海水中硬度离子对反渗透膜有机污染的影响
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摘要
采用不同的预处理方式和配置人工无镁海水的方法,研究了不同海水体系中钙、镁离子对反渗透膜有机污染的影响.实验结果表明:脱硬预处理的方式可以有效减缓反渗透膜通量的衰减速度.当海水中存在一定浓度的腐殖酸时,与脱硬预处理的海水相比,常规预处理海水的膜通量和脱盐率下降得更快,是因为海水中的硬度离子加重了反渗透膜的有机污染.当海水中硬度离子只有钙离子时,反渗透膜通量和脱盐率随着钙离子浓度的升高而降低,UV254截留率受腐殖酸-钙的络合影响,随着钙离子浓度升高而升高.
The effect of calcium and magnesium ions on organic fouling of reverse osmosis membraneis investigated by different pretreatment ways and preparing magnesium-free artificial seawater.The results show that flux decline of reverse osmosis membrane is effectively controlled by hardness removal pretreatment.Under one certain concentration of humic acid(HA),the conventional pretreatment may lead to a rapid decrease of membrane flux and salt rejection compared with hardness removal pretreatment because hardness ions in seawater accelerate organic fouling of reverse osmosis membrane.The reverse osmosis membrane flux and salt rejection decreased with increasing of calcium concentration in magnesiumfree artificial seawater,and due to the complexation of calcium ion with humic acid,UV254 rejection increased with increasing of calcium concentration.
The effect of calcium and magnesium ions on organic fouling of reverse osmosis membraneis investigated by different pretreatment ways and preparing magnesium-free artificial seawater.The results show that flux decline of reverse osmosis membrane is effectively controlled by hardness removal pretreatment.Under one certain concentration of humic acid(HA),the conventional pretreatment may lead to a rapid decrease of membrane flux and salt rejection compared with hardness removal pretreatment because hardness ions in seawater accelerate organic fouling of reverse osmosis membrane.The reverse osmosis membrane flux and salt rejection decreased with increasing of calcium concentration in magnesiumfree artificial seawater,and due to the complexation of calcium ion with humic acid,UV254 rejection increased with increasing of calcium concentration.
引文
[1]杨尚宝.中国海水淡化年鉴(2010)[M]//北京:海洋出版社,2012.
[2]王琪,郑根江,谭永文.我国海水淡化产业进展.[J].水处理技术,2014,40(1):12-15.
[3]靖大为,反渗透系统优化设计[M]//北京:化学工业出版社,2006.
[4]杨小奇,靖大为.长流程反渗透系统的有机物、无机物及络合物污染分析.[J].膜科学与技术,2012,32(4):50-53.
[5]李亚娟.反渗透膜有机污染的研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2010.37-38.
[6]魏复盛.水和废水监测分析方法[M]//北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[7]Seidel A,Elimelech M.Coupling between chemical and physical interactions in natural organic matter(NOM)fouling of nanofiltration membranes:implications for fouling control[J].J Membr Sci,2002,203:245-255.
[8]AngW S,Elimelech M.Protein(BSA)fouling of reverse osmosis membranes:Implications for wastewater reclamation[J].J Membr Sci,2007,296(1/2):83-92.
[9]AngW S,LeeS,Elimelech M.Chemical and physical aspects of cleaning of organic-fouled reverse osmosis membranes[J].J Membr Sci,2006,272:198-210.
[2]王琪,郑根江,谭永文.我国海水淡化产业进展.[J].水处理技术,2014,40(1):12-15.
[3]靖大为,反渗透系统优化设计[M]//北京:化学工业出版社,2006.
[4]杨小奇,靖大为.长流程反渗透系统的有机物、无机物及络合物污染分析.[J].膜科学与技术,2012,32(4):50-53.
[5]李亚娟.反渗透膜有机污染的研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2010.37-38.
[6]魏复盛.水和废水监测分析方法[M]//北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[7]Seidel A,Elimelech M.Coupling between chemical and physical interactions in natural organic matter(NOM)fouling of nanofiltration membranes:implications for fouling control[J].J Membr Sci,2002,203:245-255.
[8]AngW S,Elimelech M.Protein(BSA)fouling of reverse osmosis membranes:Implications for wastewater reclamation[J].J Membr Sci,2007,296(1/2):83-92.
[9]AngW S,LeeS,Elimelech M.Chemical and physical aspects of cleaning of organic-fouled reverse osmosis membranes[J].J Membr Sci,2006,272:198-210.