国内外城市绿地空间正义研究进展
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摘要
以科学引文索引(SCI)核心合集数据库和中国知网(CNKI)文献数据库为依据,借助Cite Space等科学计量工具,重点分析了2007—2017年10年中空间正义研究领域对"城市绿地"关注程度的变化,以及城市绿地空间正义研究兴起的脉络与研究进展。分析结果表明,2009年国际学术界开始出现与城市绿地有关的空间正义研究且热度逐年上升,其讨论的内容主要包括城市绿地的空间分配正义研究、城市绿地供给过程中的程序正义研究、空间正义视角下城市绿地的社会经济效益评估,以及缓解城市绿地非正义现象的相关策略研究等。中国对城市绿地空间正义的研究刚刚兴起,未来有可能与生态绅士化,城市基础设施的多目标利用、公众参与、大数据分析和社区规划等研究相关联。
Based on the scientific papers in the SCI core collection database and the CNKI literature database, by using several scientometrics analysis tools such as CiteSpace, this paper explores the evolution and progress of spatial justice research on urban green space(UGS) from 2007 to 2017. The results show that since the international academia began to study spatial justice on UGS in 2009, the research of this field has been rapidly developing.Those discussions mainly focus on four aspects: the distributive justice of UGS, procedural justice in the supply process of UGS,the evaluation of UGS's social and economic benefit, and the strategies for alleviating the inequality of UGS. Recent research on domestic UGS's spatial justice has just emerged. In the future,the research will pay attention to the definition of related concepts,as well as ecological gentrification, the multi-purpose use of urban infrastructure, public participation, big data analysis, and community planning.
Based on the scientific papers in the SCI core collection database and the CNKI literature database, by using several scientometrics analysis tools such as CiteSpace, this paper explores the evolution and progress of spatial justice research on urban green space(UGS) from 2007 to 2017. The results show that since the international academia began to study spatial justice on UGS in 2009, the research of this field has been rapidly developing.Those discussions mainly focus on four aspects: the distributive justice of UGS, procedural justice in the supply process of UGS,the evaluation of UGS's social and economic benefit, and the strategies for alleviating the inequality of UGS. Recent research on domestic UGS's spatial justice has just emerged. In the future,the research will pay attention to the definition of related concepts,as well as ecological gentrification, the multi-purpose use of urban infrastructure, public participation, big data analysis, and community planning.
引文
[1]Wolch J R,Byrne J,Newell J P.Urban green space,public health,and environmental justice:The challenge of making cities'just green enough'[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2014,125(SI):234-244.
[2]Ibes D C.A multi-dimensional classification and equity analysis of an urban park system:A novel methodology and case study application[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,137:122-137.
[3]Dobbs C,Nitschke C,Kendal D.Assessing the drivers shaping global patterns of urban vegetation landscape structure[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,592:171-177.
[4]Cohen M,Baudoin R,Palibrk M,et al.Urban biodiversity and social inequalities in built-up cities:New evidences,next questions.The example of Paris,France[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2012,106(3):277-287.
[5]Dai D.Racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in urban green space accessibility:Where to intervene?[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2011,102(4):234-244.
[6]Wüstemann H,Kalisch D,Kolbe J.Access to urban green space and environmental inequalities in Germany[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,164(Supplement C):124-131.
[7]Abercrombie L C,Sallis J F,Conway T L,et al.Income and Racial Disparities in Access to Public Parks and Private Recreation Facilities[J].American Journal of Preventive Medicine,2008,34(1):9-15.
[8]Dahmann N,Wolch J,Joassart-Marcelli P,et al.The active city?Disparities in provision of urban public recreation resources[J].Health&Place,2010,16(3):431-445.
[9]Comber A,Brunsdon C,Green E.Using a GIS-based network analysis to determine urban greenspace accessibility for different ethnic and religious groups[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2008,86(1):103-114.
[10]Kabisch N,Haase D.Green justice or just green?Provision of urban green spaces in Berlin,Germany[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2014,122(Supplement C):129-139.
[11]Rutt R L,Gulsrud N M.Green justice in the city:Anew agenda for urban green space research in Europe[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2016,19(Supplement C):123-127.
