高面膜堆石坝关键设计概念与设计方法
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摘要
针对高面膜堆石坝的特点,分析高面膜堆石坝防渗面膜变形原理和几种主要防渗面膜材料的变形特点,阐述防渗面膜选择与设计、防渗面膜铺设设计以及周边锚固设计等方法。梳理和分析防渗面膜变形安全校核方法,提出较为系统的面膜变形安全校核方法;指出以往研究中关于颗粒垫层上防渗面膜液胀变形校核方法存在的问题,提出了比较符合工程实际且易于工程设计应用的液胀变形校核方法。
Based on the properties of high membrane faced rock-fill dams (MFRD),deformation principles of the seepageproofing face membrane and the deformation characteristics of the main materials are analyzed. The design and selection of face membranes and their spread out and periphery anchorage are expounded. The safety check method of the anti-seepage membrane deformation is analyzed and a systematic safety check method for face membrane deformation is proposed. After pointing out the defects about safety check method for liquid expansion of face membranes on gravel cushion in early research,a more feasible safety check method in engineering design and application is proposed.
Based on the properties of high membrane faced rock-fill dams (MFRD),deformation principles of the seepageproofing face membrane and the deformation characteristics of the main materials are analyzed. The design and selection of face membranes and their spread out and periphery anchorage are expounded. The safety check method of the anti-seepage membrane deformation is analyzed and a systematic safety check method for face membrane deformation is proposed. After pointing out the defects about safety check method for liquid expansion of face membranes on gravel cushion in early research,a more feasible safety check method in engineering design and application is proposed.
引文
[1]束一鸣,吴海民,姜晓桢.高面膜堆石坝发展的需求与关键技术:高面膜堆石坝关键技术(一)[J].水利水电科技进展,2015,35(1):1-9.(SHU Yiming,WUHaimin,JIANG Xiaozhen.Need and key technology on development of high membrane faced rock-fill dam:key technology of high membrane faced rock-fill dam(I)[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2015,35(1):1-9.(in Chinese))
[2]蔡斌,宣李刚,唐存军.南欧江六级水电站大坝复合土工膜施工[J].水利水电施工,2015(5):26-29.(CHAIBin,XUAN ligang,TANG Cunjun.Construction of composite geomembrane on the dam at six-level hydropower station along Nan’ou River in Laos[J].Water Conservancy and Hydropower Construction,2015(5):26-29.(in Chinese))
[3]刘宗耀.土工合成材料工程应用手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994.
[4]GIRARD H,FISCHER S,ALONSO E.Problems of friction posed by the use of geomembranes on dam slopes:examples and measurements[J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,1990,9(2):129-143.
[5]顾淦臣.承压土工膜厚度计算的研究[C]//全国第三届土工合成材料学术会议论文集.天津:天津大学出版社,1992:249-257.
[6]束一鸣.防渗土工膜工程特性的探讨[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),1993,21(5):1-6.(SHU Yiming.Engineering characters of geomembrane[J].Journal o Hohai University(Natural Sciences),1993,21(4):1-6.(in Chinese))
[7]GIROUD J P,SODERMAN K L.Comparison o geomembranes subjected to differential settlement[J].Geosynthetics International,1995,2(6):953-969.
[8]GIROUD J P,SODERMAN K L,PELTE T,et al.Design method to prevent geomembrane failure in tank corners[J].Geosynthetics International,1995,2(6):971-1018.
[9]束一鸣,叶乃虎.LDPE土工膜液胀极限荷载的工程仿真实验[J].水利水电科技进展,2003,23(5):1-3.(SHUYiming,YE Naihu.Simulation test for mullen burs limitload of LDPE geomembrane[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2003,23(5):1-3.(in Chinese))
[10]束一鸣,潘江.损伤土工膜液胀强度试验研究[J].水利水电科技进展,2005,25(6):34-36.(SHU Yiming,PANJiang.Mullen strength experiment on damagedgeomembrane[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2005,25(6):34-36.(in Chinese))
[11]SHU Yiming,LI Yonghong.Design principles for high head earth-rock dams with geomembranes[C]//ICOLD72nd Annual Meeting Proceedings Workshop on Dam Safety Problems and Solutions-sharing Experience.Seoul:[s.n.],2004.
