不同燕麦品种茎秆形态特征与抗倒伏性的关系
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摘要
以20个燕麦品种为材料,研究茎秆形态特征与抗倒伏性的关系,明确影响燕麦抗倒伏性的关键形态特征,为燕麦抗倒伏育种及栽培提供参考。结果表明:供试燕麦品种田间倒伏分级年际间变化不大,不同燕麦品种茎秆形态特征差异显著(P<0.05),均与茎秆倒伏指数具有显著的相关性(P<0.05)。筛选出对燕麦倒伏起关键作用的6类主要形态因子,第2节粗度与壁厚、重量、节间充实度,机械强度、单茎(株)重、穗下节长是衡量和鉴定燕麦品种抗倒伏性强弱的关键形态指标。茎秆质量可划分为特优型、优质型、中间型和劣质型四种类型,其优劣程度间接反应抗倒伏能力,不同类型间茎秆倒伏指数和第2节机械强度差异显著(P<0.05)。
Twenty varieties of oat were used as materials to study the morphological characteristics of the stem and their correlation with lodging resistance.The key morphological characteristics of oat were evaluated comprehensively,which provided reference for lodging resistance breeding and cultivation of oat.The results showed that the degree of lodging of oat varieties in the field was consistent in different years.Morphological characteristics of stems of different oat varieties were significantly(P<0.05)different,and there was a significant(P<0.05)correlation with the culm lodging index.There were six major screened morphological factors played a key role in the lodging of oats,including the weight of the second section,the fullness of the second internode,the mechanical strength,The below of spike internode length,the thickness of the second internode and the wall thickness are the key morphological indicators for measuring and identifying the lodging resistance of oats.The quality of stems can be divided into four types:superior type,high quality type,intermediate type and inferior type.The difference between the culm lodging index and the mechanical strength of the second internode was significant(P<0.05),and the quality of the culm was indirectly affected by lodging resistance.
Twenty varieties of oat were used as materials to study the morphological characteristics of the stem and their correlation with lodging resistance.The key morphological characteristics of oat were evaluated comprehensively,which provided reference for lodging resistance breeding and cultivation of oat.The results showed that the degree of lodging of oat varieties in the field was consistent in different years.Morphological characteristics of stems of different oat varieties were significantly(P<0.05)different,and there was a significant(P<0.05)correlation with the culm lodging index.There were six major screened morphological factors played a key role in the lodging of oats,including the weight of the second section,the fullness of the second internode,the mechanical strength,The below of spike internode length,the thickness of the second internode and the wall thickness are the key morphological indicators for measuring and identifying the lodging resistance of oats.The quality of stems can be divided into four types:superior type,high quality type,intermediate type and inferior type.The difference between the culm lodging index and the mechanical strength of the second internode was significant(P<0.05),and the quality of the culm was indirectly affected by lodging resistance.
引文
[1]陆大彪.中国燕麦资源研究及其利用[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1990:32-34
[2]赵桂琴,慕平,魏黎明.饲用燕麦研究进展[J].草业学报,2007,16(4):116-125
[3]柴继宽,赵桂琴,胡凯军,等.不同种植区生态环境对燕麦营养价值及干草产量的影响[J].草地学报,2010,18(3):415-423
[4]南铭,赵桂琴,柴继宽.黄土高原半干旱区饲用燕麦种质表型性状遗传多样性分析及综合评价[J].草地学报,2017,25(6):1197-1205
[5]崔海,王加启,卜登攀,等.燕麦饲料在动物生产中的应用[J].动物生产,2010,37(6):214-216
[6]Setter T L,Laurels E V,Mazaredo A M.Lodging reduces the yield of rice by self-shading and reductions in canopy photosynthesis[J].Field Crops Research,1997,49:95-106
[7]Pirjo Peltonen-Sainio.Morphological and physiological characters behind high-yielding ability of oats(Avena sativa),and their implications for breeding[J].Field Crops Research,1990,25(11):247-252
