拉拉铜矿集中开采区土壤地球化学基线值研究
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摘要
确定土壤地球化学基线值对矿山地质环境影响评价意义重大,选择恰当的基线值计算方法对基于矿集区尺度精细评价尤为关键。本研究以拉拉铜矿集中开采区表层土壤地球化学数据为基础,采用统计学法和标准化法分别计算不同地质单元分区内土壤中As、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Hg、Mo、Ni、Pb、Zn的地球化学基线值,并与区内相关研究成果进行对比分析。结果表明:研究区土壤地球化学空间分布呈显著的分带性,在Pt区和TJK区分别计算各分区基线值比笼统计算区域性单一基线值更有实际意义;在矿集区内采用标准化法计算的土壤基线值略大于统计学法计算的基线值;在人类活动扰动小的TJK区内两种计算方法均适用,在人类活动扰动相对较大的Pt区内采用统计学法较标准化法更为适用。
It is significant to establish the geochemical baseline value while evaluating mineral geological environment.Appropriate calculation method is particularly crucial for determining the baseline value in the concentrated mining area. About 1571 topsoil samples were collected and analyzed in the concentrated mining region of the Lala copper ore. The methods of relative cumulative frequency and normalization procedure were applied to calculate the geochemical baseline values of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn in the Pt(with larger disturbance of human activities) and TJK regions(with less disturbance of human activities). The topsoil geochemistry showed the obvious spatial zonation. The calculation of the baseline value in various division areas was more reasonable than that in the whole area in the Pt and TJK regions. The baseline value obtained by the relative cumulative frequency method was slightly larger than that calculated by the normalization procedure method. Both methods were applicable in the TJK region, while the statistics method was more suitable than the normalization procedure method in the Pt region.
It is significant to establish the geochemical baseline value while evaluating mineral geological environment.Appropriate calculation method is particularly crucial for determining the baseline value in the concentrated mining area. About 1571 topsoil samples were collected and analyzed in the concentrated mining region of the Lala copper ore. The methods of relative cumulative frequency and normalization procedure were applied to calculate the geochemical baseline values of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn in the Pt(with larger disturbance of human activities) and TJK regions(with less disturbance of human activities). The topsoil geochemistry showed the obvious spatial zonation. The calculation of the baseline value in various division areas was more reasonable than that in the whole area in the Pt and TJK regions. The baseline value obtained by the relative cumulative frequency method was slightly larger than that calculated by the normalization procedure method. Both methods were applicable in the TJK region, while the statistics method was more suitable than the normalization procedure method in the Pt region.
引文
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[20]陈家彪.四川会理小关河-河口地区铜多金属资源远景调查水系沉积物测量成果报告[R].成都:中国地质科学院成都矿产资源综合利用所, 2010.
[2] CLEMENS REIMANN, KARL FABIAN, MANFRED BIRKE, et al. Establishing geochemical background and threshold for 53chemical elements in European agricultural soil[J]. Applied Geochemistry.2017, xxx:1-17.
[3] A.P. MARTIN, R.E.TURNBULL, M.S. RATTENBURY, et al. The regional geochemical baseline soil survey of southern New Zealand:Design and initial interpretation[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration. 2016, 167:70-82.
[4] J.J. RAMOS-MIRAS, L. ROCA-PEREZ, M.GUZMAN-PALOMINO,et al. Background levels and baseline values of available heavy metals in Mediterranean greenhouse soils(Spain)[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration. 2011, 110:186-192.
[5]王学求,周建,徐善法,等.全国地球化学基准网建立与土壤地球化学基准值特征[J].中国地质, 2016, 43(5):1469-1480.
[6]滕彦国,倪师军,张成江,等.攀枝花地区土壤环境地球化学基线的影响因素研究[J].矿物岩石, 2002, 22(2):38-42.
[7] D. KIRK NORDSTROM. Baseline and premining geochemical characterization of mined sites[J]. Applied Geochemistry. 2015, 57:17-34.
[8] E. GALAN, J. C. FERNANDEZ-CALIANI, I. GONZALEZ, et al. Influence of geological setting on geochemical baselines of trace elements in soils. Application to soils of South–West Spain[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration. 2008, 98:89-106.
[9]朱志敏,熊述清,陈家彪,等.拉拉铜矿区土壤重金属含量及其污染特征[J].地球与环境, 2007, 35(3):261-265.
[10]周家云.四川会理拉拉铜矿地球化学特征及其大陆动力学背景[D].成都:成都理工大学, 2008.
[11]申屠保涌.四川会理拉拉厂铜矿床地质地球化学特征及成矿模式[J].特提斯地质, 1997, 21:112-126.
[12]张文涛.表土主要重金属地球化学基线研究与污染评价———以平圩电厂为例[D].合肥:安徽理工大学, 2012.
[13]范凯,韦朝阳,杨晓松.长沙市乔口镇土壤重金属地球化学基线值的厘定及应用[J].环境科学学报, 2014, 34(12):3076-3083.
[14]路璐,赵元艺,薛强,等.江西德兴铜矿集区土壤地球化学基准值方法的适用性[J].地质通报, 2014, 33(8):1114-1120.
[15]袁峰,张颖慧,周涛发,等.典型城镇土壤重金属元素环境地球化学基线研究———以合肥地区为例[J].地质评论, 2010, 56(1):114-121.
[16]滕彦国,倪师军,庹先国,等.应用标准化方法评价攀枝花地区表层土壤的重金属污染[J].土壤学报, 2003, 40(3):374-378.
[17]孔慧敏,左锐,滕彦国,等.基于地球化学基线的土壤重金属污染风险评价[J].地球与环境, 2013, 41(5):547-551.
[18]王新艳,李新民.青岛地区土壤重金属地球化学基线的确定及其应用[J].山东理工大学学报, 2012, 26(2):11-15.
[19]罗育全,邓文勋.四川省会理县拉拉厂铜矿物化探方法应用找矿模型及预测研究成果报告[R].成都:四川省地质矿产局物探队综合研究队, 1993.
[20]陈家彪.四川会理小关河-河口地区铜多金属资源远景调查水系沉积物测量成果报告[R].成都:中国地质科学院成都矿产资源综合利用所, 2010.