兰新高铁对西北地区可达性及经济联系的影响
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摘要
高铁正在深刻改变和影响我国区域空间格局,兰新高铁作为丝绸之路经济带上重要交通线,对西北地区经济发展具有重要推动作用。通过GIS网络分析及成本加权栅格法构建模型,综合选用最短时间距离、加权平均旅行时间及经济联系强度指标,定量分析兰新高铁对西北地区可达性及经济联系的影响。结果发现:兰新高铁引发了非均衡的时空收敛效应,影响和重塑了区域空间结构,沿线城市可达性提升优于非沿线城市,"核心—边缘"格局得到强化;兰新高铁提升了中心城市的辐射能力,加速中心城市的空间扩张和重构,中心城市一日交流圈面积(3h)均有增加,在空间上沿高铁线呈带状分布;兰新高铁增强了城市间经济联系,促进高铁沿线经济带的发展,沿线城市经济联系中心度得到提高,区域经济联系模式"廊道效应"明显。本研究为完善西北地区交通网络及推动丝绸之路经济带建设提供参考。
High-speed rail is profoundly changing and influencing regional spatial pattern of China. The Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-speed Railway, as an important transportation line along the Silk Road Economic Belt,plays an important role in promoting economic development of northwest China. The shortest time distance,weighted mean travel time and economic link strength index were comprehensively selected to quantitatively analyze the impact of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-speed railway on the accessibility and economic linkage in the northwestern China. It is concluded as follows: Firstly, the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed rail caused unbalanced space-time convergence effects, which affected and reshaped the regional spatial structure. The urban accessibility optimization of stations along the high-speed railway is higher than that of non-high-speed railway stations, and the "core-edge" pattern has been further strengthened. Secondly, Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed rail improved the daily radiation capacity of the central city and accelerated the spatial expansion and reconstruction. The area of each time circle of the central city has increased to different degrees, and the isochronous circle is zonal along the high-speed rail line and obviously extends outward. Thirdly, LanzhouXinjiang high-speed rail has enhanced the economic ties between cities in the northwest China and promoted the development of the transportation economic belt.
High-speed rail is profoundly changing and influencing regional spatial pattern of China. The Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-speed Railway, as an important transportation line along the Silk Road Economic Belt,plays an important role in promoting economic development of northwest China. The shortest time distance,weighted mean travel time and economic link strength index were comprehensively selected to quantitatively analyze the impact of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-speed railway on the accessibility and economic linkage in the northwestern China. It is concluded as follows: Firstly, the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed rail caused unbalanced space-time convergence effects, which affected and reshaped the regional spatial structure. The urban accessibility optimization of stations along the high-speed railway is higher than that of non-high-speed railway stations, and the "core-edge" pattern has been further strengthened. Secondly, Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed rail improved the daily radiation capacity of the central city and accelerated the spatial expansion and reconstruction. The area of each time circle of the central city has increased to different degrees, and the isochronous circle is zonal along the high-speed rail line and obviously extends outward. Thirdly, LanzhouXinjiang high-speed rail has enhanced the economic ties between cities in the northwest China and promoted the development of the transportation economic belt.
引文
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[9]王姣娥,焦敬娟,金凤君.高速铁路对中国城市空间相互作用强度的影响[J].地理学报,2014,69(12):1833-1846.[Wang Jiao'e,Jiao Jingjuan,Jin Fengjun.Spatial effects of high-speed rails on interurban economic linkages in China[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2014,69(12):1833-1846.]
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[13]曹小曙,李涛,杨文越,等.基于陆路交通的丝绸之路经济带可达性与城市空间联系[J].地理科学进展,2015,34(6):657-664.[Cao Xiaoshu,Li Tao,Yang Wenyue,et al.Accessibility and urban spatial connections of cities in the Silk Road Economic Belt based on land transportation[J].Progress in Geography,2015,34(6):657-664.]
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[17]吴旗韬,樊杰,张虹鸥,等.跨海通道空间效益模型--以珠江口跨海通道为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(11):2061-2072.[Wu Qitao,Fan Jie,Zhang Hong'ou,et al.Spatial effects of different fixed links on accessibility and regional economic linkage in Pearl River Delta[J].Geographical Research,2015,34(11):2061-2072.]
[18]徐维祥,陈斌,李一曼.基于陆路交通的浙江省城市可达性及经济联系研究[J].经济地理,2013,33(12):49-53.[Xu Weixiang,Chen Bin,Li Yiman.The Accessibility and economic linkage of urban areas in Zhejiang province based on land communicateon[J].Economic Geography,2013,33(12):49-53.]
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[22]褚艳玲,杨忠振.基于空侧货物运输系统的中国民用机场可达性评价[J].地理科学,2017,37(11):1689-1695.[Chu Yanling,Yang Zhongzhen.Accessibility evaluation of Chinese civil airports based on airside cargo transport system[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017,37(11):1689-1695.]
[23]王姣娥,景悦.中国城市网络等级结构特征及组织模式--基于铁路和航空流的比较[J].地理学报,2017,72(8):1508-1519.[Wang Jiao'e,Jing Yue.Comparison of spatial structure and organization mode of inter-city networks from the perspective of railway and air passenger flow[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2017,72(8):1508-1519.]
[24]文嫮,韩旭.高铁对中国城市可达性和区域经济空间格局的影响[J].人文地理,2017,32(1):99-108.[Wen Hu,Han Xu.The impacts of high speed rails on the accessibility and the spatial pattern of regional economic development in China[J].Human Geography,2017,32(1):99-108.]
[25]刘莉文,张明.国外高速铁路对区域空间经济的影响研究及启示[J].国际城市规划,2018,33(1):95-100.[Liu Liwen,Zhang Ming.The impacts of high speed rail on regional and spatial economy abroad and the enlightenment to China[J].Urban Planning International,2018,33(1):95-100.]
[26]李一曼,修春亮,孙平军.基于加权平均旅行时间的浙江省交通可达性时空格局研究[J].人文地理,2014,29(4):155-160.[Li Yiman,Xiu Chunliang,Sun Pingjun.Analyzing spatial pattern and accessibility of comprehensive transportin Zhejiang province[J].Human Geography,2014,29(4):155-160.]
[27]陶卓霖,杨晓梦,梁进社.高速铁路对长三角地区陆路可达性的影响[J].经济地理,2016,36(8):40-46.[Tao Zhuolin,Yang Xiaomeng,Liang Jinshe.Impact of high-speed rail on land transportation accessibility of Yangtze River Delta[J].Economic Geography,2016,36(8):40-46.]
[28]吴常艳,黄贤金,陈博文,等.长江经济带经济联系空间格局及其经济一体化趋势[J].经济地理,2017,37(7):71-78.[Wu Changyan,Huang Xianjin,Chen Bowen,et al.Analysis of economic and spatial linkage and economic integration trend in Yangtze River economic belt from social network analysis perspective[J].Economic Geography,2017,37(7):71-78.]
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