低气压下棒——板间隙交流放电特性研究及电压校正
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摘要
为研究低气压条件下棒—板空气间隙放电特性,利用低气压放电试验平台针对100～600 mm棒—板空气间隙在交流电压下的放电电压U_(50)与气压P、间隙距离d的关系进行了试验,分析了2～60 kPa气压范围内P与d对U_(50)的影响,得到了U_(50)与P,d之间的关系曲线并提出了2～60 kPa气压范围内的放电电压校正公式。研究结果表明:在2～60 kPa气压范围内不同棒—板间隙的U_(50)-P曲线均存在明显饱和区,随间隙距离减小饱和区向高气压方向移动,根据试验数据所得放电电压校正公式具有较高的精确度。该研究结果可为低气压下棒-板间隙放电特性研究以及更系统的开展低气压下长间隙特性试验提供参考。
For the purpose of obtaining rod-plane air gap discharge performance under high altitude and low pressure conditions,laboratory investigations of the relationship between 50% AC discharge voltage U_(50),air pressure P and air gap distance d are carried out in the low pressure test platform for 100～600 mm rod-plane gaps. The effects of P and d on U_(50) are analyzed in the range of 2 to 60 kPa. The relationship between U_(50),P and d are obtained,furthermore,put forward voltage correction formulas of AC discharge within 2～60 kPa. The results show that,U_(50)-P curves of different gaps within 2～60 kPa all have obvious saturation trends. As gap length decreases,the saturation region moves toward low pressure direction,and the U_(50) correction formula based on the experimental data has a high accuracy. The results can provide reference for the study of the discharge characteristics of rod,plane air gap at high altitude and low pressure conditions,and the systemic discharge tests for rod,plane air gaps.
For the purpose of obtaining rod-plane air gap discharge performance under high altitude and low pressure conditions,laboratory investigations of the relationship between 50% AC discharge voltage U_(50),air pressure P and air gap distance d are carried out in the low pressure test platform for 100～600 mm rod-plane gaps. The effects of P and d on U_(50) are analyzed in the range of 2 to 60 kPa. The relationship between U_(50),P and d are obtained,furthermore,put forward voltage correction formulas of AC discharge within 2～60 kPa. The results show that,U_(50)-P curves of different gaps within 2～60 kPa all have obvious saturation trends. As gap length decreases,the saturation region moves toward low pressure direction,and the U_(50) correction formula based on the experimental data has a high accuracy. The results can provide reference for the study of the discharge characteristics of rod,plane air gap at high altitude and low pressure conditions,and the systemic discharge tests for rod,plane air gaps.
引文
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[9]蒋兴良,谢述教,舒立春,等.低气压下三种直流绝缘子覆冰闪络特性及其比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(9):158-162.JIANG Xingliang,XIE Shujiao,SHU Lichun,et al.Ice flashover performance and comparison of three types of DCinsulators at low atmospheric pressure[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(9):158-162.
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[14]蒋兴良,张志劲,胡建林,等.高海拔下不同伞形结构750 k V合成绝缘子短样交流污秽闪络特性及其比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(12):159-164.JIANG Xingliang,ZHANG Zhijin,HU Jianlin,et al.ACpollution flashover performance and comparison of short samples of 750 kV composite insulators with different configuration in high altitude area[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(12):159-164.
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[17]QIU Z,RUAN J,HUANG D,et al.A prediction method for breakdown voltage of typical air gaps based on electric field features and support vector machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2015,22(4):2125-2135.
[18]高电压试验技术第一部分:一般试验要求:GB/T 16927.1-1997[S].1997.High-voltage test techniques:Part 1:General definitions and test requirements:GB/T 16927.1-1997[S].1997.
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[20]杨亚奇,李卫国,袁创业,等.一种用于模拟低气压放电的试验腔体试制研究[J].华北电力大学学报,2017,44(1):65-69.YANG Yaqi,LI Weiguo,YUAN Chuangye,et al.Experimental research on test chamber used in discharge test under low pressure[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University,2017,44(1):65-69.
[21]杨亚奇,李卫国,夏喻,等.低气压下长间隙工频放电试验平台研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(31):55-58.YANG Yaqi,LI Weiguo,XIA Yu,et al.Experimental research on test chamber used in Research on test platform used in AC discharge test under low pressure[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(31):55-58.
