酒西地区白垩系地层新型PDC钻头技术及应用
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摘要
酒西地区白垩系地层压实程度高,岩性变化频繁,非均质、研磨性强,可钻性差,导致机械钻速慢,单只钻头进尺低,钻井周期长。鉴于此,在深入分析该地层岩性及岩石力学特性基础上,针对性地开展了尖圆齿和非平面齿新型高效PDC钻头的提速增效试验研究。研究结果表明:尖圆齿PDC钻头在青2-81井白垩系上部白云质泥岩和砂岩地层平均机械钻速1. 82 m/h,比邻井同井段提高54%,单只钻头进尺317 m,比邻井同井段提高94%;非平面齿PDC钻头在窿17井白垩系下部含砾地层平均机械钻速1. 55 m/h,比邻井同井段提高49%,单只钻头进尺334 m,比邻井同井段提高234%。研究成果为酒西地区及其他油田复杂地层钻井提速增效提供了新思路。
The Cretaceous formation in the Jiuxi region has the features of high formation compaction degree,frequent lithological changes,high heterogeneity,high abrasiveness and poor drillability,resulting in low ROP,short footage and long drilling cycle. To address the problem,based on the in-depth analysis of the lithology and rock mechanics characteristics of the formation,the study on the speed and efficency increasing of the novel highefficiency PDC bit with sharp-circular cutter and non-planar cutter is carried out. The results show that the sharpcircular cutter PDC bit has an average ROP of 1. 82 m/h and a single bit footage of 317 m in drilling the upper part of the Cretaceous mudstone and sandstone formation in the Well Qing-2-81,which is 54% and 94% higher than that in the offset wells. The non-planar cutter PDC bit has an average ROP of 1. 55 m/h and a single bit footage of 334 m in drilling the gravel formation in the lower Cretaceous in the Well Long17,which is 49% and 234% higher than that in the offset wells. The study results provide new ideas for speed and efficiency increasing in complex formations in the Jiuxi region and other oil fields.
The Cretaceous formation in the Jiuxi region has the features of high formation compaction degree,frequent lithological changes,high heterogeneity,high abrasiveness and poor drillability,resulting in low ROP,short footage and long drilling cycle. To address the problem,based on the in-depth analysis of the lithology and rock mechanics characteristics of the formation,the study on the speed and efficency increasing of the novel highefficiency PDC bit with sharp-circular cutter and non-planar cutter is carried out. The results show that the sharpcircular cutter PDC bit has an average ROP of 1. 82 m/h and a single bit footage of 317 m in drilling the upper part of the Cretaceous mudstone and sandstone formation in the Well Qing-2-81,which is 54% and 94% higher than that in the offset wells. The non-planar cutter PDC bit has an average ROP of 1. 55 m/h and a single bit footage of 334 m in drilling the gravel formation in the lower Cretaceous in the Well Long17,which is 49% and 234% higher than that in the offset wells. The study results provide new ideas for speed and efficiency increasing in complex formations in the Jiuxi region and other oil fields.
引文
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[6]郑荣才,文华国,范铭涛,等.酒西盆地下沟组湖相白烟型喷流岩岩石学特征[J].岩石学报,2006,22(12):3027-3038ZHENG R C,WEN H G,FAN M T,et al.Lithological characteristics of sublacustrine white smoke type exhalative rock of the Xiagou formation in Jiuxi basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinca,2006,22(12):3027-3038.
[7]孔栋梁.底砾岩地层PDC钻头损坏机理及钻头优化设计研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2011.KONG D L.Study on the breakage mechanism and the optimization design of PDC bit in basal conglomerate formations[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum(Huadong),2011.
[8]朱海燕,邓金根,朱晓梅,等.砂砾岩地层的岩石力学特性及钻头优化方法[J].科技导报,2013,31(5/6):76-80.ZHU H Y,DENG J G,ZHU X M,et al.Rock mechanics properties glutenite formation and bit structure optimization[J].Science&Technology Review,2013,31(5/6):76-80
[9]ARMOUR J E,SANKAR R,THOMSON I,et al.Depth analysis of drilling dynamics data solves server vibration issues drilling interbeded sand/shale sequences in 3Ddirectional well profiles[R].SPE 122051,2009.
[10]翁炜.含砾夹层用PDC钻头研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2008.WENG W.The study of PDC drilling bit for interbedded formation with gravel[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2008.
[11]高绍智,张建华,李天明,等.适用于砾石夹层钻进的PDC钻头[J].石油钻采工艺,2006,28(4):20-21,28.GAO S Z,ZHANG J H,LI T M,et al.Research on PDC bit for drilling in gravel interlayer[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2006,28(4):20-21,28.
[12]潘军,王敏生,光新军.PDC钻头新进展及发展思考[J].石油机械,2016,44(11):5-13.PAN J,WANG M S,GUANG X J.New progress and future development of PDC bit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2016,44(11):5-13.
[13]李美求,李嘉文,李宁,等.周向冲击扭矩作用下PDC钻头的黏滑振动分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(3):287-292.LI M Q,LI J W,LI N,et al.Analysis on the stickslip vibration of PDC bit under the effect of circumferential torque impact[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(3):287-292.
[14]王滨,邹德永,李军,等.深部及复杂地层中PDC钻头综合改进方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(1):44-51.WANG B,ZOU D Y,LI J,et al.A comprehensive method to improve the performance of PDC bits in deep and complex formations[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(1):44-51.
