生物降解膜对花生生长的影响
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摘要
为了探明生物降解膜对花生生长的影响,设计了3种配方的生物降解膜,以不盖膜处理为对照,通过田间小区试验,研究了生物降解膜对花生生育进程、杂草防效、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,覆盖生物降解膜可以使花生的生育期提前;生物降解膜添加一定比例的除草剂对田间一年生单双子叶杂草的防效达85%以上;3种生物降解膜较不盖膜处理分别使花生增产了38.50%、29.57%和20.89%,而覆生物降解膜处理对花生品质没有影响。生物降解膜使用后可以直接还田,消除农田污染,是实现绿色农业的重要途径。
In order to study the effects of biodegradable films mulching on growth of peanuts, a field experiment was conducted. And we analyzed the effects of different biodegradable films mulching on development process, weed control efficiency, yield and quality of peanuts. The results showed that growth periods of peanuts became earlier, the efficiency of weeds control was more than 85% in biodegradable films mulching. In addition, biodegradable membrane treatments had no effect on the quality of peanuts. Compared with the yield of peanuts that were planted in bare land, the yield of peanuts planted in there biodegradable films mulching increased by 38.50%, 29.57% and 20.89%, respectively. After the biodegradable film was used, it could be directly returned to the field to eliminate farmland pollution, which was an important way to achieve green agriculture.
In order to study the effects of biodegradable films mulching on growth of peanuts, a field experiment was conducted. And we analyzed the effects of different biodegradable films mulching on development process, weed control efficiency, yield and quality of peanuts. The results showed that growth periods of peanuts became earlier, the efficiency of weeds control was more than 85% in biodegradable films mulching. In addition, biodegradable membrane treatments had no effect on the quality of peanuts. Compared with the yield of peanuts that were planted in bare land, the yield of peanuts planted in there biodegradable films mulching increased by 38.50%, 29.57% and 20.89%, respectively. After the biodegradable film was used, it could be directly returned to the field to eliminate farmland pollution, which was an important way to achieve green agriculture.
引文
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[11] 李振怀,鲁合全,唐薇,等.海滨盐土地膜覆盖对抗虫棉产量和熟相的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(6):351-353.
[12] XIE Z K,WANG Y J,LI F M.Effect of plasticmulching on soil water use and spring wheat yield in arid region of northwest China[J].Agricultural water management,2005,75(1): 71-83.
[13] SARKAR S,PARAMANICK M,GOSWAMI S B.Soil temperature,water use and yield of yellow sarson (Brassica napus L.var.glauca) in relation to tillage intensity and mulch management under rainfed lowland ecosystem in eastern India[J].Soil & tillage research,2007,93(1): 94-101.
[14] 高旭华,陈明周,黄瑶珠,等.生物降解膜覆盖马铃薯增产机理研究[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(17):140-144.
[15] 黄少辉,李俊良,金圣爱.不同材质地膜对花生产量及土壤中增塑剂含量的影响[J].作物杂志,2015(3):139-141.
[16] 戴良香,康涛,张冠初,等.地膜覆盖方式对花生田土壤含水量、温度及产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(8):72-77.
[2] 王树森,邓根云.地膜覆盖增温机制研究[J].中国农业科学,1991,24(3):74-78.
[3] 娄伟平,吴睿.江南花生地膜覆盖和灌溉的增减产效应研究[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(20):316-321.
[4] 石静妹.春花生地膜高产栽培技术[J].种业导刊,2012(3):15-16.
[5] 茹德平,赵治军,蒋福稳.花生地膜覆盖高产栽培技术[J].经济作物,2012(11):137-138.
[6] 田德珍,姜未罢.春播地膜花生高产栽培技术[J].现代农业科技,2005(12):42.
[7] 刘庆轮,孟宪英.地膜覆盖花生栽培技术[J].现代农业科技,2009(10):156-157.
[8] 张永涛,汤天明,李增印,等.地膜覆盖的水分生理生态效应[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(3):45-47.
[9] 王月福,王铭伦,郑建强,等.不同覆盖措施对丘陵地土壤水分和温度及花生生长发育的影响[J].农学学报,2012,2(7):16-21.
[10] 高家合,李梅云,赵淑媛,等.地膜覆盖与烤烟根系及烟叶产量品质的关系[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(7):181-185.
[11] 李振怀,鲁合全,唐薇,等.海滨盐土地膜覆盖对抗虫棉产量和熟相的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(6):351-353.
[12] XIE Z K,WANG Y J,LI F M.Effect of plasticmulching on soil water use and spring wheat yield in arid region of northwest China[J].Agricultural water management,2005,75(1): 71-83.
[13] SARKAR S,PARAMANICK M,GOSWAMI S B.Soil temperature,water use and yield of yellow sarson (Brassica napus L.var.glauca) in relation to tillage intensity and mulch management under rainfed lowland ecosystem in eastern India[J].Soil & tillage research,2007,93(1): 94-101.
[14] 高旭华,陈明周,黄瑶珠,等.生物降解膜覆盖马铃薯增产机理研究[J].中国农学通报,2018,34(17):140-144.
[15] 黄少辉,李俊良,金圣爱.不同材质地膜对花生产量及土壤中增塑剂含量的影响[J].作物杂志,2015(3):139-141.
[16] 戴良香,康涛,张冠初,等.地膜覆盖方式对花生田土壤含水量、温度及产量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(8):72-77.