毒(H5N1)的调查与确认[J].中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(4):281-287.
[3]Gao R,Cao B,Hu Y,et al.Human infection with a novel avianorigin influenza A(H7N9)virus[J].N Engl J Med,2013,368(20):1888-1897.
[4]秦彦珉,谢旭,梅树江,等.深圳市一起人感染高致病性禽流感病例的流行病学调查[J].热带医学杂志,2012,12(12):1524-1526.
[5]秦圆方,许可,祁贤,等.2010-2012年江苏省职业暴露人群禽流感病毒抗体水平及影响因素[J].江苏预防医学,2013,24(4):5-8.
[6]杨敏,成凌志,王伟.湘潭市高危场所环境中高致病性禽流感病毒(H5N1)的监测结果分析[J].实用预防医学,2014,21(3):366-368.
[7]何继波,段婧,郑艳,等.云南省首例人感染H5N6禽流感病例的临床与流行病学特征分析[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(21):3852-3854.
[8]刘菊辉,何峰,周仲南,等.宁乡县家禽养殖环境禽流感病毒监测分析[J].实用预防医学,2012,19(11):1724-1726.
[9]曹国平,占炳东,陈旭富,等.浙江省衢州市禽类职业暴露人群及外环境禽流感病毒监测分析[J].疾病监测,2013,28(11):884-887.
[10]丁启能,周璐,彭春矫,等.2014年-2016年楚雄州外环境标本高致病性禽流感病毒核酸检测分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2016,26(12):1711-1713.
[11]刘红莲,郑惠能,颜玉炳,等.2011年-2014年厦门市环境和职业暴露人群禽流感监测分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2016,26(1):109-111.
[12]叶夏良,雷永良,李羽敏,等.2009-2015年浙江丽水市外环境禽流感病毒监测与分析[J].疾病监测,2015,30(7):564-568.
[13]何为涛,谭毅,闭福银,等.2010-2011年广西活禽市场外环境禽流感病毒污染调查[J].应用预防医学,2013,19(1):6-8.
[14]向妮娟,周蕾,怀扬,等.2005-2009年中国人禽流感(H5N1)病例流行病学特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2010,17(6):1070-1073.
[15]胡世雄,孙倩莱,刘富强,等.2009-2011年湖南省禽流感外环境监测结果分析[J].疾病监测,2014,29(3):207-209.