[8]Marshall H G,Kolb F L,Roth G W.Effects of nitrogen fertilizer rate,seeding rate,and row spacing on semi-dwarf and conventional height spring oat[J].Crop Science,1986,27:572-575
[9]Guillin E,Baum B R,Mechanda S.Development of an identification scheme for Canadian registered oat cultivars using RAP-Ds[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,1998,78-84
[10]Tripathi S C,Sayre K D,Kaul J N,et al.Growth and morphology of spring wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)culms and their association with lodging:effects of genotypes,N levels and ethephon[J].Field Crops Research,2003,84:271-290
[11]Crook M J,Ennos A R.The effect of nitrogen and growth regulators on stems and root characteristics associated with lodging in two cultivars of winter wheat[J].Journal Experimental Botany,1995,46:931-938
[12]王丹,丁位华,冯素伟,等.不同小麦品种茎秆特性及其与抗倒性的关系[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(5):1496-1502
[13]李木英,陈关,潘晓华,等.直播稻不同品种茎秆和根系性状与抗倒伏性关系[J].中国稻米,2011,18(2):17-21
[14]汪灿.荞麦茎秆特性与倒伏的关系及调控研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2015:23-30
[15]任佰朝,李利利,董树亭,等.种植密度对不同株高夏玉米品种茎秆性状与抗倒伏能力的影响[J].作物学报,2016,42(12):1864-1872
[16]刘唐兴,官春云,雷冬阳.作物抗倒伏的评价方法研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(5):203-205
[17]胡昊,李莎莎,华慧,等.不同小麦品种主茎茎秆形态结构特征及其与倒伏的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(10):1343-1348
[18]徐磊,王大伟,时荣盛,等.小麦基部节间茎秆密度与抗倒性关系的研究[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(4):673-679
[19]卢昆丽,尹燕枰,王振林,等.施氮期对小麦茎秆木质素合成的影响及其抗倒伏生理机制[J].作物学报,2014,40(9):1686-1694
[20]王勇,李晴祺.小麦品种抗倒性评价方法的研究[J].华北农学报,1995,10(3):84-88
[21]陈晓光,史春余,尹燕萍,等.小麦茎秆术质素代谢及其与抗倒性的关系[J].作物学报,2011,37(9):1616-1622
[22]李金才,尹钧,魏凤珍.播种密度对冬小麦茎秆形态特征和抗倒指数的影响[J].作物学报,2005,31(5):662-666
[23]杨曌,张新全,李向林,等.应用灰色关联度综合评价17个不同秋眠级苜蓿的生产性能[J].草业学报,2009,18(5):67-72
[24]金玉国.一种测定权数的新方法:灰色系统关联分析法[J].统计教育,2002,3:14-15
[25]刘录祥,孙其信,王士芸.灰色系统理论应用于作物新品种综合评价初探[J].中国农业科学,1989,22(3):22-27
[26]田保明,杨光圣.农作物倒伏及其评价方法[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(7):111-114
[27]郑殿升,王晓鸣,张京.燕麦种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:55-57
[28]Guo R.Crop Grey Breeding[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,1988:26-40
[29]马均,马文波,田彦华,等.重穗型水稻植株抗倒伏能力的研究[J].作物学报,2004,30(2):143-148
[30]内蒙古农研所粮作室莜麦专业.莜麦抗倒伏品种形态特征的初步研究[J].内蒙古农业科技,1978,19-21
[31]Pinthus.Lodging in Wheat,Barley,and Oats:The Phenomenon,its Causes,and Preventive Measures[J].Advances in Agronomy,1974,25:209-263
[32]龚建军.播种量和氮肥水平对燕麦倒伏和产量的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2007,11-15
[33]TianWT,Shao P,Wang Y.Stem morphological structure of super hybrid rice and its relationship with lodging resistance[J].Agricultural science technology,2017,18(7):1152-1157
[34]陈有军,周青平,孙建,等.不同燕麦品种田间倒伏性状研究[J].作物杂志,2016,5:44-49
[35]Murphy H C,Petr F,Frey K J.Lodging resistance studies in oat[J].Agriculture Journal,1958,50:609-611
[36]杨海鹏,孙泽民,等.中国燕麦[M].北京:农业出版社,1989,8-15
[37]王勇,李晴祺,李朝恒,等.小麦品种茎秆的质量及解剖学研究[J].作物学报,1998,7(4):452-458
[38]马延华,王庆祥.玉米茎秆性状与抗倒伏关系研究进展[J].作物杂志,2012(2):10-15
[39]杨艳华,朱镇,张亚东.不同水稻品种(系)抗倒伏能力与茎秆形态性状的关系[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(2):231-235
[40]王成雨,代兴龙,石玉华,等.氮肥水平和种植密度对冬小麦茎秆抗倒性能的影响[J].作物学报,2012,38(1):121-128
[41]李国辉,钟旭华,田卡,等.施氮对水稻茎秆抗倒伏能力的影响及其形态和力学机理[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(7):1323-1334
[2]赵桂琴,慕平,魏黎明.饲用燕麦研究进展[J].草业学报,2007,16(4):116-125
[3]柴继宽,赵桂琴,胡凯军,等.不同种植区生态环境对燕麦营养价值及干草产量的影响[J].草地学报,2010,18(3):415-423
[4]南铭,赵桂琴,柴继宽.黄土高原半干旱区饲用燕麦种质表型性状遗传多样性分析及综合评价[J].草地学报,2017,25(6):1197-1205
[5]崔海,王加启,卜登攀,等.燕麦饲料在动物生产中的应用[J].动物生产,2010,37(6):214-216
