蓖麻镶嵌系与雌性系间的生理差异研究
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摘要
【目的】研究蓖麻镶嵌系与雌性系间的生理差异,为蓖麻性别分化调控及其育种应用提供参考。【方法】以相同遗传背景的蓖麻镶嵌系和蓖麻雌性系为材料,分别在现蕾期和盛花期对叶片叶绿素相对含量、净光合速率、可溶性营养物质及内源激素进行分析。【结果】现蕾期,镶嵌系蓖麻的可溶性糖和细胞分裂素含量显著高于雌性系,比雌性系分别高36.9%、61.5%,赤霉素含量显著低于雌性系,为25.6%。盛花期,蓖麻镶嵌系叶绿素相对含量、净光合速率、赤霉素、生长素和乙烯含量比雌性系显著升高,分别为15.2%、23.3%、13.8%、33.5%、73.8%,可溶性糖、可溶性淀粉和脱落酸含量显著下降,分别为38.0%、54.9%、14.8%。【结论】蓖麻镶嵌雄花的形成先以可溶性糖和细胞分裂素增加为特征,之后伴随营养物质消耗的增加、叶绿素含量与净光合速率的上升和赤霉素、生长素与乙烯水平的提高以及脱落酸水平的降低。
【Objective】The objective of this study was to analyze the physiological differences between the ISF line and the pistillate line of Ricinus communis L. and provide reference for the sex differentiation regulation of R. communis L. and its application in R. communis L. breeding.【Method】The chlorophyll relative content, net photosynthetic rate,soluble nutrients and endogenous hormones in leaves were analyzed at the bud stage and flowering stage by using the highly homozygous ISF line and pistillate line with the same genetic background as tested materials. 【Result】At the bud stage,the contents of soluble sugar and cytokinin of ISF line were significantly higher than those of pistillate line, with the increase of 36.9% and 61.5%, respectively and the gibberellin content of ISF line was significantly lower than that in pistillate line,with a decrease of 25.6%. At the flowering stage, the chlorophyll relative content, net photosynthetic rate, gibberellin,auxin and ethylene content in the ISF line were significantly higher than those in the pistillate line, with the increase by15.2%, 23.3%, 13.8%, 33.5% and 73.8% respectively, while the contents of soluble sugar, soluble starch and abscisic acid significantly decreased by 38.0%, 54.9% and 14.8%, respectively.【Conclusion】The formation of ISF was characterized by the increase of soluble sugar and cytokinin, followed by the obvious increase of nutrient consumption, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, contents of gibberellin, auxin and ethylene, and the decrease of abscisic acid concentration.
【Objective】The objective of this study was to analyze the physiological differences between the ISF line and the pistillate line of Ricinus communis L. and provide reference for the sex differentiation regulation of R. communis L. and its application in R. communis L. breeding.【Method】The chlorophyll relative content, net photosynthetic rate,soluble nutrients and endogenous hormones in leaves were analyzed at the bud stage and flowering stage by using the highly homozygous ISF line and pistillate line with the same genetic background as tested materials. 【Result】At the bud stage,the contents of soluble sugar and cytokinin of ISF line were significantly higher than those of pistillate line, with the increase of 36.9% and 61.5%, respectively and the gibberellin content of ISF line was significantly lower than that in pistillate line,with a decrease of 25.6%. At the flowering stage, the chlorophyll relative content, net photosynthetic rate, gibberellin,auxin and ethylene content in the ISF line were significantly higher than those in the pistillate line, with the increase by15.2%, 23.3%, 13.8%, 33.5% and 73.8% respectively, while the contents of soluble sugar, soluble starch and abscisic acid significantly decreased by 38.0%, 54.9% and 14.8%, respectively.【Conclusion】The formation of ISF was characterized by the increase of soluble sugar and cytokinin, followed by the obvious increase of nutrient consumption, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, contents of gibberellin, auxin and ethylene, and the decrease of abscisic acid concentration.
引文
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[2]YADAV P,ANJANI K.Assessment of variation in castor genetic resources for oil characteristics[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists’Society,2017,94(4):611-617.doi:10.1007/s11746-017-2961-7.
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[4]SHIFRISS O.Sex instability in Ricinus[J].Genetics,1956,41(2):265-280.doi:10.2307/2407003.
[5]田清震,郑洪源,郭志强.单雌蓖麻的研究与应用[J].中国油料作物学报,2 0 01,2 3(3):69-71,76.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1007-9084.2001.03.021.TIAN Q Z,ZHENG H Y,GUO Z Q.Research and application of pistillate castor[J].Chinese journal of oil crop sciences,2001,23(3):69-71.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1007-9084.2001.03.021.