[12]张京祥,胡毅.基于社会空间正义的转型期中国城市更新批判[J].规划师,2012(12):5-9.
[13]高春花.居住空间正义缺失的表现、原因及解决路径:以爱德华·苏贾为例[J].伦理学研究,2015(1):113-117.
[14]张鸿雁.空间正义:空间剩余价值与房地产市场理论重构--新城市社会学的视角[J].社会科学,2017(1):53-63.
[15]胡毅,张京祥.中国城市住区更新的解读与重构:走向空间正义的空间生产[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2015.
[16]Li Z,Wu F.Tenure-Based Residential Segregation in Post-Reform Chinese Cities:A Case Study of Shanghai[J].Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,2008,33(3):404-419.
[17]Fan P,Xu L,Yue W,et al.Accessibility of public urban green space in an urban periphery:The case of Shanghai[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,165:177-192.
[18]Xu M,Xin J,Su S,et al.Social inequalities of park accessibility in Shenzhen,China:The role of park quality,transport modes,and hierarchical socioeconomic characteristics[J].Journal of Transport Geography,2017,62:38-50.
[19]Wei F.Greener urbanization?Changing accessibility to parks in China[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,157:542-552.
[20]列斐伏尔.空间与政治[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2008.
[21]Soja E W.Seeking Spatial Justice[M].Minneapolis,Minnesota,USA:University of Minnesota Press,2010.
[22]唐子来,顾姝.上海市中心城区公共绿地分布的社会绩效评价:从地域公平到社会公平[J].城市规划学刊,2015(2):48-56.
[23]Tan P Y,Samsudin R.Effects of spatial scale on assessment of spatial equity of urban park provision[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,158:139-154.
[24]唐子来,顾姝.再议上海市中心城区公共绿地分布的社会绩效评价:从社会公平到社会正义[J].城市规划学刊,2016(1):15-21.
[25]Sister C,Wolch J,Wilson J,et al.Got green?addressing environmental justice in park provision[J].Geo Journal,2010,75(3):229-248.
[26]Watkins S L,Mincey S K,Vogt J,et al.Is Planting Equitable?An Examination of the Spatial Distribution of Nonprofit Urban Tree-Planting Programs by Canopy Cover,Income,Race,and Ethnicity[J].Environment and Behavior,2017,49(4):452-482.
[27]Pearce J R,Richardson E A,Mitchell R J,et al.Environmental justice and health:the implications of the socio-spatial distribution of multiple environmental deprivation for health inequalities in the United Kingdom[J].Transactions of the institute of British Geographers,2010,35(4):522-539.
[28]Wende H E W,Zarger R K,Mihelcic J R.Accessibility and usability:Green space preferences,perceptions,and barriers in a rapidly urbanizing city in Latin America[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2012,107(3):272-282.
[29]江海燕,肖荣波,周春山.广州中心城区公园绿地消费的社会分异特征及供给对策[J].规划师,2010(2):66-72.
[30]周锐.城乡公共服务设施可达性与公平性评价:以上海市城市公园为例[C]//新常态:传承与变革--2015中国城市规划年会论文集.2015.
[31]尹海伟,徐建刚.上海公园空间可达性与公平性分析[J].城市发展研究,2009(6):71-76.
[32]Xiao Y,Wang Z,Li Z,et al.An assessment of urban park access in Shanghai-Implications for the social equity in urban China[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,157(Supplement C):383-393.
[33]Schlosberg D.Defining Environmental Justice:Theories,Movements,and Nature[M].New York:Oxford University Press,2007.
[34]Cornwall A.Unpacking'Participation':models,meanings and practices[J].Community Development Journal,2008,43(3):269-283.
[35]Low S.Public space and diversity:Distributive,procedural and interactional justice for parks[M]//Young G.The Ashgate Research Companion to Planning and Culture.Surrey:Ashgate Publishing,2013:295-310.
[36]Fraser N.Scales of Justice:Reimagining Political Space in a Globalizing World[M].New York:Columbia University Press,2009.
[37]Friedmann J.China's Urban Transition[M].Minnesota:University of Minnesota Press,2005.
