我国流动人口长期居留意愿及地区差异分析
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摘要
采用2016年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,对我国流动人口的长期居留意愿及地区差异进行探究。研究发现:2016年全国流动人口的长期居留意愿为61. 4%,较前两年略有提高。结合社会经济发展状况,可将全国划分为三类地区,不同地区间的流动人口长期居留意愿及影响因素存在显著差异。户籍性质、婚姻家庭状况是影响各类地区流动人口长期居留意愿的共因,其中,已婚、非农业户口、家庭化迁移程度高的人群长期居留意愿较高。为此,政府有关部门应采取加强基本公共服务均等化、推进农业转移人口市民化等措施,提高流动人口长期居留意愿,从而推动我国城镇化的发展。
Using the dynamic monitoring data of national migrant population in 2016, the paper explores the long-term residence willingness and regional differences of the migrant population in China. The results show that the long-term residence willingness of the migrant population is 61. 4% in 2016, which is slightly more than those of previous two years. The national regions are classified into three types according to the long-term residence willingness and socioeconomic status, and there are significant difference in long-term residence willingness and the influencing factors among different regions. The household registration type, marital and family status are the common factors affecting the long-term residence willingness in different regions. Those who are married, non-agricultural households, and migrating with more family members have a higher willingness to stay longer in present residence. Therefore, the relevant government departments should take measures to strengthen the equalization of basic public services, promote the citizenization of the migrant agricultural population, and promote the realization of the long-term residence intention of the floating population, so as to promote the development of urbanization in China.
Using the dynamic monitoring data of national migrant population in 2016, the paper explores the long-term residence willingness and regional differences of the migrant population in China. The results show that the long-term residence willingness of the migrant population is 61. 4% in 2016, which is slightly more than those of previous two years. The national regions are classified into three types according to the long-term residence willingness and socioeconomic status, and there are significant difference in long-term residence willingness and the influencing factors among different regions. The household registration type, marital and family status are the common factors affecting the long-term residence willingness in different regions. Those who are married, non-agricultural households, and migrating with more family members have a higher willingness to stay longer in present residence. Therefore, the relevant government departments should take measures to strengthen the equalization of basic public services, promote the citizenization of the migrant agricultural population, and promote the realization of the long-term residence intention of the floating population, so as to promote the development of urbanization in China.
引文
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[14]郑志来.共享发展理念下农村流动人口市民化问题研究[J].西北人口,2016(6):25-30.
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[3]中华人民共和国2017年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL].[2018-02-28]. http:∥www. stats. gov. cn/tjsj/zxfb/201802/t20180228_1585631. html.
[4]蔚志新.分地区流动人口居留意愿影响因素比较研究———基于全国5城市流动人口动态监测调查数据[J].人口与经济,2013(4):12-20.
[5]朱宇.户籍制度改革与流动人口在流入地的居留意愿及其制约机制[J].南方人口,2004(3):21-28.
[6]陈盛淦,吴宏洛.二孩政策背景下随迁老人城市居留意愿研究———基于责任伦理视角[J].东南学术,2016(3):62-67.
[7]李树茁,王维博,悦中山.自雇与受雇农民工城市居留意愿差异研究[J].人口与经济,2014(2):12-21.
[8]王朋岗.社会融合视角下新疆跨省流动人口长期居留意愿研究———新疆、北京和广东的比较研究[J].人口与发展,2015(2):66-71.
[9]盛亦男.流动人口居留意愿的梯度变动与影响机制[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017(1):128-136.
[10]黄晨熹.城市外来人口居留意愿的影响因素研究:以苏州市为例[J].西北人口,2011(6):23-30.
[11]国务院.关于印发“十三五”推进基本公共服务均等化规划的通知[EB/OL].[2017-03-01]. http://www. gov. cn/zhengce/content/2017-03/01/content_5172013. htm.
[12]李涛,任远.城市户籍制度改革与流动人口社会融合[J].南方人口,2011(3):17-24.
[13]魏后凯,苏红键.中国农业转移人口市民化进程研究[J].中国人口科学,2013(5):21-29,126.
[14]郑志来.共享发展理念下农村流动人口市民化问题研究[J].西北人口,2016(6):25-30.
[15]国家卫生计生委.关于印发“十三五”全国流动人口卫生计生服务管理规的通知[EB/OL].[2017-02-09]. http://www. nhfpc. gov. cn/ldrks/s7853/201702/9c4058ccd7224346b1bca81591220ff2.shtml.