[12]花加凤,束一鸣,张贵科,等.土石坝坝面防渗膜中的夹具效应[J].水利水电科技进展,2007,27(2):66-68.(HUA Jiafeng,SHU Yiming,ZHANG Guike,et al.Clamping effect in geomembranes used for seepage contro of upstream surface of earth-rock dams[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2007,27(2):66-68.(in Chinese))
[13]束一鸣,吴海民,姜晓桢,等.高面膜堆石坝周边的夹具效应机制与消除设计方法:高面膜堆石坝关键技术(二)[J].水利水电科技进展,2015,35(1):10-15.(SHU Yiming,WU Haimin,JIANG Xiaozhen,et al.Mechanism of anchoring influence at perimeter of high membrane faced rock-fill dam and eliminating approach(Ⅱ)[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2015,35(1):10-15.(in Chinese))
[14]CAZZUFFI D,GIROUD J P,SCUERO A,et al.Geosynthetic barriers systems for dams[C]//Proceeding of the 9th International Conference on Geosynthetics.Guaruj.Brazilian:[s.n.],2010:115-163.
[15]CAZZUFFI D.The use of geomembranes in Italian dams[J].International Water Power&Dam Construction,1987,39(3):17-21.
[16]SEMBENELLI P,SEMBENELLI G,SCUERO A M.Geosynthetic system for the facing of bovilla dam[C]//Sixth International Conference on Geosynthetics.Atlanta:[s.n.],1998.
[17]王高明,小岭头水库堆石坝复合土工膜防渗坝面的设计与施工[J].防渗技术,1995,1(2):29-34.(WANGGaoming.Design and construction of seepage-proof compound geomembrane surface of the rock-fill dam at Xiaolingtou Reservoir[J].Technique of Seepage Prevention,1995,1(2):29-34.(in Chinese))
[18]束一鸣,张利新,袁全义,等.西霞院反调节水库土石坝膜防渗工艺[J].水利水电科技进展,2009,29(6):70-73.(SHU Yiming,ZHANG Lixin,YUAN Quanyi,et al.Geomembrane seepage control techniques of Xixiayuan Earth-Rock Dam[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2009,29(6):70-73.(in Chinese))
[19]褚清帅.仁宗海水库大坝HDPE复合土工膜施工技术[J].四川水力发电,2011,30(5):32-35.(CHUQingshuai.HDPE compound geomembrane construction technique of renzonghai dam[J].Sichuan Water Power,2011,30(5):32-35.(in Chinese))
[20]郦能惠.中国高混凝土面板堆石坝性状监测及启示[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(2):165-173.(LI Nenghui.Performance of high concrete face rock-fill dans in China and its inspiration[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(2):165-173.(in Chinese))
[21]张宪雷.高面膜堆石坝中PVC土工膜运行性态研究[D].南京:河海大学,2016.
[22]GIROUD J P.Analysis of stresses and elongations in geomembranes[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Geomembranes.Paris:RILEM,1984:481-486.
[23]戴林军.堆石坝面膜防渗结构聚氨酯无砂砼垫层工程特性[D].南京:河海大学,2012.
[24]束一鸣,吴海民,姜晓桢,等.补偿位移消除高面膜堆石坝防渗膜锚固处夹具效应的方法:CN104060580A[P].2014-09-24.
[2]蔡斌,宣李刚,唐存军.南欧江六级水电站大坝复合土工膜施工[J].水利水电施工,2015(5):26-29.(CHAIBin,XUAN ligang,TANG Cunjun.Construction of composite geomembrane on the dam at six-level hydropower station along Nan’ou River in Laos[J].Water Conservancy and Hydropower Construction,2015(5):26-29.(in Chinese))
[3]刘宗耀.土工合成材料工程应用手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994.
[4]GIRARD H,FISCHER S,ALONSO E.Problems of friction posed by the use of geomembranes on dam slopes:examples and measurements[J].Geotextiles and Geomembranes,1990,9(2):129-143.
[5]顾淦臣.承压土工膜厚度计算的研究[C]//全国第三届土工合成材料学术会议论文集.天津:天津大学出版社,1992:249-257.
[6]束一鸣.防渗土工膜工程特性的探讨[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),1993,21(5):1-6.(SHU Yiming.Engineering characters of geomembrane[J].Journal o Hohai University(Natural Sciences),1993,21(4):1-6.(in Chinese))
[7]GIROUD J P,SODERMAN K L.Comparison o geomembranes subjected to differential settlement[J].Geosynthetics International,1995,2(6):953-969.