[38]Chen W Y,HU F Z Y.Producing nature for public:Land-based urbanization and provision of public green spaces in China[J].Applied Geography,2015,58(Supplement C):32-40.
[39]Zhao L,Chen W.Estimating urban green space production in the macroeconomy:From public goods to a profitable method of investment[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2018,33:16-26.
[40]Xiao Y,Lu Y,Guo Y,et al.Estimating the willingness to pay for green space services in Shanghai:Implications for social equity in urban China[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2017,26(Supplement C):95-103.
[41]Ngom R,Gosselin P,Blais C.Reduction of disparities in access to green spaces:Their geographic insertion and recreational functions matter[J].Applied Geography,2016,66:35-51.
[42]Dooling S.Ecological Gentrification:A Research Agenda Exploring Justice in the City[J].International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,2009,33(3):621-639.
[43]尹海伟,孔繁花,宗跃光.城市绿地可达性与公平性评价[J].生态学报,2008(7):3375-3383.
[44]Carter E D.Environmental Justice 2.0:new Latino environmentalism in Los Angeles[J].Local Environment:The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability,2016,21(1):3-23.
[45]Egoz S,De Nardi A.Defining landscape justice:the role of landscape in supporting wellbeing of migrants,a literature review[J].Landscape Research,2017,421(SI):S74-S89.
[46]Wolch J R,Byrne J,Newell J P.Urban green space,public health,and environmental justice:The challenge of making cities'just green enough'[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2014,125(Supplement C):234-244.
[47]Kitchen L.Are Trees Always'Good'?Urban Political Ecology and Environmental Justice in the Valleys of South Wales[J].International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,2013,37(6):1968-1983.
[48]Angelo H,Wachsmuth D.Urbanizing Urban Political Ecology:A Critique of Methodological Cityism[J].International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,2015,39(1):16-27.
[49]Curran W,Hamilton T.Just green enough:contesting environmental gentrification in Greenpoint,Brooklyn[J].Local Environment,2012,17(9):1027-1042.
[50]Heckert M,Rosan C D.Developing a green infrastructure equity index to promote equity planning[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2016,19:263-270.
[51]Wendel H E W,Downs J A,Mihelcic J R.Assessing Equitable Access to Urban Green Space:The Role of Engineered Water Infrastructure[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2011,45(16):6728-6734.
[52]Raymond C M,Gottwald S,Kuoppa J,et al.Integrating multiple elements of environmental justice into urban blue space planning using public participation geographic information systems[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2016,153:198-208.
[53]Laatikainen T,Tenkanen H,Kytta M,et al.Comparing conventional and PPGIS approaches in measuring equality of access to urban aquatic environments[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,144:22-33.
(1)Cite Space是一款由美籍华裔学者陈超美博士在科学计量学、数据可视化背景下开发的一款引文可视化分析软件,主要用以呈现科学知识的结构、规律和分布情况(详情见官网:http://cluster.cis.drexel.edu/~cchen/citespace/)。
(2)该部分以SCI中检索得到的46篇论文作为分析对象,部分论文涉及多个研究内容,因此统计结果总和大于46。
(3)Hedonic研究方法在用来评估公共物品的价值时被广泛应用,主要是利用房价来对影响房价的其他物品进行定量的价值评估手段。
[2]Ibes D C.A multi-dimensional classification and equity analysis of an urban park system:A novel methodology and case study application[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,137:122-137.
[3]Dobbs C,Nitschke C,Kendal D.Assessing the drivers shaping global patterns of urban vegetation landscape structure[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,592:171-177.
[4]Cohen M,Baudoin R,Palibrk M,et al.Urban biodiversity and social inequalities in built-up cities:New evidences,next questions.The example of Paris,France[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2012,106(3):277-287.
[5]Dai D.Racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in urban green space accessibility:Where to intervene?[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2011,102(4):234-244.
[6]Wüstemann H,Kalisch D,Kolbe J.Access to urban green space and environmental inequalities in Germany[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,164(Supplement C):124-131.
