极近距离煤层固体充填充实率协同控制覆岩运移规律研究
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摘要
针对南屯煤矿工广区域下极近距离煤层难以安全回收的问题,采用物理模拟、数值模拟和概率积分法相结合的方法,研究了极近距离煤层固体充填开采充实率协同控制覆岩运移规律。通过对比垮落法与固体充填法开采条件下的覆岩运移特征,得到了极近距离煤层覆岩运移控制关键。通过模拟分析不同充实率条件下极近距离煤层固体充填开采的覆岩运移规律,揭示了上下煤层充实率协同控制覆岩运移机理,从而实现极近距离煤层充实率的优化设计。最后利用概率积分法预计了极近距离煤层固体充填开采下的协同控制效果。结果表明:上下煤层充实率均为80%时可保证工广煤柱回收时地表建筑物的安全稳定。
In response to the difficulty in safe extraction of the ultra-close coal seams in Nantun industrial square area, the law of overlying strata movement coordinated with the compression ratio of backfilling solid in ultra-close coal seams is studied through the method integrating physical simulation, numerical simulation and probability. Through the comparison of the characteristics of overlying strata movement under the conditions of traditional caving and solid backfill mining, the key to control the overlying strata movement in ultra-close coal seams is obtained. Based on the law of the overlying strata movement under different compression ratios, the mechanism of the upper and lower coal seam compression ratio coordinated with the overlying strata movement is revealed and the compression ratio in the ultra-close coal seam is optimized. Finally, the cooperative control effect of backfilling solid mining in ultra-close coal seam is predicted by probability integration method. The results have shown that when the compression rate of the upper and lower coal seams is 80%, it can ensure the safety and stability of the surface buildings when the industrial coal pillars are recovered.
In response to the difficulty in safe extraction of the ultra-close coal seams in Nantun industrial square area, the law of overlying strata movement coordinated with the compression ratio of backfilling solid in ultra-close coal seams is studied through the method integrating physical simulation, numerical simulation and probability. Through the comparison of the characteristics of overlying strata movement under the conditions of traditional caving and solid backfill mining, the key to control the overlying strata movement in ultra-close coal seams is obtained. Based on the law of the overlying strata movement under different compression ratios, the mechanism of the upper and lower coal seam compression ratio coordinated with the overlying strata movement is revealed and the compression ratio in the ultra-close coal seam is optimized. Finally, the cooperative control effect of backfilling solid mining in ultra-close coal seam is predicted by probability integration method. The results have shown that when the compression rate of the upper and lower coal seams is 80%, it can ensure the safety and stability of the surface buildings when the industrial coal pillars are recovered.
引文
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[17]施龙青,徐东晶,邱梅,等.采场底板破坏深度计算公式的改进[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(2):299-303.SHI Longqing,XU Dongjing,QIU Mei,et al.Improved on the formula about the depth of damaged floor in working area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(2):299-303.
[18]于斌.多煤层上覆破断顶板群结构演化及其对下煤层开采的影响[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(2):261-266.YU Bin.Structural evolution of breaking roof group of multiple coal seams and its influence on lower coal seam mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(2):261-266.
[19]DIAO Xinpeng,WU Kan,HU Dahe,et al.Combining differential SAR interferometry and the probability integral method for three-dimensional deformation monitoring of mining areas[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2016,37(21):5196-5212.
[20]UNLU T,AKCIN H,YILMAZ O.An integrated approach for the prediction of subsidence for coal mining basins[J].Engineering Geology,2013,166(8):186-203.
[21]国家安全监管总局.建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规范[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2017:5-10.
[2]缪协兴.综合机械化固体充填采煤技术研究进展[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(8):1247-1255.MIU Xiexing.Progress of fully mechanized mining with solid backfilling technology[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(8):1247-1255.
[3]刘建功,赵庆彪.综合机械化充填采煤[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(9):1413-1418.LIU Jiangong,ZHAO Qingbiao.Comprehensive mechanized filling coal mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(9):1413-1418.
[4]ZHANG Jixiong,DENG Xuejie,ZHAO Xu,et al.Effective control and performance measurement of solid waste backfill in coal mining[J].International Journal of Surface Mining Reclamation&Environment,2016,31(2):91-104.
