超声联合热碱预处理促进剩余污泥中温厌氧消化研究
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摘要
基于超声联合热碱破解污泥最佳工艺参数,对预处理污泥进行半连续式中温厌氧消化研究。结果表明,预处理污泥日产甲烷量是原泥的1. 94倍,达234 mL·d~(-1)。运用修正的冈珀兹模型进行累计甲烷产量动力学分析,发现预处理污泥和原泥累计产甲烷曲线与修正的冈珀兹模型拟合系数R2分别达0. 998和0. 993。预处理污泥的动力学参数如下:最大累计产气量达5 376. 4 mL,最大产甲烷速率达394. 8 mL·d~(-1),细菌产甲烷的延迟时间为2. 8 d。预处理污泥的甲烷转化率为82. 17%。从有机物浓度变化来看,厌氧消化期间预处理污泥溶解性化学需氧量、溶解性蛋白质和多糖浓度均远高于原泥,最大值分别是原泥的2. 09、3. 94和3. 95倍。预处理污泥在预处理阶段和厌氧消化阶段的总悬浮物和挥发性悬浮物去除率分别达54. 9%和61. 8%。超声联合热碱预处理不仅能促进污泥有机质破解,还能提高破解有机质的生物可利用性,极大改善污泥厌氧消化效率。
Semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic digestion assays were performed to assess the influence of combined ultrasonic,thermo-alkaline pretreatment on biodegradability of waste activated sludge( WAS). The pretreated WAS was obtained at optimal conditions of temperature 73 ℃,alkaline dosage 0. 085 g · g~(-1)total solids( TS) and specific energy9 551 k J·kg~(-1)TS. During anaerobic digestion,the average daily methane production of pretreated WAS was as high as234 mL,which was 1. 94 times that of untreated WAS. Furthermore,modified-Gompertz model was introduced to predict the methane production and evaluate the kinetic parameters. The modified-Gompertz models( R2: 0. 998 and 0. 993 for pretreated and untreated WAS,respectively) show good fit to the experimental results. For pretreated WAS,kinetic constants of methane production model using modified-Gompertz were P( methane production potential,5 376. 4 mL), Rm( maximum methane production rate,394. 8 mL·d~(-1)),λ( minimum time to produce methane,2. 8 days). Besides,the ratio of methane conversion of pretreated WAS achieved at 82. 17%. During anaerobic digestion,concentrations of soluble chemical oxygen demand( SCOD),soluble protein( SP),and soluble carbohydrates( SC) of pretreated WAS were much higher than that of the untreated WAS. Therefore,the reductions of total suspended solids( TSS) and volatile suspended solids( VSS) were 54. 9% and 61. 8% for pretreated WAS after pretreatment and anaerobic digestion. Based on results obtained above,it is suggested that combined ultrasonic,thermo-alkaline pretreatment improves sludge disintegration as well as increases biodegradability,resulting to anaerobic digestion enhancement.
Semi-continuous mesophilic anaerobic digestion assays were performed to assess the influence of combined ultrasonic,thermo-alkaline pretreatment on biodegradability of waste activated sludge( WAS). The pretreated WAS was obtained at optimal conditions of temperature 73 ℃,alkaline dosage 0. 085 g · g~(-1)total solids( TS) and specific energy9 551 k J·kg~(-1)TS. During anaerobic digestion,the average daily methane production of pretreated WAS was as high as234 mL,which was 1. 94 times that of untreated WAS. Furthermore,modified-Gompertz model was introduced to predict the methane production and evaluate the kinetic parameters. The modified-Gompertz models( R2: 0. 998 and 0. 993 for pretreated and untreated WAS,respectively) show good fit to the experimental results. For pretreated WAS,kinetic constants of methane production model using modified-Gompertz were P( methane production potential,5 376. 4 mL), Rm( maximum methane production rate,394. 8 mL·d~(-1)),λ( minimum time to produce methane,2. 8 days). Besides,the ratio of methane conversion of pretreated WAS achieved at 82. 17%. During anaerobic digestion,concentrations of soluble chemical oxygen demand( SCOD),soluble protein( SP),and soluble carbohydrates( SC) of pretreated WAS were much higher than that of the untreated WAS. Therefore,the reductions of total suspended solids( TSS) and volatile suspended solids( VSS) were 54. 9% and 61. 8% for pretreated WAS after pretreatment and anaerobic digestion. Based on results obtained above,it is suggested that combined ultrasonic,thermo-alkaline pretreatment improves sludge disintegration as well as increases biodegradability,resulting to anaerobic digestion enhancement.
