以审判为中心视野下我国检警关系的反思与重构
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摘要
检警关系是最基本的刑事诉讼关系之一,对检警关系的准确定位和优化调整,对推进以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革有重要意义。当前我国检警关系存在检察机关法律监督职能发挥不够充分与检警未能形成追诉犯罪的有效合力两大问题。从学理视角、实证视角和可行性视角进行考察,透析检警一体化模式,立足于我国的国情和制度现状,结合以审判为中心基本理念,构建新的检警协作模式是更为优位的选择。新型检警关系的构建,应从"大控方"追诉格局的构建,基于协作理念的侦查机制调整,以及立足于协作和监督的检察机制变革等三个方面展开。
The relationship between the prosecutor and the police is one of the most basic criminal litigation relations. The accurate positioning and optimization of the relationship between the prosecutor and the police are of great significance to the reform of the trial-centered litigation system. At present, there are two major problems in the relationship between the prosecution and the police in our country: the insufficient exertion of the legal supervision function of the procuratorial organs and the failure of the procuratorial and police to form the maximum joint force in prosecuting crimes. From the perspective of theory, demonstration and feasibility, compared with the integrated mode of prosecution and police, the mode of prosecution and police cooperation based on China's national conditions and system status, combined with the basic concept of trial as the center, is a better choice for the construction of a new type of Prosecution-Police relationship in China. From the perspective of trial as the center, the construction of the new relationship between the prosecution and the police should be carried out from three aspects: the prosecution pattern of"prosecution and police coordination", the adjustment of the investigation mechanism based on the concept of cooperation and the reform of the prosecution mechanism based on cooperation and supervision.
The relationship between the prosecutor and the police is one of the most basic criminal litigation relations. The accurate positioning and optimization of the relationship between the prosecutor and the police are of great significance to the reform of the trial-centered litigation system. At present, there are two major problems in the relationship between the prosecution and the police in our country: the insufficient exertion of the legal supervision function of the procuratorial organs and the failure of the procuratorial and police to form the maximum joint force in prosecuting crimes. From the perspective of theory, demonstration and feasibility, compared with the integrated mode of prosecution and police, the mode of prosecution and police cooperation based on China's national conditions and system status, combined with the basic concept of trial as the center, is a better choice for the construction of a new type of Prosecution-Police relationship in China. From the perspective of trial as the center, the construction of the new relationship between the prosecution and the police should be carried out from three aspects: the prosecution pattern of"prosecution and police coordination", the adjustment of the investigation mechanism based on the concept of cooperation and the reform of the prosecution mechanism based on cooperation and supervision.
引文
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[20]张玉鲲,张伟,蒋家棣.“以审判为中心”背景下的刑事指控体系构建---以公诉主导的新型侦诉关系为重心[J].北京政法职业学院学报,2017(01):2-7.
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[22]陈云龙,彭志刚.检察机关侦查指引权及其实现机制[J].中国刑事法杂志,2009(09):64-71.
[2]周炳亮,黄楚元.我国警检关系调整初探[J].广西政法管理干部学院学报,2005(04):81-83.
[3][5]李智.以审判为中心背景下的侦诉关系[J].人民检察,2016(14):32-36.
[4][19][23]黄翀.以审判为中心的刑事侦诉关系的反思与重构[J].东方法学,2017(04):142-152.
[6][9]龙宗智.评“检警一体化”兼论我国的检警关系[J].法学研究,2000(02):54-62.
[7]张小玲.审判中心背景下审前侦诉关系之重塑[J].政法论坛,2016,34(03):131-141.
[8]陈芳.德国审前程序中的警检关系研究[D].北京:中国政法大学,2009.
[10](日)松尾浩也.日本刑事诉讼法[M].丁相顺,译.北京:中国人民大学出版社,2005.99.
[11]黄继坤,司马俊莲,谭明.对“检警一体化”侦控模式的质疑---兼论构建“检警协作”侦控模式[J].湖北社会科学,2011(02):145-148.
[13][14]刘计划.检警一体化模式再解读[J].法学研究,2013,35(06):147-164.
[15]刘东,吴庆国.论以审判为中心背景下侦诉关系之改革---以退回公安机关补充侦查为切入点[J].时代法学,2018,16(02):68-74.
[16]卞建林.论我国侦查程序中检警关系的优化---以制度的功能分析为中心[J].国家检察官学院学报,2005(02):59-67.
[17]许昆,毕希茜.预审学[M].北京:中国人民公安大学出版社,2014.3.
[18]韩瑞芳.“以审判为中心”背景下冤狱生成与避免研究---侦查机关“预审”职权设置的违宪性考察[J].安康学院学报,2018,30(06):97-102.
[20]张玉鲲,张伟,蒋家棣.“以审判为中心”背景下的刑事指控体系构建---以公诉主导的新型侦诉关系为重心[J].北京政法职业学院学报,2017(01):2-7.
[21]张建伟.“捕诉合一”的改革是一项危险的抉择?---检察机关“捕诉合一”之利弊分析[J].中国刑事法杂志,2018(04):12-27.
[22]陈云龙,彭志刚.检察机关侦查指引权及其实现机制[J].中国刑事法杂志,2009(09):64-71.