[6]SHIFRISS O.Conventional and unconventional systems controlling sex variations in Ricinus[J].Journal of Genetics,1960,57(2-3):361-388.doi:10.1007/BF02987242.
[7]CLAASEN C E,HUFFMAN A.The inheritance of the pistillate character in castors and its possible utilization in the production of commercial hybrid seed[J].Agronomy Journal,1950,42(2):79-82.doi:10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60769-5.
[8]张维锋,梁一刚.蓖麻单雌性状遗传研究[J].遗传,1993,15(2):28-32.ZHANG W F,LIANG Y G.The genetic study on the pistillate characters in castor[J].Hereditas,1993,15(2):28-32.
[9]ZIMMERMAN L H,SMITH J D.Production of F1 seed in castor beans by use of sex genes sensitive to environment[J].Crop Science,1966,6(5):406-409.doi:10.2135/cropsci1966.0011183X000600050005x.
[10]WILLIAM L,GEORGE J R,SHIFRISS O.Interspersed sexuality in Ricinus[J].Genetics,1967,57(2):347-356.doi:10.1007/BF01507459.
[11]LAVANY C.Sensitivity of sex expression and sex variation in castor(Ricinus communis L.)to environmental changes[J].Indian Journal of Genetics&Plant Breeding,2002,62(3):232-237.
[12]LU J,SHI Y,YIN X,LIU S,LIU C,WEN D,LI W,HE X L,Y T.The genetic mechanism if sex type,a complex quantitative trait,in Ricinus communis L.[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2019,128:590-598.
[13]TAN M,XUE J,WANG L,HUANG J,FU C,YAN X.Transcriptomic analysis for different sex types of Ricinus communis L.during development from apical buds to inflorescences by digital gene expression profiling[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2016,6:1-16.doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.01208.
[14]汪磊,谭美莲,严明芳,王力军,严兴初.蓖麻花序特征及花芽分化的初步研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2012,34(5):544-550.WANG L,TAN M L,YAN M F,WANG L J,YAN X C.Initial research on inflorescence characteristics and flower bud differentiation of Ricinus communis L.[J].Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences,2012,34(5):544-550.
[15]文淡悠.蓖麻性别相关基因RcACS5和RcHK1的克隆与表达分析[D].湛江:广东海洋大学,2014.WEN D Y.Cloning and expression analysis of sex related genes Rc ACS5 and Rc HK1 in castor(Ricinus communis L.)[D].Zhanjiang:Guangdong Ocean University,2014.
[16]SHIFRISS O.Gibberellin as sex regulator in Ricinus communis[J].Science,1961,133:2061-2062.doi:10.1126/science.133.3470.2061.
[17]谭美莲,严明芳,汪磊,严兴初.化学药剂处理对蓖麻性别的影响[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(3):164-169.TAN M L,YAN M F,WANG L,YAN X C.Effect of chemical treatments on sex expression of Ricinus communis[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2011,27(3):164-169.
[18]代梦媛,高梅,郭丽芬,李文昌.3种赤霉素合成抑制剂对蓖麻株高和开花的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(10):1618-1622.doi:CNKI:SUN:SXLX.0.2018-10-010.DAI M Y,GAO M,GUO L F,LI W C.Effects of three gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitors on plant height and flowering of Ricinus communis[J].Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2018,46(10):1618-1622.doi:CNKI:SUN:SXLX.0.2018-10-010.
[19]LAKSHMAMMA P,LAKSHMI P,LAVANYA C.Physiological manipulation of sex expression in a pistillate line of castor(Ricinus communis L.)[J].Journal.Oilseeds Research,2002,19(1):104-106.
[20]KUMAR N R,RAO P G.Influence of kinetin and morphactin on changes in sex expression,carbohydrate and nitrogen fractions in castor(Ricinus communis L.)[J].Proceedings Plant Sciences,1980,89(6):457-464.doi:10.1007/bf03046174.
[21]KUMAR R,PATEL J A,PATIDAR D,PATEL N,PATEL S,SAPRF S,SHAH R.Effect of ethrel spray on ISF induction in pistillate line of castor SKP-84[J].Journal of Oilseeds Research,2015,32(1):100-101.
[22]DHEDHID K K,DANGARIA C J,GHELANI Y H,JOSHI H.Effect of chemicals on sex expression,growth and yield quality of pistillate parent during castor hybrid(GCH 6)seed production[J].Research on Crops,2010,11(3):749-752.doi:10.1590/S1413-41522008000300013.
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