江西官山乐昌含笑群落组成、种群动态与自然择优
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摘要
乐昌含笑(Michelia chapensis)是国家II级重点保护植物,在江西官山国家级自然保护区设置3个乐昌含笑长期动态监测样地,完成了第一次群落学特征调查和分析,统计分析群落组成、结构和种群动态等。结果表明:(1)乐昌含笑群落物种组成较丰富,3个群落共计43科72属121种,乐昌含笑在各样地乔木层和灌木层的重要值均位前列,在乔木层分别是31.03、27.46和15.30,在灌木层分别是14.23、11.59和10.48。(2)3个群落垂直结构和径级结构相似,随高度级、径级增加,多度百分比逐渐下降。(3)随样地面积的增大,物种多样性呈上升趋势,Shannon-Wiener指数于乔木层上升96.5%,灌木层上升78.0%,且样地灌木层的物种丰富度指数均高于乔木层。(4)乐昌含笑种群年龄结构呈"金字塔"型,存活曲线趋于Deevey-Ⅲ型。以上结果说明,乐昌含笑在复杂的群落背景中可以自然更新,且存在一个强烈的自然择优过程。
Michelia chapensis is a species of state key protected plant(Class Ⅱ).Three long-term monitoring plots were established to carry out the research on the ecological characteristics of the community in Guanshan National Nature Reserve. The species composition,community structure and population dynamics of the community were analyzed and evaluated based on systematic investigation.The results were as follows.(1) There were 121 species in the three plots,belonging to 43 families and 72 genera. The important value of M. chapsensis generelly ranked the top,31.03,27.96 and 15.30 in the tree layer and 14.23,11.59 and 10.48 in the shrub layer respectively.(2) There were great similarities in vertical structure and diameter structure of the three plots. With the increase of the height and diameter,the ratio of M. chapsensis abundance decreased gradually.(3) The species diversity raised with the increase of plot area,and the Shannon-Wiener index of the tree layer increased by 96.5%,and that of the shrub layer increased by 78.0%. The index of species richness of the shrub layer was higher than that of the tree layer in all the plots.(4) The age structure of M. chapsensis population was in a pyramid-shape and the survey curve approached to Deevey-Ⅲ. These findings indicate that the M. chapensis population can regenerate well with great potential in the complicated community and evolves through an obvious process of natural selection.
Michelia chapensis is a species of state key protected plant(Class Ⅱ).Three long-term monitoring plots were established to carry out the research on the ecological characteristics of the community in Guanshan National Nature Reserve. The species composition,community structure and population dynamics of the community were analyzed and evaluated based on systematic investigation.The results were as follows.(1) There were 121 species in the three plots,belonging to 43 families and 72 genera. The important value of M. chapsensis generelly ranked the top,31.03,27.96 and 15.30 in the tree layer and 14.23,11.59 and 10.48 in the shrub layer respectively.(2) There were great similarities in vertical structure and diameter structure of the three plots. With the increase of the height and diameter,the ratio of M. chapsensis abundance decreased gradually.(3) The species diversity raised with the increase of plot area,and the Shannon-Wiener index of the tree layer increased by 96.5%,and that of the shrub layer increased by 78.0%. The index of species richness of the shrub layer was higher than that of the tree layer in all the plots.(4) The age structure of M. chapsensis population was in a pyramid-shape and the survey curve approached to Deevey-Ⅲ. These findings indicate that the M. chapensis population can regenerate well with great potential in the complicated community and evolves through an obvious process of natural selection.
引文
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