[5]黄艳利,张吉雄,张强,等.充填体压实率对综合机械化固体充填采煤岩层移动控制作用分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(2):162-167.HUANG Yanli,ZHANG Jixiong,ZHANG Qiang,et al.Strata movement control due to bulk factor of backfilling body in fully mechanized backfilling mining face[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(2):162-167.
[6]李猛,张吉雄,邓雪杰,等.含水层下固体充填保水开采方法与应用[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):127-133.LI Meng,ZHANG Jixiong,DENG Xuejie,et al.Method of water protection based on solid backfill mining under water bearing strata and its application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):127-133.
[7]周跃进,陈勇,张吉雄,等.充填开采充实率控制原理及技术研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(3):351-357.ZHOU Yuejin,CHEN Yong,ZHANG Jixiong,et al.Control Principle and Technology of Final Compression Ratio of Backfilling Materials[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(3):351-357.
[8]陈苏社,朱卫兵.活鸡兔井极近距离煤层煤柱下双巷布置研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2016,33(3):467-474.CHEN Sushe,ZHU Weibing.Study on double-roadway layout under section coal pillar of ultra-close upper coal seams in Huojitu mine[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2016,33(3):467-474.
[9]杨胜利,刘颢颢,李杨,等.极近距离煤层合层综放技术[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(3):371-376.YANG Shengli,LIU Haohao,LI Yang,et al.The technology on full mechanized caving with combine layers in very contiguous seams[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(3):371-376.
[10]孙春东,杨本生,刘超.1.0 m极近距离煤层联合开采矿压规律[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(9):1423-1428.SUN Chundong,YANG Bensheng,LIU Chao.Strata behavior regularity of 1.0 m very contiguous seams combined mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(9):1423-1428.
[11]YUAN Yong,TU Shihao,LU Lianning,et al.Unconventional staggered distance simultaneous mining theory in extremely close and thin coal seams and its application[J].Procedia Earth and Planetary Science,2009,1(1):288-293.
[12]王家臣,杨胜利,杨宝贵,等.长壁矸石充填开采上覆岩层移动特征模拟实验[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(8):1256-1262.WANG Jiachen,YANG Shengli,YANG Baogui,et al.Simulation experiment of overlying strata movement features of longwall with gangue backfill mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(8):1256-1262.
[13]左保成,陈从新,刘才华,等.相似材料试验研究[J].岩土力学,2004,25(11):1805-1808.ZUO Baocheng,CHEN Congxin,LIU Caihua,et al.Research in similar material of slope simulation experiment[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2004,25(11):1805-1808.
[14]冯国瑞,任亚峰,王鲜霞,等.采空区上覆煤层开采层间岩层移动变形实验研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(3):430-435.FENG Guorui,REN Yafeng,WANG Xianxia,et al.Experimental study on the movement and deformation of rock strata between coal seams in the coal mining above gob area[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,28(3):430-435.
[15]姚邦华,周海峰,陈龙.重复采动下覆岩裂隙发育规律模拟研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(3):443-446.YAO Banghua,ZHOU Haifeng,CHEN Long.Numerical simulation about fracture development in overlying rocks under repeated mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2010,27(3):443-446.
[16]李树清,何学秋,李绍泉,等.煤层群双重卸压开采覆岩移动及裂隙动态演化的实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(12):2146-2152.LI Shuqing,HE Xueqiu,LI Shaoquan,et al.Experimental research on strata movement and fracture dynamic evolution of double pressure-relief mining in coal seams group[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(12):2146-2152.
[17]施龙青,徐东晶,邱梅,等.采场底板破坏深度计算公式的改进[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(2):299-303.SHI Longqing,XU Dongjing,QIU Mei,et al.Improved on the formula about the depth of damaged floor in working area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(2):299-303.
[18]于斌.多煤层上覆破断顶板群结构演化及其对下煤层开采的影响[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(2):261-266.YU Bin.Structural evolution of breaking roof group of multiple coal seams and its influence on lower coal seam mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(2):261-266.
[19]DIAO Xinpeng,WU Kan,HU Dahe,et al.Combining differential SAR interferometry and the probability integral method for three-dimensional deformation monitoring of mining areas[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,2016,37(21):5196-5212.
[20]UNLU T,AKCIN H,YILMAZ O.An integrated approach for the prediction of subsidence for coal mining basins[J].Engineering Geology,2013,166(8):186-203.
[21]国家安全监管总局.建筑物、水体、铁路及主要井巷煤柱留设与压煤开采规范[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2017:5-10.