[15]郑家伟.国外金刚石钻头的新进展[J].石油机械,2016,44(8):31-36.ZHENG J W.New development in foreign diamond drill bit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2016,44(8):31-36.
[16]PEYTCHEV P,MALIK S D,VARCHESE R,et al.solving hard/abrasive sedimentary and igneous formation challenge:new PDC bit design reduces 6-in section drilling time by 47%[R].SPE 165817,2013.
[17]MICHAEL A,SEGAL W A.Steven pointing towards improved PDC bit performance:innovative conical shaped polycrystalline diamond element achieves higher ROP and total footage[R].SPE 166755,2013.
[2]范铭涛,王崇孝,田多文,等.酒西盆地青西油田裂缝性油藏描述[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(增刊1):88-92.FAN M T,WANG C X,TIAN D W,et al.Characteristics of fractured reservoirs in Qingxi oilfield,Jiuxi basin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(S1):88-92.
[3]何亮,尹太举,张文旗,等.泥云岩储层成因机理及其特征研究---以酒西盆地青西凹陷下沟组泥云岩储层为例[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(32):176-182.HE L,YIN T J,ZHANG W Q,et al.Research on the formation mechanisms and reservoir characterization of argillaceous dolomites and dolomitic mudstones reservoir:a case study of Xiagou formation Qingxi sag in Jiuxi basin[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(32):176-182.
[4]薛沛霖,旷红伟,柳永清,等.甘肃酒泉西部地区下白垩统下沟组-中沟组沉积相特征与早白垩世盆地演化[J].地质通报,2013,32(2):476-487.XUE P L,KUANG H W,LIU Y Q,et al.Sedimentary facies of the early cretaceous xiagou formation and zhonggou formation and basin-evolution in western Jiuquan,Gansu province[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2013,32(2):476-487.
[5]杨红梅,汪满福,杨麟科,等.青西油田下白垩统下沟组泥云岩储集层特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(6):47-50YANG H M,WANG M F,YANG L K,et al.Reservoir character of politic dolostone in the Xiagou formation,lower cretaceous,Qingxi oilfield,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(6):47-50.
[6]郑荣才,文华国,范铭涛,等.酒西盆地下沟组湖相白烟型喷流岩岩石学特征[J].岩石学报,2006,22(12):3027-3038ZHENG R C,WEN H G,FAN M T,et al.Lithological characteristics of sublacustrine white smoke type exhalative rock of the Xiagou formation in Jiuxi basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinca,2006,22(12):3027-3038.
[7]孔栋梁.底砾岩地层PDC钻头损坏机理及钻头优化设计研究[D].东营:中国石油大学(华东),2011.KONG D L.Study on the breakage mechanism and the optimization design of PDC bit in basal conglomerate formations[D].Dongying:China University of Petroleum(Huadong),2011.
[8]朱海燕,邓金根,朱晓梅,等.砂砾岩地层的岩石力学特性及钻头优化方法[J].科技导报,2013,31(5/6):76-80.ZHU H Y,DENG J G,ZHU X M,et al.Rock mechanics properties glutenite formation and bit structure optimization[J].Science&Technology Review,2013,31(5/6):76-80
[9]ARMOUR J E,SANKAR R,THOMSON I,et al.Depth analysis of drilling dynamics data solves server vibration issues drilling interbeded sand/shale sequences in 3Ddirectional well profiles[R].SPE 122051,2009.
[10]翁炜.含砾夹层用PDC钻头研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2008.WENG W.The study of PDC drilling bit for interbedded formation with gravel[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2008.
[11]高绍智,张建华,李天明,等.适用于砾石夹层钻进的PDC钻头[J].石油钻采工艺,2006,28(4):20-21,28.GAO S Z,ZHANG J H,LI T M,et al.Research on PDC bit for drilling in gravel interlayer[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2006,28(4):20-21,28.
[12]潘军,王敏生,光新军.PDC钻头新进展及发展思考[J].石油机械,2016,44(11):5-13.PAN J,WANG M S,GUANG X J.New progress and future development of PDC bit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2016,44(11):5-13.
[13]李美求,李嘉文,李宁,等.周向冲击扭矩作用下PDC钻头的黏滑振动分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(3):287-292.LI M Q,LI J W,LI N,et al.Analysis on the stickslip vibration of PDC bit under the effect of circumferential torque impact[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(3):287-292.
[14]王滨,邹德永,李军,等.深部及复杂地层中PDC钻头综合改进方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(1):44-51.WANG B,ZOU D Y,LI J,et al.A comprehensive method to improve the performance of PDC bits in deep and complex formations[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(1):44-51.
[15]郑家伟.国外金刚石钻头的新进展[J].石油机械,2016,44(8):31-36.ZHENG J W.New development in foreign diamond drill bit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2016,44(8):31-36.
[16]PEYTCHEV P,MALIK S D,VARCHESE R,et al.solving hard/abrasive sedimentary and igneous formation challenge:new PDC bit design reduces 6-in section drilling time by 47%[R].SPE 165817,2013.
[17]MICHAEL A,SEGAL W A.Steven pointing towards improved PDC bit performance:innovative conical shaped polycrystalline diamond element achieves higher ROP and total footage[R].SPE 166755,2013.