全科医生人文关怀的特征与促进策略
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摘要
全科医生是基层健康管理和诊疗服务的主要提供者,在基本医疗卫生服务中发挥着重要作用。全科医生人文关怀实践特征主要包括提供以人为中心、以人文关怀为特征的健康照顾;关注精神、心理需求,提供身心保健服务;运用人文关怀理念,践行医学人文关怀。在此基础上,提出强化全科医生对人文关怀理念认知的培训与培养、提高全科医生人文关怀的实践能力、构建全科医生人文关怀奖惩机制等策略,以期提高基层医疗卫生服务的质量和水平。
General practitioners are the main providers of primary health management and diagnosis and treatment services, and play an important role in basic medical and health services. The practical characteristics of general practitioners' humanistic care mainly include providing people-centered and humanistic care-oriented health care; paying attention to spiritual and psychological needs, providing physical and mental health care services; and practicing medical humanistic care with the concept of humanistic care. On this basis, this paper put forward some strategies, such as strengthening the training and cultivating of general practitioners' concept of humanistic care, improving the practical ability of general practitioners' humanistic care, and constructing the reward and punishment mechanism of general practitioners' humanistic care, in order to improve the quality and level of primary medical and health services.
General practitioners are the main providers of primary health management and diagnosis and treatment services, and play an important role in basic medical and health services. The practical characteristics of general practitioners' humanistic care mainly include providing people-centered and humanistic care-oriented health care; paying attention to spiritual and psychological needs, providing physical and mental health care services; and practicing medical humanistic care with the concept of humanistic care. On this basis, this paper put forward some strategies, such as strengthening the training and cultivating of general practitioners' concept of humanistic care, improving the practical ability of general practitioners' humanistic care, and constructing the reward and punishment mechanism of general practitioners' humanistic care, in order to improve the quality and level of primary medical and health services.
引文
[1] 佟成涛,于家傲,于双成.对医学人文关怀的理性思考[J].医学与哲学,2018,39(4A):49-51,92.
[2] Elizabeth A.Rider,Suzanne Kurtz ,Diana Slade ,etal.TheInternational Charter for Human Values in Healthcare:An interprofessional global collaboration to enhance values and communication in healthcare[J].Patient Education and Counseling,2014,96:273-280.
[3] 杜治政.守住医学的疆界——关于医学中的科学主义与金钱至上主义[J].医学与哲学,2002,23(9):7-11.
[4] 杨秉辉.需关注全科医学的人文精神[J].中华全科医师杂志,2006,5(11):645-646.
[5] Miles A.Moving from a reductive anatomico-pathological medicine to an authentically anthropocentricmodel of healthcare:current transitions in epidemiology and epistemology and the ongoing developmentof person-centered healthcare[J].Int J Pers Cent Med,2012,2(4):615-621.
[6] Miles A,Mezzich JE.The care of the patient andthe soul of the clinic:person-centered medicine asan emergent model of modern clinical practice[J].IntJ Pers Cent Med,2011,1(2):207-22.
[7] 吴萍,葛玲玉,蒋青,等.在家庭医生服务制中对高血压患者实施中医养生指导与人文关怀干预的效果评价[J].中国社区医师,2014,30(9):132-134.
[8] Rogers WR,Barnard D.The interaction between humanistic social sciences and medical education[M]//Rogers WR,Barnard D.Nourishing the humanistic in medicine.London:Society for Health and Human Values,Feffer and Simons,1979:3-24.
[9] William T.Branch.Teaching professional and humanistic values:Suggestion for a practical and theoretical model[J].Patient Education and Counceling ,2015,98(2):162-167.
[2] Elizabeth A.Rider,Suzanne Kurtz ,Diana Slade ,etal.TheInternational Charter for Human Values in Healthcare:An interprofessional global collaboration to enhance values and communication in healthcare[J].Patient Education and Counseling,2014,96:273-280.
[3] 杜治政.守住医学的疆界——关于医学中的科学主义与金钱至上主义[J].医学与哲学,2002,23(9):7-11.
[4] 杨秉辉.需关注全科医学的人文精神[J].中华全科医师杂志,2006,5(11):645-646.
[5] Miles A.Moving from a reductive anatomico-pathological medicine to an authentically anthropocentricmodel of healthcare:current transitions in epidemiology and epistemology and the ongoing developmentof person-centered healthcare[J].Int J Pers Cent Med,2012,2(4):615-621.
[6] Miles A,Mezzich JE.The care of the patient andthe soul of the clinic:person-centered medicine asan emergent model of modern clinical practice[J].IntJ Pers Cent Med,2011,1(2):207-22.
[7] 吴萍,葛玲玉,蒋青,等.在家庭医生服务制中对高血压患者实施中医养生指导与人文关怀干预的效果评价[J].中国社区医师,2014,30(9):132-134.
[8] Rogers WR,Barnard D.The interaction between humanistic social sciences and medical education[M]//Rogers WR,Barnard D.Nourishing the humanistic in medicine.London:Society for Health and Human Values,Feffer and Simons,1979:3-24.
[9] William T.Branch.Teaching professional and humanistic values:Suggestion for a practical and theoretical model[J].Patient Education and Counceling ,2015,98(2):162-167.