引文
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[9]刘阳,曾薇,韩玉伟,等.热水解预处理对剩余污泥可生物降解性的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(8):4445-4450.[LIU Yang,ZENG Wei,HAN Yu-wei,et al. Biodegradability of Waste Activated Sludge Enhanced by Thermal Hydrolysis Pretreatment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(8):4445-4450.]
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[12]郭思宇,彭永臻,李夕耀,等.热处理对剩余污泥中温厌氧消化的影响[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(6):2106-2113.[GUO Si-yu,PENG Yong-zhen,LI Xi-yao,et al.Effect of Thermal Hydrolysis Pretreatment on Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Excess Sludge[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(6):2106-2113.]
[13]徐慧敏,秦卫华,何国富,等.超声联合热碱技术促进剩余污泥破解的参数优化[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(9):3431-3436.[XU Hui-min,QIN Wei-hua,HE Guo-fu,et al. Optimization of Combined Ultrasonic and Thermo-Chemical Pretreatment of Waste Activated Sludge for Enhanced Disintegration[J]. China Environmental Science,2017,37(9):3431-3436.]
[14]杨洁.碱和超声波预处理技术促进污泥厌氧消化效能及机理研究[D].天津:天津大学,2008.[YANG Jie.Characteristics and Mechanism of Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge by Alkaline and Ultrasonic Pretreatment[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2008.]
[15] MAAMRI S,AMARANI M. Biogas Production From Waste Activated Sludge Using Cattle Dung Inoculums:Effect of Total Solid Contents and Kinetics Study[J].Energy Procedia,2014,50:352-359.
[16] HOUTMEYERS S,DEGREVE J,WILLEMS K,et al. Comparing the Influence of Low Power Ultrasonic and Microwave Pre-Treatments on the Solubilisation and Semi-Continuous Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,171:44-49.
[17] GUO H G,DU L Z,LIANG J F,et al. Influence of AlkalineThermal Pretreatment on High-Solids Anaerobic Digestion of Dewatered Activated Sludge[J]. BioResources,2017,12(1). doi:10. 15376/biores.12. 1. 195-210.
[18]付志敏,陶兰兰,徐静,等.中温碱解预处理促进剩余污泥厌氧产甲烷的研究[J].环境工程,2016,34(1):91-95.[FU Zhimin,TAO Lan-lan,XU Jing,et al. Research of Alkaline Pretreatment Promoting Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Excess Sludge and Methane Production[J]. Environmental Engineering,2016,34(1):91-95.]
[19]杨洁,季民,韩育宏,等.污泥碱解和超声破解预处理的效果研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(4):1002-1006.[YANG Jie,JI Min,HAN Yu-hong,et al.Effect of Alkaline and Ultrasonic Pretreatment on the Sludge Disintegration[J]. Environmental Science,2008,29(4):1002-1006.]
[20] GB 18918—2002,城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准[S].[GB18918-2002,Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Waste-Water Treatment Plant[S].]
[21]爦AHINKAYA S,SEVIMLI M F. Sono-Thermal Pre-Treatment of Waste Activated Sludge Before Anaerobic Digestion[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2013,20(1):587-594.
[22]爦AHINKAYA S,SEVIMLI M F. Synergistic Effects of SonoAlkaline Pretreatment on Anaerobic Biodegradability of Waste Activated Sludge[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,2013,19(1):197-206.
[2]董慧峪,季民.剩余污泥厌氧消化甲烷生成势与产甲烷菌群多样性的比较研究[J].环境科学,2014,35(4):1421-1427.[DONG Hui-yu,JI Min.Comparative Study on Biological Methane Potential and Methanogen Biodiversity in the Anaerobic Digestion of Excess Sludge[J]. Environmental Science,2014,35(4):1421-1427.]
[3] TIAN X B,WANG C,TRZCINSKI A P,et al.Insights on the Solubilization Products After Combined Alkaline and Ultrasonic PreTreatment of Sewage Sludge[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2015,29(3):97-105.
[4] ZHEN G Y,LU X Q,LI Y Y,et al. Combined Electrical-Alkali Pretreatment to Increase the Anaerobic Hydrolysis Rate of Waste Activated Sludge During Anaerobic Digestion[J].Applied Energy,2014,128:93-102.
[5] BOUGRIER C,ALBASI C,DELGENES J P,et al.Effect of Ultrasonic,Thermal and Ozone Pre-Treatments on Waste Activated Sludge Solubilisation and Anaerobic Biodegradability[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing Process Intensification,2006,45(8):711-718.
[6] TYAGI V K,LO S L.Application of Physico-Chemical Pretreatment Methods to Enhance the Sludge Disintegration and Subsequent Anaerobic Digestion:An up to Date Review[J]. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology,2011,10(3):215-242.
