西风急流对鲁西北一次暴雨过程的影响
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摘要
利用WRF中尺度数值模式和FNL再分析资料,结合常规观测资料,对2015年08月03日发生在鲁西北地区的暴雨过程其进行了诊断计算、数值模拟和机制分析。研究表明,急流对上游强降水释放潜热向下游的输送和沿急流南侧传播的重力波共同影响是此次暴雨形成的重要因素:(1)上游地区降水过程的潜热释放通过西风急流输送到下游,使滨州地区对流层上层暖平流显著增强,引起强烈的上升运动;(2)高空急流南侧激发的中尺度重力波沿西风急流自西向东传播,波峰促使不稳定能量释放而触发强对流天气。
A diagnostic calculation,numerical simulation and mechanism analysis were made for the heavy rain occurred in northwestern Shandong Province on BST 3 August 2015,which were based on the WRF meso-scale numerical model and FNL data.The study showed that the potential heat transferred by westerly jet stream and the mesoscale gravity wave along south jet stream both affected the rainstorm.The potential heat in upstream can be transferred to downstream by westerly jet and cause non-adiabatic heating in Binzhou,which can lead to warm advection and anticyclonic vorticity increase.Mesoscale gravity wave may occur in south of westerly jet stream and spread along the jet,and its wave crest may promote the release of unstable energy and raise a strong convective weather.
A diagnostic calculation,numerical simulation and mechanism analysis were made for the heavy rain occurred in northwestern Shandong Province on BST 3 August 2015,which were based on the WRF meso-scale numerical model and FNL data.The study showed that the potential heat transferred by westerly jet stream and the mesoscale gravity wave along south jet stream both affected the rainstorm.The potential heat in upstream can be transferred to downstream by westerly jet and cause non-adiabatic heating in Binzhou,which can lead to warm advection and anticyclonic vorticity increase.Mesoscale gravity wave may occur in south of westerly jet stream and spread along the jet,and its wave crest may promote the release of unstable energy and raise a strong convective weather.
引文
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[2]Bjerknes.J.Extratropicalcyclones.Compendium of meteorology.T.F.Malone.Ed.American meteorological Society,1951.577-598.
[3]候青,许健民.卫星导风资料所揭示的对流层上部环流形势与我国夏季主要雨带之间的关系[J].应用气象学报,2006,2:12-18.
[4]Peng,J.Y.,R.S.Wu,and Y.Wang.Initiation mechanism of meso-βscale convective systems[J].Advances in Atomspheric Sciences,2002,19:870-884.
[5]胡伯威.梅雨锋上MCS的发展、传播以及与低层“湿度锋”相关联的CISK惯性重力波[J].大气科学,2005,29(6):845-853.
[6]Miller,R.C.Notes on Analysis and Severe-storm Forecasting Procedures of the Air Force Global Weather Central.Air Weather Service(MAC),U.S.A.F.,Technical Report 200(Rev.),1972.1-183.
[7]刘峰.一次强对流天气过程的诊断分析和数值模拟[J].气象,2008,34(2):18-24.
[8]张德林,马雷铭.“073”上海强对流天气个例的中尺度观测分析及数值模拟[J].气象,2010,36(3):62-69.
[9]董晓敏,金秀兰,等.长江流域梅雨期内一次特大暴雨程诊断分析[C].长江流域暴雨文集.北京:气象出版,1982:103
[10]Ferretti,R.,F.Einaudi,and L.W.Uccellini.Wave disturbances associated with the Red River Valley severe weather outbreak of10-11April 1979[J].Meteor.Atmos.Phys.,1988,39:132-168.
[11]Davis,C.A.,and K.A.Emanuel.Potential vorticity diagnostics of cyclogenesis.Mon.Wea.Rev[J].1991,119:1929-1953.