油茶大规格容器苗质量及其造林效果评价
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摘要
为了筛选出适宜的容器规格、育苗基质及造林苗木规格,从而为油茶育苗和造林质量的提高提供技术依据,采用芽苗砧嫁接容器育苗方法,就不同规格的容器与不同类型的基质对容器苗质量的影响情况进行了试验研究,并对采用大规格容器苗的造林效果进行了调查与评价。试验结果表明:以大规格容器和轻基质培育的苗木其生长状况与根系质量均良好;运用3年生容器大苗造林的成活率平均为96.32%,其树高1.74 m、地径34.45 mm、冠幅1.07 m~2,当年挂果率达96.67%。研究结果表明:油茶大容器轻基质育苗和造林具有生产可行性,但相关技术还有待进一步优化与推广。
In order to screen out suitable container size, substrate and seedling size, and to provide some bases for improving quality of seedling nursery and afforestation of Camellia oleifera, effects of different container sizes and substrates on quality of container seedlings were studied by using the method of bud-stock grafting and container seedling raising, and afforestation effect of container seedlings with large size was investigated and evaluated. The results showed that growth status and root system quality of seedlings cultivated in large-size containers and light substrate.Three-year-old container seedlings with large size had 96.32% of survival rate of afforestation, tree height was 1.74 m,ground diameter was 34.45 mm, crown width was 1.07 m~2, and fruit setting rate was 96.7%. Raising in light substrate and afforestation of C. oleifera seedlings with large size container was feasible in production, but related techniques need to be further optimized and popularized.
In order to screen out suitable container size, substrate and seedling size, and to provide some bases for improving quality of seedling nursery and afforestation of Camellia oleifera, effects of different container sizes and substrates on quality of container seedlings were studied by using the method of bud-stock grafting and container seedling raising, and afforestation effect of container seedlings with large size was investigated and evaluated. The results showed that growth status and root system quality of seedlings cultivated in large-size containers and light substrate.Three-year-old container seedlings with large size had 96.32% of survival rate of afforestation, tree height was 1.74 m,ground diameter was 34.45 mm, crown width was 1.07 m~2, and fruit setting rate was 96.7%. Raising in light substrate and afforestation of C. oleifera seedlings with large size container was feasible in production, but related techniques need to be further optimized and popularized.
引文
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[25]高其富,赵维进,杨继明,等.桧柏营养袋培育大苗技术[J].林业科技开发,2003,17(6):53.
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[28]黎明,韦叶桥,蒙愈,等.不同基质和育苗容器规格对格木幼苗生长的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015,76(9):1646-1650.
[29]杨斌,史富强,付玉嫔,等.印度紫檀容器育苗适宜容器规格、基质和肥料配方[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(2):26-29.
[2]姚小华,王开良,罗细芳,等.我国油茶产业化现状及发展思路[J].林业科技开发,2005,45(1):3-6.
[3]奚如春,邓小梅.我国油茶产业化发展中的现状、要素及其优化[J].经济林研究,2005,23(1):83-87.
[4]戚连忠,汪传佳.林木容器育苗研究综述[J].林业科技开发,2004,44(4):10-13.
[5]DOMINGUEZ-LERENA S,SIERRA N H,MANZANO I C,et al.Container characteristics influence Pinus pinea seedling development in the nursery and field[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2006,221(1-3):63-71.
[6]MARSHALL M D,GILMAN E F.Effects of nursery container type on root growth and landscape establishment of Acer rubrum L[J].Journal of Environmental Horticulture,1998,16(1):55-59.
[7]ALLEN K S,HARPER R W,BAYER A,et al.A review of nursery production systems and their influence on urban tree survival[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2017,21:183-191.
[8]LIU H,GAO D,CHEN T,et al.Improvement of salinity in sewage sludge compost prior to its utilization as nursery substrate[J].Journal of the Air&Waste Management Association,2014,64(5):546-551.
[9]王洛彩.穴盘规格、基质供水状况和生长调节剂对番茄穴盘苗生育的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2006.
[10]黎曙光,周伟国,彭云金.油茶轻基质无纺布容器育苗技术[J].林业科技开发,2011,51(5):78-80.
[11]杨小胡,陈永忠,陈隆升,等.油茶育苗容器规格筛选研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(19):54-56.
[12]朱雯,徐佳琦,许逸林,等.油茶轻基质育苗效果[J].经济林研究,2016,24(3):158-162.
[13]宋祥兰,王兰英,邝先松,等.“赣州油”系列油茶容器育苗基质配方试验初探[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,8(1):23-26.
[14]崔娜娜,詹长生,胡娟娟,等.不同基质材料对油茶容器苗生长生物量及养分含量的影响[J].植物研究,2017,37(1):96-103.
[15]彭邵锋,陈永忠,陆佳,等.不同育苗基质对油茶良种容器苗生长的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2009,29(1):25-31.
[16]袁婷婷,钟秋平,丁少净,等.油茶轻基质容器苗木缓控专用肥研究[J].经济林研究,2015,33(2):107-111.
[17]李葵,王耀辉,李江,等.油茶轻基质网袋容器苗施肥效应研究[J].林业实用技术,2014,57(9):71-73.
[18]彭邵锋,陈隆升,殷元良,等.油茶容器苗空气控根与分级培育技术的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(10):66-68.
[19]张诚诚,曹志华,胡娟娟,等.水分胁迫对油茶容器苗生理生化特性的影响[J].安徽农业大学学报,2013,57(4):623-626.
[20]白芝兰,刘本勇,杨大平,等.外源赤霉素对纽荷尔脐橙容器大苗花芽分化的影响[J].中国南方果树,2016,45(3):70-71.
[21]孙燕霞,李慧峰,宋来庆,等.稻壳炭对不同品种苹果容器大苗生长的影响[J].北方园艺,2017,41(9):14-17.
[22]王怀彪,潘鹏,高保山.毛乌素沙地樟子松抗旱造林关键技术研究[J].西北林学院学报,2009,26(6):70-73.
[23]陈致富,王文田,魏天兴.油松大苗移栽造林技术及效果分析[J].防护林科技,2010,28(1):44-46.
[24]赵丽新.论提高杨树大苗造林成活率的技术要点[J].黑龙江科学,2013,14(10):139.
[25]高其富,赵维进,杨继明,等.桧柏营养袋培育大苗技术[J].林业科技开发,2003,17(6):53.
[26]吴占武.无患子大苗种植效果分析[J].林业勘察设计,2016,45(3):47-49.
[27]周雪玲,付超.提高文冠果移栽成活技术研究[J].北方园艺,2010,35(22):99.
[28]黎明,韦叶桥,蒙愈,等.不同基质和育苗容器规格对格木幼苗生长的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015,76(9):1646-1650.
[29]杨斌,史富强,付玉嫔,等.印度紫檀容器育苗适宜容器规格、基质和肥料配方[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(2):26-29.