再论煤炭的科学开采
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摘要
科学采矿是指在保证安全的前提下、在环境容量的允许范围内,经济、高效、高采出率地采出煤炭。从人与自然相处的三大学问"获取—使用—回归"出发,再次明确了科学采矿的内涵与框架。综述了科学采矿理念指导下我国煤炭行业所取得的各项进展,分析了新形势下科学采矿面临的若干问题,并再次阐明了发展科学采矿的必要性。在此基础上,提出了全面实现科学采矿的条件,重点应从制定新建矿井准入标准、制定落后产能退出标准、分步实现科学产能以及加强行业协调和政策法规完善等方面做好煤炭科学开采的顶层设计,同时还要加强煤炭资源经济规律研究、加大科技投入和技术攻关以及改革人才培养模式。对煤炭的科学开采和煤炭行业的健康发展提出了方向性的意见。
Sustainable mining refers to extract coal economically,efficiently and with a high recovery rate while ensuring safety and within the allowable range of environmental capacity.This paper again clarifies the connotation and technological system of sustainable mining from the relationship between human and nature of coal acquiring,consuming and returning.Additionally,the paper reviewed the developments of the coal industry under the guidance of sustainable mining in China,analyzed some problems of sustainable mining in the new situation,illustrated the necessity of developing sustainable mining and put forward the conditions of comprehensively realizing sustainable mining.The top priority should be accomplishing the top-level design of sustainable coal mining by setting new standards for the entrance of new coal mines into the coal industry and the elimination of outdated coal mines out of the coal industry,implementing the sustainable capacity step-by-step,strengthening industry coordination as well as improving policies and regulations.At the same time,we should also enhance the study of economic law of coal resources,increasing the investment in science and technology and tackling key problems in technology,reforming the personnel training mode.Proposed directional suggestions for sustainable mining and healthy development of coal industry.
Sustainable mining refers to extract coal economically,efficiently and with a high recovery rate while ensuring safety and within the allowable range of environmental capacity.This paper again clarifies the connotation and technological system of sustainable mining from the relationship between human and nature of coal acquiring,consuming and returning.Additionally,the paper reviewed the developments of the coal industry under the guidance of sustainable mining in China,analyzed some problems of sustainable mining in the new situation,illustrated the necessity of developing sustainable mining and put forward the conditions of comprehensively realizing sustainable mining.The top priority should be accomplishing the top-level design of sustainable coal mining by setting new standards for the entrance of new coal mines into the coal industry and the elimination of outdated coal mines out of the coal industry,implementing the sustainable capacity step-by-step,strengthening industry coordination as well as improving policies and regulations.At the same time,we should also enhance the study of economic law of coal resources,increasing the investment in science and technology and tackling key problems in technology,reforming the personnel training mode.Proposed directional suggestions for sustainable mining and healthy development of coal industry.
引文
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[13]钱鸣高.是弥补煤炭理论环缺口的时候了[N].中国能源报,2017-06-19(1).
[14]郑爱华,许家林,钱鸣高.科学采矿视角下的完全成本体系[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(10):1196-1200.ZHENG Aihua,XU Jialin,QIAN Minggao.Total cost system based on the scientized mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(10):1196-1200.
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