[7]Abercrombie L C,Sallis J F,Conway T L,et al.Income and Racial Disparities in Access to Public Parks and Private Recreation Facilities[J].American Journal of Preventive Medicine,2008,34(1):9-15.
[8]Dahmann N,Wolch J,Joassart-Marcelli P,et al.The active city?Disparities in provision of urban public recreation resources[J].Health&Place,2010,16(3):431-445.
[9]Comber A,Brunsdon C,Green E.Using a GIS-based network analysis to determine urban greenspace accessibility for different ethnic and religious groups[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2008,86(1):103-114.
[10]Kabisch N,Haase D.Green justice or just green?Provision of urban green spaces in Berlin,Germany[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2014,122(Supplement C):129-139.
[11]Rutt R L,Gulsrud N M.Green justice in the city:Anew agenda for urban green space research in Europe[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2016,19(Supplement C):123-127.
[12]张京祥,胡毅.基于社会空间正义的转型期中国城市更新批判[J].规划师,2012(12):5-9.
[13]高春花.居住空间正义缺失的表现、原因及解决路径:以爱德华·苏贾为例[J].伦理学研究,2015(1):113-117.
[14]张鸿雁.空间正义:空间剩余价值与房地产市场理论重构--新城市社会学的视角[J].社会科学,2017(1):53-63.
[15]胡毅,张京祥.中国城市住区更新的解读与重构:走向空间正义的空间生产[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2015.
[16]Li Z,Wu F.Tenure-Based Residential Segregation in Post-Reform Chinese Cities:A Case Study of Shanghai[J].Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,2008,33(3):404-419.
[17]Fan P,Xu L,Yue W,et al.Accessibility of public urban green space in an urban periphery:The case of Shanghai[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,165:177-192.
[18]Xu M,Xin J,Su S,et al.Social inequalities of park accessibility in Shenzhen,China:The role of park quality,transport modes,and hierarchical socioeconomic characteristics[J].Journal of Transport Geography,2017,62:38-50.
[19]Wei F.Greener urbanization?Changing accessibility to parks in China[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,157:542-552.
[20]列斐伏尔.空间与政治[M].上海:上海人民出版社,2008.
[21]Soja E W.Seeking Spatial Justice[M].Minneapolis,Minnesota,USA:University of Minnesota Press,2010.
[22]唐子来,顾姝.上海市中心城区公共绿地分布的社会绩效评价:从地域公平到社会公平[J].城市规划学刊,2015(2):48-56.
[23]Tan P Y,Samsudin R.Effects of spatial scale on assessment of spatial equity of urban park provision[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,158:139-154.
[24]唐子来,顾姝.再议上海市中心城区公共绿地分布的社会绩效评价:从社会公平到社会正义[J].城市规划学刊,2016(1):15-21.
[25]Sister C,Wolch J,Wilson J,et al.Got green?addressing environmental justice in park provision[J].Geo Journal,2010,75(3):229-248.
[26]Watkins S L,Mincey S K,Vogt J,et al.Is Planting Equitable?An Examination of the Spatial Distribution of Nonprofit Urban Tree-Planting Programs by Canopy Cover,Income,Race,and Ethnicity[J].Environment and Behavior,2017,49(4):452-482.
[27]Pearce J R,Richardson E A,Mitchell R J,et al.Environmental justice and health:the implications of the socio-spatial distribution of multiple environmental deprivation for health inequalities in the United Kingdom[J].Transactions of the institute of British Geographers,2010,35(4):522-539.
[28]Wende H E W,Zarger R K,Mihelcic J R.Accessibility and usability:Green space preferences,perceptions,and barriers in a rapidly urbanizing city in Latin America[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2012,107(3):272-282.
[29]江海燕,肖荣波,周春山.广州中心城区公园绿地消费的社会分异特征及供给对策[J].规划师,2010(2):66-72.
[30]周锐.城乡公共服务设施可达性与公平性评价:以上海市城市公园为例[C]//新常态:传承与变革--2015中国城市规划年会论文集.2015.
[31]尹海伟,徐建刚.上海公园空间可达性与公平性分析[J].城市发展研究,2009(6):71-76.
[32]Xiao Y,Wang Z,Li Z,et al.An assessment of urban park access in Shanghai-Implications for the social equity in urban China[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2017,157(Supplement C):383-393.