[22]王逊,张云峰,唐镇松.DL-10A型石英真空计[J].真空,2014,51(4):35-37.WANG Xun,ZHANG Yunfeng,TANG Zhensong.The DL-10A quartz vacuum gauge[J].Vacuum,2014,51(4):35-37.
[23]蒋兴良,于亮,苑吉河,等.低气压棒-板间隙操作冲击放电特性及电压校正[J].高电压技术,2007,33(11):70-74.JIANG Xingliang,YU Liang,YUAN Jihe,et al.Switching impulse discharge performance and voltage correction of rod-plane air gaps at low atmospheric pressure[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(11):70-74.
[24]杨亚奇,李卫国,夏喻,等.棒尖端外形对低气压下棒-板短间隙放电特性影响研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2017,37(2):194-200.YANG Yaqi,LI Weiguo,XIA Yu,et al.Effect of rod-plane shapes on AC discharge of rod/plate air-gap at lower atmospheric pressure[J].Chines Journal Vacuum Science and Technology,2017,37(2):194-200.
[25]蒋兴良,于亮,胡建林,等.棒-板长空气间隙在低气压下雷电冲击特性及电压校正[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(11):152-156.JIANG Xingliang,YU Liang,HU Jianlin,et al.Lightning impulse discharge performance and voltage correction of long air gaps at lower atmospheric pressure[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(11):152-156.
[2]舒印彪,我国特高压输电的发展与实施[J].中国电力,2005,38(11):1-8.SHU Yinbiao.Development and execution of UHV power transmission in China[J].Electric Power,2005,38(11):1-8.
[3]FEDOROV V A.Electrification of a rocket during its launch and motion in the atmosphere along active part of the trajectory[J].Cosmic Research,2011,49(4):374-381.
[4]IRELAND P M.Contact charge accumulation and separation discharge[J].Journal of Electrostatics,2009,67(2/3):462-467.
[5]刘浩,刘尚合,曹鹤飞,等.高空低气压、低温环境下的电晕放电模拟试验系统[J].高电压技术,2015,41(2):578-583.LIU Hao,LIU Shanghe,CAO Hefei,et al.Experimental simulation of corona discharges under high-altitude,lowpressure and low-temperature conditions[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(2):578-583.
[6]杜照恒,刘尚合,魏明,等.飞行器静电起电与放电模型及仿真分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(9):2806-2812.DU Zhaoheng,LIU Shanghe,WEI Ming,et al.Modeling and simulation analysis of aerial vehicle charging and discharging process[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(9):2806-2812.
[7]谭志良,胡小锋,毕军建.电磁脉冲防护理论与技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2013:18-22.TAN Zhiliang,HU Xiaofeng,BI Junjian.Electromagnetic pulse protection theory and technology[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2013:18-22.
[8]RAMIREZ M,MORENO M,PIGINI A,et al.Air density influence on the strength of external insulation under positive impulses:Experimental investigation up to an altitude of 3 000 m a.s.l[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1990,5(2):730-737.
[9]蒋兴良,谢述教,舒立春,等.低气压下三种直流绝缘子覆冰闪络特性及其比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(9):158-162.JIANG Xingliang,XIE Shujiao,SHU Lichun,et al.Ice flashover performance and comparison of three types of DCinsulators at low atmospheric pressure[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2004,24(9):158-162.
[10]蒋兴良,孙才新,司马文霞,等.10 kV合成绝缘子覆冰交流闪络特性及冰闪过程的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(8):58-61.JIANG Xingliang,SUN Caixin,SIMA Wenxia,et al.Study on flashover performance and process of iced 10 kVcomposite insulator[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(8):58-61.
[11]蒋兴良,孙才新,舒立春,等.正棒-板短间隙雷电冲击放电电压的海拔修正[J].重庆大学学报,2003,26(3):77-81.JIANG Xingliang,SUN Caixin,SHU Lichun,et al.Study of lightning impulse breakdown voltage correction of positive rod-plane short air gaps on altitude[J].Journal of Chongqing University,2003,26(3):77-81.