[6]Setter T L,Laurels E V,Mazaredo A M.Lodging reduces the yield of rice by self-shading and reductions in canopy photosynthesis[J].Field Crops Research,1997,49:95-106
[7]Pirjo Peltonen-Sainio.Morphological and physiological characters behind high-yielding ability of oats(Avena sativa),and their implications for breeding[J].Field Crops Research,1990,25(11):247-252
[8]Marshall H G,Kolb F L,Roth G W.Effects of nitrogen fertilizer rate,seeding rate,and row spacing on semi-dwarf and conventional height spring oat[J].Crop Science,1986,27:572-575
[9]Guillin E,Baum B R,Mechanda S.Development of an identification scheme for Canadian registered oat cultivars using RAP-Ds[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,1998,78-84
[10]Tripathi S C,Sayre K D,Kaul J N,et al.Growth and morphology of spring wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)culms and their association with lodging:effects of genotypes,N levels and ethephon[J].Field Crops Research,2003,84:271-290
[11]Crook M J,Ennos A R.The effect of nitrogen and growth regulators on stems and root characteristics associated with lodging in two cultivars of winter wheat[J].Journal Experimental Botany,1995,46:931-938
[12]王丹,丁位华,冯素伟,等.不同小麦品种茎秆特性及其与抗倒性的关系[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(5):1496-1502
[13]李木英,陈关,潘晓华,等.直播稻不同品种茎秆和根系性状与抗倒伏性关系[J].中国稻米,2011,18(2):17-21
[14]汪灿.荞麦茎秆特性与倒伏的关系及调控研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2015:23-30
[15]任佰朝,李利利,董树亭,等.种植密度对不同株高夏玉米品种茎秆性状与抗倒伏能力的影响[J].作物学报,2016,42(12):1864-1872
[16]刘唐兴,官春云,雷冬阳.作物抗倒伏的评价方法研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2007,23(5):203-205
[17]胡昊,李莎莎,华慧,等.不同小麦品种主茎茎秆形态结构特征及其与倒伏的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(10):1343-1348
[18]徐磊,王大伟,时荣盛,等.小麦基部节间茎秆密度与抗倒性关系的研究[J].麦类作物学报,2009,29(4):673-679
[19]卢昆丽,尹燕枰,王振林,等.施氮期对小麦茎秆木质素合成的影响及其抗倒伏生理机制[J].作物学报,2014,40(9):1686-1694
[20]王勇,李晴祺.小麦品种抗倒性评价方法的研究[J].华北农学报,1995,10(3):84-88
[21]陈晓光,史春余,尹燕萍,等.小麦茎秆术质素代谢及其与抗倒性的关系[J].作物学报,2011,37(9):1616-1622
[22]李金才,尹钧,魏凤珍.播种密度对冬小麦茎秆形态特征和抗倒指数的影响[J].作物学报,2005,31(5):662-666
[23]杨曌,张新全,李向林,等.应用灰色关联度综合评价17个不同秋眠级苜蓿的生产性能[J].草业学报,2009,18(5):67-72
[24]金玉国.一种测定权数的新方法:灰色系统关联分析法[J].统计教育,2002,3:14-15
[25]刘录祥,孙其信,王士芸.灰色系统理论应用于作物新品种综合评价初探[J].中国农业科学,1989,22(3):22-27
[26]田保明,杨光圣.农作物倒伏及其评价方法[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(7):111-114
[27]郑殿升,王晓鸣,张京.燕麦种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:55-57
[28]Guo R.Crop Grey Breeding[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,1988:26-40
[29]马均,马文波,田彦华,等.重穗型水稻植株抗倒伏能力的研究[J].作物学报,2004,30(2):143-148
[30]内蒙古农研所粮作室莜麦专业.莜麦抗倒伏品种形态特征的初步研究[J].内蒙古农业科技,1978,19-21
[31]Pinthus.Lodging in Wheat,Barley,and Oats:The Phenomenon,its Causes,and Preventive Measures[J].Advances in Agronomy,1974,25:209-263
[32]龚建军.播种量和氮肥水平对燕麦倒伏和产量的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2007,11-15
[33]TianWT,Shao P,Wang Y.Stem morphological structure of super hybrid rice and its relationship with lodging resistance[J].Agricultural science technology,2017,18(7):1152-1157
[34]陈有军,周青平,孙建,等.不同燕麦品种田间倒伏性状研究[J].作物杂志,2016,5:44-49
[35]Murphy H C,Petr F,Frey K J.Lodging resistance studies in oat[J].Agriculture Journal,1958,50:609-611
[36]杨海鹏,孙泽民,等.中国燕麦[M].北京:农业出版社,1989,8-15
[37]王勇,李晴祺,李朝恒,等.小麦品种茎秆的质量及解剖学研究[J].作物学报,1998,7(4):452-458
[38]马延华,王庆祥.玉米茎秆性状与抗倒伏关系研究进展[J].作物杂志,2012(2):10-15
[39]杨艳华,朱镇,张亚东.不同水稻品种(系)抗倒伏能力与茎秆形态性状的关系[J].江苏农业学报,2011,27(2):231-235
[40]王成雨,代兴龙,石玉华,等.氮肥水平和种植密度对冬小麦茎秆抗倒性能的影响[J].作物学报,2012,38(1):121-128
[41]李国辉,钟旭华,田卡,等.施氮对水稻茎秆抗倒伏能力的影响及其形态和力学机理[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(7):1323-1334