基于过程模拟的HAZOP偏差量化研究与应用
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摘要
以天然气凝液脱轻烃工艺为例,提出了基于动态模拟的HAZOP分析方法,利用HYSYS动态模拟对HAZOP偏差进行量化分析,通过过程模拟所获得的偏差偏离正常值所达到具体量,有效解决传统HAZOP分析偏差的模糊性问题,且对工艺潜在的风险以及风险发生与否有一个更直观认识。并在传统HAZOP分析表的基础上提出了基于动态模拟结果的HAZOP分析表,增加了模拟结果分析及安全措施模拟验证等内容;首次提出了"安全域"这一概念,该概念指的是动态模拟时某一参数由初始值到达危险峰值的时间,这段时间的长短可以反映出某偏差造成事故的危险程度及可能性,为处理危险事故场景提供了时间的参考临界值,从而进一步提高HAZOP分析的准确性与可靠性,使HAZOP分析更加完善。
This paper takes the removal of light hydrocarbons from natural gas condensate as an example,and uses HYSYS dynamic simulation to carry out quantitative analysis on the deviation of HAZOP.Through the exact value of the deviation from the normal value is obtained by the process simulation,which effectively solves the fuzziness of traditional HAZOP deviation analysis and understands more intuitively the potential risks in the process and risk occurrence or not.The paper also proposes a new HAZOP analysis table combined with the results of dynamic simulation based on traditional HAZOP analysis tables. And the paper puts forward a concept of "safety domain"for the first time,which refers to a period of time that a parameter grows from initial value to dangerous peak while executing dynamic simulation,and the period can reflect the extent of the risk of an accident and provide the critical value of time for handling the scene of dangerous accident. Thus it can further improve the accuracy and reliability of HAZOP analysis and make HAZOP analysis more perfect.
This paper takes the removal of light hydrocarbons from natural gas condensate as an example,and uses HYSYS dynamic simulation to carry out quantitative analysis on the deviation of HAZOP.Through the exact value of the deviation from the normal value is obtained by the process simulation,which effectively solves the fuzziness of traditional HAZOP deviation analysis and understands more intuitively the potential risks in the process and risk occurrence or not.The paper also proposes a new HAZOP analysis table combined with the results of dynamic simulation based on traditional HAZOP analysis tables. And the paper puts forward a concept of "safety domain"for the first time,which refers to a period of time that a parameter grows from initial value to dangerous peak while executing dynamic simulation,and the period can reflect the extent of the risk of an accident and provide the critical value of time for handling the scene of dangerous accident. Thus it can further improve the accuracy and reliability of HAZOP analysis and make HAZOP analysis more perfect.
引文
[1]Trevor Kletz.Hazop-past and future[J].Reliability Engineering and System,1997,(55):263-266.
[2]杜廷召,田文德,任伟.危险与可操作性分析研究[J].现代化工,2010,30(7):90-93.
[3]Dunjo J,Fthenakis V,Vilchez J A,et al.Hazard and operability(HAZOP)analysis.A literature review[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,173(1/2/3):19-32.
[4]赵文芳,姜春明,李奇.HAZOP技术实施程序[J].安全健康和环境,2005,5(1):15-17.
[5]Eizenberga Shinon,Shacham Mordechai.Combinin HAZOP with dynamic simulation-application for safety education[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2006,19:754-761.
[6]Eizenberg S,Shachan M,Brauner N.Combining HAZOP with dynamic process model development for safety analysis[J].Computer Aided Chemical Engineering,2006,21(6):389-394.
[7]付建民,赵东风,陈国明,等.石油化工装置HAZOP分析技术概率定量化研究[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(6):130-134.
[8]刘旭红,周乐平,赵东风,等.HAZOP分析的量化研究—HAZOP分析与过程模拟相结合[J].石油化工安全环保技术,2009,25(2):19-22.
[9]李睿,胡翔.化工流程模拟技术研究进展[J].化工进展,2014,33(S1):7-31.
[10]姜春明,赵文芳,姜巍巍,等.HAZOP技术的研究与应用[J].现代化工,2004,24(S2):137-139.
[11]Venkatasubramanian V,Zhao J,Viswanathan S.Intelligent systems for HAZOP analysis of complex process plants[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2000,24(9):2291-2302.
[12]孙兰义,张骏驰,石宝明,等.过程模拟实训:Aspen HYSYS教程[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2015:486-518.
[13]郭丽杰,康建新.基于动态过程模拟的定量化HAZOP分析方法[J].计算机与应用化学,2015,(4):392-396.
[2]杜廷召,田文德,任伟.危险与可操作性分析研究[J].现代化工,2010,30(7):90-93.
[3]Dunjo J,Fthenakis V,Vilchez J A,et al.Hazard and operability(HAZOP)analysis.A literature review[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,173(1/2/3):19-32.
[4]赵文芳,姜春明,李奇.HAZOP技术实施程序[J].安全健康和环境,2005,5(1):15-17.
[5]Eizenberga Shinon,Shacham Mordechai.Combinin HAZOP with dynamic simulation-application for safety education[J].Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2006,19:754-761.
[6]Eizenberg S,Shachan M,Brauner N.Combining HAZOP with dynamic process model development for safety analysis[J].Computer Aided Chemical Engineering,2006,21(6):389-394.
[7]付建民,赵东风,陈国明,等.石油化工装置HAZOP分析技术概率定量化研究[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(6):130-134.
[8]刘旭红,周乐平,赵东风,等.HAZOP分析的量化研究—HAZOP分析与过程模拟相结合[J].石油化工安全环保技术,2009,25(2):19-22.
[9]李睿,胡翔.化工流程模拟技术研究进展[J].化工进展,2014,33(S1):7-31.
[10]姜春明,赵文芳,姜巍巍,等.HAZOP技术的研究与应用[J].现代化工,2004,24(S2):137-139.
[11]Venkatasubramanian V,Zhao J,Viswanathan S.Intelligent systems for HAZOP analysis of complex process plants[J].Computers&Chemical Engineering,2000,24(9):2291-2302.
[12]孙兰义,张骏驰,石宝明,等.过程模拟实训:Aspen HYSYS教程[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2015:486-518.
[13]郭丽杰,康建新.基于动态过程模拟的定量化HAZOP分析方法[J].计算机与应用化学,2015,(4):392-396.