[12]蒋兴良,赵智亮,孙才新,等.低气压正棒-板短间隙操作冲击放电特性[J].高电压技术,2002,28(7):7-9.JIANG Xingliang,ZHAO Zhiliang,SUN Caixin,et al.Switching impulse discharge performance and voltage correction for positive rod-plane short air gaps in low airpressure[J].High Voltage Engineering,2002,28(7):7-9.
[13]胡琴,汪诗经,杨红军,等.不同伞形结构复合绝缘子覆冰增长特性研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(7):2236-2243.HU Qin,WANG Shijing,YANG Hongjun,et al.Comparison of ice growth on composite insulators with different shed configurations[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(7):2236-2243.
[14]蒋兴良,张志劲,胡建林,等.高海拔下不同伞形结构750 k V合成绝缘子短样交流污秽闪络特性及其比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(12):159-164.JIANG Xingliang,ZHANG Zhijin,HU Jianlin,et al.ACpollution flashover performance and comparison of short samples of 750 kV composite insulators with different configuration in high altitude area[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(12):159-164.
[15]SHU Lichun,ZHAO Zhiliang,JIANG Xingliang,et al.Effect of atmospheric pressure on discharge performance of short air-gaps at altitude of 4 000 m and above[C]//International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials.Nogaya,Japan:[S.l.],2003:125-128.
[16]OKUBO H,YAMANO Y,OHASHI A,et al.Vacuum discharge phenomena under non-uniform field conditions[C]//XVIIIth International Symposium on Discharges and Electrical Insulation in Vacuum(ISDEIV).[S.l.]:IEEE,1998:93-100.
[17]QIU Z,RUAN J,HUANG D,et al.A prediction method for breakdown voltage of typical air gaps based on electric field features and support vector machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2015,22(4):2125-2135.
[18]高电压试验技术第一部分:一般试验要求:GB/T 16927.1-1997[S].1997.High-voltage test techniques:Part 1:General definitions and test requirements:GB/T 16927.1-1997[S].1997.
[19]孙才新,蒋兴良,司马文霞,等.海拔4 000 m以上短间隙交流放电特性及电压校正[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(10):116-120.SUN Caixin,JIANG Xingliang,SIMA Wenxia,et al.Ac discharge performance and voltage correction of short air gaps in 4 000 m and above altitude districts[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2002,22(10):116-120.
[20]杨亚奇,李卫国,袁创业,等.一种用于模拟低气压放电的试验腔体试制研究[J].华北电力大学学报,2017,44(1):65-69.YANG Yaqi,LI Weiguo,YUAN Chuangye,et al.Experimental research on test chamber used in discharge test under low pressure[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University,2017,44(1):65-69.
[21]杨亚奇,李卫国,夏喻,等.低气压下长间隙工频放电试验平台研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(31):55-58.YANG Yaqi,LI Weiguo,XIA Yu,et al.Experimental research on test chamber used in Research on test platform used in AC discharge test under low pressure[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(31):55-58.
[22]王逊,张云峰,唐镇松.DL-10A型石英真空计[J].真空,2014,51(4):35-37.WANG Xun,ZHANG Yunfeng,TANG Zhensong.The DL-10A quartz vacuum gauge[J].Vacuum,2014,51(4):35-37.
[23]蒋兴良,于亮,苑吉河,等.低气压棒-板间隙操作冲击放电特性及电压校正[J].高电压技术,2007,33(11):70-74.JIANG Xingliang,YU Liang,YUAN Jihe,et al.Switching impulse discharge performance and voltage correction of rod-plane air gaps at low atmospheric pressure[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(11):70-74.
[24]杨亚奇,李卫国,夏喻,等.棒尖端外形对低气压下棒-板短间隙放电特性影响研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2017,37(2):194-200.YANG Yaqi,LI Weiguo,XIA Yu,et al.Effect of rod-plane shapes on AC discharge of rod/plate air-gap at lower atmospheric pressure[J].Chines Journal Vacuum Science and Technology,2017,37(2):194-200.
[25]蒋兴良,于亮,胡建林,等.棒-板长空气间隙在低气压下雷电冲击特性及电压校正[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(11):152-156.JIANG Xingliang,YU Liang,HU Jianlin,et al.Lightning impulse discharge performance and voltage correction of long air gaps at lower atmospheric pressure[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(11):152-156.