[7] YAN Y Y,CHEN H L,XU W Y,et al. Enhancement of Biochemical Methane Potential From Excess Sludge With Low Organic Content by Mild Thermal Pretreatment[J]. Biochemical Engineering Journal,2013,70:127-134.
[8]邱春生,杜广春,骆尚廉,等.预处理方式对剩余污泥水解及厌氧产甲烷性能的影响[J].环境工程,2016,34(3):133-136.[QIU Chun-sheng,DU Guang-chun,LUO Shang-lian,et al.Effects of Different Pretreatment of Excess Sludge on Its Hydrolysis and Anaerobic Methane Production[J]. Environmental Engineering,2016,34(3):133-136.]
[9]刘阳,曾薇,韩玉伟,等.热水解预处理对剩余污泥可生物降解性的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(8):4445-4450.[LIU Yang,ZENG Wei,HAN Yu-wei,et al. Biodegradability of Waste Activated Sludge Enhanced by Thermal Hydrolysis Pretreatment[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(8):4445-4450.]
[10] RIAU V,RUBIA M A D L,PEREZ M.Upgrading the TemperaturePhased Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge by Ultrasonic Pretreatment[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2015,259:672-681.
[11]陈思思,戴晓虎,薛勇刚,等.影响高含固厌氧消化性能的主要因素研究进展[J].化工进展,2015,34(3):831-839.[CHEN Si-si,DAI Xiao-hu,XUE Yong-gang,et al.Research Progress of the Main Factors Influencing Properties of High-Solid Anaerobic Digestion[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2015,34(3):831-839.]
[12]郭思宇,彭永臻,李夕耀,等.热处理对剩余污泥中温厌氧消化的影响[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(6):2106-2113.[GUO Si-yu,PENG Yong-zhen,LI Xi-yao,et al.Effect of Thermal Hydrolysis Pretreatment on Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Excess Sludge[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(6):2106-2113.]
[13]徐慧敏,秦卫华,何国富,等.超声联合热碱技术促进剩余污泥破解的参数优化[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(9):3431-3436.[XU Hui-min,QIN Wei-hua,HE Guo-fu,et al. Optimization of Combined Ultrasonic and Thermo-Chemical Pretreatment of Waste Activated Sludge for Enhanced Disintegration[J]. China Environmental Science,2017,37(9):3431-3436.]
[14]杨洁.碱和超声波预处理技术促进污泥厌氧消化效能及机理研究[D].天津:天津大学,2008.[YANG Jie.Characteristics and Mechanism of Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge by Alkaline and Ultrasonic Pretreatment[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2008.]
[15] MAAMRI S,AMARANI M. Biogas Production From Waste Activated Sludge Using Cattle Dung Inoculums:Effect of Total Solid Contents and Kinetics Study[J].Energy Procedia,2014,50:352-359.
[16] HOUTMEYERS S,DEGREVE J,WILLEMS K,et al. Comparing the Influence of Low Power Ultrasonic and Microwave Pre-Treatments on the Solubilisation and Semi-Continuous Anaerobic Digestion of Waste Activated Sludge[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,171:44-49.
[17] GUO H G,DU L Z,LIANG J F,et al. Influence of AlkalineThermal Pretreatment on High-Solids Anaerobic Digestion of Dewatered Activated Sludge[J]. BioResources,2017,12(1). doi:10. 15376/biores.12. 1. 195-210.
[18]付志敏,陶兰兰,徐静,等.中温碱解预处理促进剩余污泥厌氧产甲烷的研究[J].环境工程,2016,34(1):91-95.[FU Zhimin,TAO Lan-lan,XU Jing,et al. Research of Alkaline Pretreatment Promoting Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Excess Sludge and Methane Production[J]. Environmental Engineering,2016,34(1):91-95.]
[19]杨洁,季民,韩育宏,等.污泥碱解和超声破解预处理的效果研究[J].环境科学,2008,29(4):1002-1006.[YANG Jie,JI Min,HAN Yu-hong,et al.Effect of Alkaline and Ultrasonic Pretreatment on the Sludge Disintegration[J]. Environmental Science,2008,29(4):1002-1006.]
[20] GB 18918—2002,城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准[S].[GB18918-2002,Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Waste-Water Treatment Plant[S].]
[21]爦AHINKAYA S,SEVIMLI M F. Sono-Thermal Pre-Treatment of Waste Activated Sludge Before Anaerobic Digestion[J].Ultrasonics Sonochemistry,2013,20(1):587-594.
[22]爦AHINKAYA S,SEVIMLI M F. Synergistic Effects of SonoAlkaline Pretreatment on Anaerobic Biodegradability of Waste Activated Sludge[J]. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,2013,19(1):197-206.