[33]Schlosberg D.Defining Environmental Justice:Theories,Movements,and Nature[M].New York:Oxford University Press,2007.
[34]Cornwall A.Unpacking'Participation':models,meanings and practices[J].Community Development Journal,2008,43(3):269-283.
[35]Low S.Public space and diversity:Distributive,procedural and interactional justice for parks[M]//Young G.The Ashgate Research Companion to Planning and Culture.Surrey:Ashgate Publishing,2013:295-310.
[36]Fraser N.Scales of Justice:Reimagining Political Space in a Globalizing World[M].New York:Columbia University Press,2009.
[37]Friedmann J.China's Urban Transition[M].Minnesota:University of Minnesota Press,2005.
[38]Chen W Y,HU F Z Y.Producing nature for public:Land-based urbanization and provision of public green spaces in China[J].Applied Geography,2015,58(Supplement C):32-40.
[39]Zhao L,Chen W.Estimating urban green space production in the macroeconomy:From public goods to a profitable method of investment[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2018,33:16-26.
[40]Xiao Y,Lu Y,Guo Y,et al.Estimating the willingness to pay for green space services in Shanghai:Implications for social equity in urban China[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2017,26(Supplement C):95-103.
[41]Ngom R,Gosselin P,Blais C.Reduction of disparities in access to green spaces:Their geographic insertion and recreational functions matter[J].Applied Geography,2016,66:35-51.
[42]Dooling S.Ecological Gentrification:A Research Agenda Exploring Justice in the City[J].International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,2009,33(3):621-639.
[43]尹海伟,孔繁花,宗跃光.城市绿地可达性与公平性评价[J].生态学报,2008(7):3375-3383.
[44]Carter E D.Environmental Justice 2.0:new Latino environmentalism in Los Angeles[J].Local Environment:The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability,2016,21(1):3-23.
[45]Egoz S,De Nardi A.Defining landscape justice:the role of landscape in supporting wellbeing of migrants,a literature review[J].Landscape Research,2017,421(SI):S74-S89.
[46]Wolch J R,Byrne J,Newell J P.Urban green space,public health,and environmental justice:The challenge of making cities'just green enough'[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2014,125(Supplement C):234-244.
[47]Kitchen L.Are Trees Always'Good'?Urban Political Ecology and Environmental Justice in the Valleys of South Wales[J].International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,2013,37(6):1968-1983.
[48]Angelo H,Wachsmuth D.Urbanizing Urban Political Ecology:A Critique of Methodological Cityism[J].International Journal of Urban and Regional Research,2015,39(1):16-27.
[49]Curran W,Hamilton T.Just green enough:contesting environmental gentrification in Greenpoint,Brooklyn[J].Local Environment,2012,17(9):1027-1042.
[50]Heckert M,Rosan C D.Developing a green infrastructure equity index to promote equity planning[J].Urban Forestry&Urban Greening,2016,19:263-270.
[51]Wendel H E W,Downs J A,Mihelcic J R.Assessing Equitable Access to Urban Green Space:The Role of Engineered Water Infrastructure[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2011,45(16):6728-6734.
[52]Raymond C M,Gottwald S,Kuoppa J,et al.Integrating multiple elements of environmental justice into urban blue space planning using public participation geographic information systems[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2016,153:198-208.
[53]Laatikainen T,Tenkanen H,Kytta M,et al.Comparing conventional and PPGIS approaches in measuring equality of access to urban aquatic environments[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,144:22-33.
(1)Cite Space是一款由美籍华裔学者陈超美博士在科学计量学、数据可视化背景下开发的一款引文可视化分析软件,主要用以呈现科学知识的结构、规律和分布情况(详情见官网:http://cluster.cis.drexel.edu/~cchen/citespace/)。
(2)该部分以SCI中检索得到的46篇论文作为分析对象,部分论文涉及多个研究内容,因此统计结果总和大于46。
(3)Hedonic研究方法在用来评估公共物品的价值时被广泛应用,主要是利用房价来对影响房价的其他物品进行定量的价值评估手段。