茯砖茶中冠突散囊菌检测过程关键步骤探讨
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摘要
冠突散囊菌,俗称"金花菌",其活菌数是评价茯砖茶优劣的特征指标之一,现检测方法为GB 4789.15即霉菌和酵母的计数方法,因缺乏针对性,造成检测数据重现性较差。研究通过显微镜和扫描电镜观察了茯砖茶中优势菌群形态,并与冠突散囊菌标准菌种进行形态对比,明确检测菌种形态特征,进一步探讨了不同的取样方法、取样量和均质方式对检测结果的影响。结果表明,在取样方法为全部粉碎,取样量为不小于10 g,均质机拍打时间为1 min,培养时间为5 d时,可使茯砖茶中冠突散囊菌检测结果的标准偏差下降一个数量级。研究结果使前处理更加明确简便,有利于进行大批量检测,为其实际检测提供了理论依据。
The total viable count of Eurotium Cristatum(also known as golden flower fungus) was a characteristic index to evaluate the quality of Fuzhuan brick tea. However, in practice, the detection data reproducibility of GB 4789.15 of the existing detection method regulated by national food safety standard was poor, because GB 4789.15 acting a method of enumeration of molds and yeasts, was lack of exact relevance. The morphological characteristics of dominant flora from Fuzhuan brick tea was observed and contrasted with E. Cristatum standard sample through microscope and scanning electron microscope to show the object of detection. The effect of different from sampling method, sampling quantity and homogenization method on the detection results of E. Cristatum in Fuzhuan tea were explored. The results showed that the optimal pretreatment conditions were: all the samples were crushed, the sampling amount was not lesser than 10 g, flapped with homogenization machine for 1 min, then count after 5 d cultured. By applying this pretreatment method, the standard deviation of the E. Cristatum testing results decreased by an order of magnitude. The results of this study could make the pretreatment more explicit and convenient, which was conducive to massive determination and provided a theoretical basis for the practical detection of E. Cristatum in Fuzhuan brick tea.
The total viable count of Eurotium Cristatum(also known as golden flower fungus) was a characteristic index to evaluate the quality of Fuzhuan brick tea. However, in practice, the detection data reproducibility of GB 4789.15 of the existing detection method regulated by national food safety standard was poor, because GB 4789.15 acting a method of enumeration of molds and yeasts, was lack of exact relevance. The morphological characteristics of dominant flora from Fuzhuan brick tea was observed and contrasted with E. Cristatum standard sample through microscope and scanning electron microscope to show the object of detection. The effect of different from sampling method, sampling quantity and homogenization method on the detection results of E. Cristatum in Fuzhuan tea were explored. The results showed that the optimal pretreatment conditions were: all the samples were crushed, the sampling amount was not lesser than 10 g, flapped with homogenization machine for 1 min, then count after 5 d cultured. By applying this pretreatment method, the standard deviation of the E. Cristatum testing results decreased by an order of magnitude. The results of this study could make the pretreatment more explicit and convenient, which was conducive to massive determination and provided a theoretical basis for the practical detection of E. Cristatum in Fuzhuan brick tea.
引文
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[6]黄浩,郑红发,赵熙,等.不同茶类发花茯茶中“金花”菌的分离、鉴定及产黄曲霉毒素分析[J].食品科学,2017,(08):49-55
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[8]刘学文,高裕锋,邓倩南,等.均质方式对饼干中菌落总数测定的影响[J].现代食品,2016,13:98-101
[2]王文涛.茯砖茶中冠突散囊菌分类学研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2014
[3]黄彦,石瑞,苏二正.冠突散囊菌的研究与应用进展[J].生物加工过程,2017,15(1):49-56
[4]GB4789.15—2016,食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验霉菌和酵母计数[S]
[5]陈云兰.茯砖茶“金花菌”的分类鉴定及其对茯砖茶品质的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2004
[6]黄浩,郑红发,赵熙,等.不同茶类发花茯茶中“金花”菌的分离、鉴定及产黄曲霉毒素分析[J].食品科学,2017,(08):49-55
[7]周平发,谢志恒,崔细鹏,等.影响微生态制剂活菌检测总数的因素[J].饲料与畜牧,2003,05(02):44-45
[8]刘学文,高裕锋,邓倩南,等.均质方式对饼干中菌落总数测定的影响[J].现代食品,2016,13:98-101