发酵床与普通垫料种鸭舍环境监测试验研究
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摘要
400日龄枫叶种鸭6264只,随机分成试验组(发酵床养殖3076只)和对照组(3188只),每组分4个重复。试验期18周,研究发酵床养殖对鸭舍内空气中NH3、CO2、H2S浓度、空气菌落数的变化、垫料温度和种鸭生产性能等指标的影响。结果表明,发酵床鸭舍NH3、CO2的浓度较对照组均得到极显著的降低(P<0.01),空气菌落数也显著降低(P<0.05),发酵床与对照组5cm处的垫料层温度差异不显著(P>0.05),发酵床组垫料中粗灰分、水分均极其显著的低于对照组(P<0.01);发酵床组与对照组在种鸭死淘率方面差异不显著(P>0.05),但有降低趋势,发酵床组日产蛋率极其显著地高于对照组(P<0.01),发酵床组与对照组在种鸭料蛋比方面差异不显著(P>0.05)。可见,发酵床养殖能够明显地降低空气中NH3、CO2的浓度和空气菌落数,保持垫料干燥,改善鸭舍饲养环境,提高种鸭的生产性能。
This trial is conducted to evaluate the effects of fermentation bed raising system on the concentration of NH3,CO2 and H2 S,bacterial community,litter temperature and the production performance of breeding ducks in the shed.A total of 6264 healthy Maple Leaf breeding ducks aged 400 days were randomly divided into 2 groups with 4 replicates per group,the test group including 3076 ducks were raised on the fermentation bed and the control group included 3188 ducks raised on rice husk litter.The experiment lasted for 18 weeks.Results are shown as follows:compared with the control,the fermentation bed had significantly decreased the concentration of NH3 and CO2(P<0.01)and the bacterial community(P<0.05),there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in the temperature of litter under 5 cm in two sheds.The fermentation bed had significantly decreased(P<0.01)water and ash content of the litter;which could decrease mortality,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in two sheds;laying rate of breeding ducks had been increased significantly(P<0.01)in fermentation bed shed,and feed conversion rate(FCR)was of no significant difference(P>0.05)in two sheds.Thus,the fermentation bed could decrease the concentrations of NH3 and CO2 as well as bacterial community and keep the litter dry,which could also improve the shed environment and the production performance of breeding ducks.
This trial is conducted to evaluate the effects of fermentation bed raising system on the concentration of NH3,CO2 and H2 S,bacterial community,litter temperature and the production performance of breeding ducks in the shed.A total of 6264 healthy Maple Leaf breeding ducks aged 400 days were randomly divided into 2 groups with 4 replicates per group,the test group including 3076 ducks were raised on the fermentation bed and the control group included 3188 ducks raised on rice husk litter.The experiment lasted for 18 weeks.Results are shown as follows:compared with the control,the fermentation bed had significantly decreased the concentration of NH3 and CO2(P<0.01)and the bacterial community(P<0.05),there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in the temperature of litter under 5 cm in two sheds.The fermentation bed had significantly decreased(P<0.01)water and ash content of the litter;which could decrease mortality,but there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in two sheds;laying rate of breeding ducks had been increased significantly(P<0.01)in fermentation bed shed,and feed conversion rate(FCR)was of no significant difference(P>0.05)in two sheds.Thus,the fermentation bed could decrease the concentrations of NH3 and CO2 as well as bacterial community and keep the litter dry,which could also improve the shed environment and the production performance of breeding ducks.
引文
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[2]王生雨,程好良,李惠敏,等.肉种鸭旱养技术研究[J].中国家禽,2010,32(17):16-19.
[3]刘俊珍,盛清凯.肉鸡发酵床几个垫料指标的变化规律[J].山东畜牧兽医,2011,11(32):3-4.
[4]蒋爱国,发酵床养鸡技术[J].农村新技术,2009(1):20-23.
[5]周玉刚,宁康健,许百年,等.发酵床鸡舍环境监测及AA肉鸡生产性能的观察[J].当代畜禽养殖业,2013(11):7-11.
[6]吴金山,干撒式发酵床养殖技术[J].中国家禽,2009,31(12):46-48.
[7]朱洪,常志州,叶小梅,等.基于畜禽废弃物管理的发酵床技术研究III高湿热季节养殖效果评价[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(1):354-358.
[8]周忠凯,秦竹,余刚,等.发酵床育肥猪舍内湿热环境与通风状况研究[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(3):592-598.
[9]冯幼,张祥斌,陈学灵,等.夏季发酵床饲养模式对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及猪舍环境的影响[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(22):4 706-4 713.
[10]刘俊珍,发酵床养鸡技术的应用[J].中国家禽,2010,32(6):62-66.