[8]GIROUD J P,SODERMAN K L,PELTE T,et al.Design method to prevent geomembrane failure in tank corners[J].Geosynthetics International,1995,2(6):971-1018.
[9]束一鸣,叶乃虎.LDPE土工膜液胀极限荷载的工程仿真实验[J].水利水电科技进展,2003,23(5):1-3.(SHUYiming,YE Naihu.Simulation test for mullen burs limitload of LDPE geomembrane[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2003,23(5):1-3.(in Chinese))
[10]束一鸣,潘江.损伤土工膜液胀强度试验研究[J].水利水电科技进展,2005,25(6):34-36.(SHU Yiming,PANJiang.Mullen strength experiment on damagedgeomembrane[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2005,25(6):34-36.(in Chinese))
[11]SHU Yiming,LI Yonghong.Design principles for high head earth-rock dams with geomembranes[C]//ICOLD72nd Annual Meeting Proceedings Workshop on Dam Safety Problems and Solutions-sharing Experience.Seoul:[s.n.],2004.
[12]花加凤,束一鸣,张贵科,等.土石坝坝面防渗膜中的夹具效应[J].水利水电科技进展,2007,27(2):66-68.(HUA Jiafeng,SHU Yiming,ZHANG Guike,et al.Clamping effect in geomembranes used for seepage contro of upstream surface of earth-rock dams[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2007,27(2):66-68.(in Chinese))
[13]束一鸣,吴海民,姜晓桢,等.高面膜堆石坝周边的夹具效应机制与消除设计方法:高面膜堆石坝关键技术(二)[J].水利水电科技进展,2015,35(1):10-15.(SHU Yiming,WU Haimin,JIANG Xiaozhen,et al.Mechanism of anchoring influence at perimeter of high membrane faced rock-fill dam and eliminating approach(Ⅱ)[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2015,35(1):10-15.(in Chinese))
[14]CAZZUFFI D,GIROUD J P,SCUERO A,et al.Geosynthetic barriers systems for dams[C]//Proceeding of the 9th International Conference on Geosynthetics.Guaruj.Brazilian:[s.n.],2010:115-163.
[15]CAZZUFFI D.The use of geomembranes in Italian dams[J].International Water Power&Dam Construction,1987,39(3):17-21.
[16]SEMBENELLI P,SEMBENELLI G,SCUERO A M.Geosynthetic system for the facing of bovilla dam[C]//Sixth International Conference on Geosynthetics.Atlanta:[s.n.],1998.
[17]王高明,小岭头水库堆石坝复合土工膜防渗坝面的设计与施工[J].防渗技术,1995,1(2):29-34.(WANGGaoming.Design and construction of seepage-proof compound geomembrane surface of the rock-fill dam at Xiaolingtou Reservoir[J].Technique of Seepage Prevention,1995,1(2):29-34.(in Chinese))
[18]束一鸣,张利新,袁全义,等.西霞院反调节水库土石坝膜防渗工艺[J].水利水电科技进展,2009,29(6):70-73.(SHU Yiming,ZHANG Lixin,YUAN Quanyi,et al.Geomembrane seepage control techniques of Xixiayuan Earth-Rock Dam[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2009,29(6):70-73.(in Chinese))
[19]褚清帅.仁宗海水库大坝HDPE复合土工膜施工技术[J].四川水力发电,2011,30(5):32-35.(CHUQingshuai.HDPE compound geomembrane construction technique of renzonghai dam[J].Sichuan Water Power,2011,30(5):32-35.(in Chinese))
[20]郦能惠.中国高混凝土面板堆石坝性状监测及启示[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(2):165-173.(LI Nenghui.Performance of high concrete face rock-fill dans in China and its inspiration[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(2):165-173.(in Chinese))
[21]张宪雷.高面膜堆石坝中PVC土工膜运行性态研究[D].南京:河海大学,2016.
[22]GIROUD J P.Analysis of stresses and elongations in geomembranes[C]//Proceedings of the International Conference on Geomembranes.Paris:RILEM,1984:481-486.
[23]戴林军.堆石坝面膜防渗结构聚氨酯无砂砼垫层工程特性[D].南京:河海大学,2012.
[24]束一鸣,吴海民,姜晓桢,等.补偿位移消除高面膜堆石坝防渗膜锚固处夹具效应的方法:CN104060580A[P].2014-09-24.