北京市某住宿学校诺如病毒感染引起急性胃肠炎暴发疫情调查
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摘要
目的通过调查处置一起诺如病毒引起的急性胃肠炎暴发疫情,分析引起暴发的危险因素,为有效地防控诺如病毒感染引起的急性胃肠炎疫情提供依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查方法,收集学校基本情况和患儿相关资料,进行流行病学特征分析,采集病例、食堂工作人员和宿舍管理员的便标本进行实验室检测。结果此次疫情从2017年5月9日起至20日结束,历时12 d,共报告疑似病例86例,罹患率7.22%,病例集中于一、二年级。实验室检测结果显示17件病例粪便标本中16件检出诺如病毒GⅡ核酸阳性,阳性率94.12%。结论此次疫情为一起诺如病毒GⅡ型感染引起的急性胃肠炎暴发,传播途径是由于人与人之间的密切接触,病例在班级内呕吐可能是导致暴发的主要原因。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and causes by investigation of a norovirus outbreak in a boarding school of Beijing Methods Basic information of the school and data of the survey were collected and described. Stool specimens from student cases, canteen staffs, and dormitory keepers were collected and tested in the laboratory. Results From May 9 to 20, 2017, a total number of 86 suspected cases were found in the school, and the attack rate was 7.22%, and the cases were mainly reported in the first and second grades. Laboratory tests showed that 16 out of 17 samples were norovirus GⅡ nucleic acid positive, and the positive rate was 94.12%. Conclusion The outbreak was identified as a gastroenteritis infection caused by norovirus GⅡ. The transmission route was human-to-human contact of vomiting wastes.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and causes by investigation of a norovirus outbreak in a boarding school of Beijing Methods Basic information of the school and data of the survey were collected and described. Stool specimens from student cases, canteen staffs, and dormitory keepers were collected and tested in the laboratory. Results From May 9 to 20, 2017, a total number of 86 suspected cases were found in the school, and the attack rate was 7.22%, and the cases were mainly reported in the first and second grades. Laboratory tests showed that 16 out of 17 samples were norovirus GⅡ nucleic acid positive, and the positive rate was 94.12%. Conclusion The outbreak was identified as a gastroenteritis infection caused by norovirus GⅡ. The transmission route was human-to-human contact of vomiting wastes.
引文
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[4] 秦迪,初艳慧,孙景異,等.一起GⅡ.6型诺如病毒聚集性疫情的流行病学调查[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(5):794-797.
[5] 嵇红,向伦辉,张雪峰,等.江苏某小学一起诺如病毒引起的胃肠炎暴发疫情分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(5):721-724.
[6] LOURY P,LE GUYADER F S,LE SAUX J C,et al.A norovirus oyster-related outbreak in a nursing home in France,january 2012[J].Epidemiol Infect,2015,143(12):2486-2493.
[7] RAMOS M,SOTO G,LOAYZA L,et al.Outbreak of norovirus GroupⅡin molitary training center,Peru 2013[J].Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica,2015,32(1):87-92.
[8] REPP K K,KEENE W E.A point-source norovirus outbreak caused by exposure to fomites[J].Infect Dis,2012,205(11):1639-1641.
[9] 李军,曾强,刘洪武,等.诺如病毒GII /12型引起的急性胃肠炎暴发影响因素非条件Logistic回归分析[J].医学动物防制,2012,28(8):855-856.
[10] 任宇花,龚利强,徐里强,等.一起学校内诺如病毒GⅡ型急性胃肠炎暴发调查[J].江苏预防医学,2016,27(1):91-93.
[11] 李锡太,张海艳,高志勇,等.一起GⅡ.7 型诺如病毒暴发疫情的调查分析[J].疾病监测,2015,30(6):516-518.
[12] 潘益峰,陈章霞,王帮马,等.一起大学校园内诺如病毒GⅡ型胃肠炎暴发的流行病学调查[J].中国预防医学杂志,2017,18(1):69-71.
[2] LEE S,CHO H,PAIK S.Molecular epidemiology of norovirus in South Korea [J].BMB Reports,2015,48(2):61-67.
[3] 刘白薇,高志勇,贾蕾,等.2016 年北京市急性胃肠炎突发公共卫生事件流行病学分析[J].首都公共卫生,2017,11(2):65-68.
[4] 秦迪,初艳慧,孙景異,等.一起GⅡ.6型诺如病毒聚集性疫情的流行病学调查[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(5):794-797.
[5] 嵇红,向伦辉,张雪峰,等.江苏某小学一起诺如病毒引起的胃肠炎暴发疫情分析[J].中国学校卫生,2015,36(5):721-724.
[6] LOURY P,LE GUYADER F S,LE SAUX J C,et al.A norovirus oyster-related outbreak in a nursing home in France,january 2012[J].Epidemiol Infect,2015,143(12):2486-2493.
[7] RAMOS M,SOTO G,LOAYZA L,et al.Outbreak of norovirus GroupⅡin molitary training center,Peru 2013[J].Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica,2015,32(1):87-92.
[8] REPP K K,KEENE W E.A point-source norovirus outbreak caused by exposure to fomites[J].Infect Dis,2012,205(11):1639-1641.
[9] 李军,曾强,刘洪武,等.诺如病毒GII /12型引起的急性胃肠炎暴发影响因素非条件Logistic回归分析[J].医学动物防制,2012,28(8):855-856.
[10] 任宇花,龚利强,徐里强,等.一起学校内诺如病毒GⅡ型急性胃肠炎暴发调查[J].江苏预防医学,2016,27(1):91-93.
[11] 李锡太,张海艳,高志勇,等.一起GⅡ.7 型诺如病毒暴发疫情的调查分析[J].疾病监测,2015,30(6):516-518.
[12] 潘益峰,陈章霞,王帮马,等.一起大学校园内诺如病毒GⅡ型胃肠炎暴发的流行病学调查[J].中国预防医学杂志,2017,18(1):69-71.