玉米免耕深松播种机的设计与试验
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摘要
针对小麦收割后残茬覆盖表面影响玉米播种以及由于旋耕深度不够导致土壤形成坚硬犁底层的问题,设计了玉米免耕深松播种机。该玉米免耕深松播种机主要由机架、防堵装置、S弹齿型振动深松铲、圆盘开沟器、排种装置、排肥装置、种肥箱,以及镇压轮等组成,可一次性完成清除残茬杂草、深松土壤、开沟播种、覆土施肥和种后镇压等工序。田间试验表明:该玉米免耕深松播种机可实现8km/h高速作业,播种质量、苗带清理质量、深松质量完全满足免耕深松播种的农艺要求,作业效果良好,特别适合我国小块土地作业,且省工省时,具有很大的经济效益。
A new no-tillage and subsoiling planter,has been developed by Shandong Agricultural University to solve the problem which is the stubble of the wheat that will influence the soiling of the corn and the issue of the tillage depth's insufficient causing hard bottom plow. This planter is mainly composed of the rack,subsoiler,no-tillage equipment,copying mechanism,disc opener,metering devices,repression round,seed box,and it can complete a one-time process of wipe out stubble,deep pine,ditching planting,casing,repression and other processes. The field experiment showed that the maize no-till and deep-sowing planter could realize the high-speed operation of 8 km/h,the quality of seeding,the quality of seedling belt cleaning and the quality of deep pine can meet the agronomic requirements of no-tillage and deep sowing. It has good operating results for our land feature which is dividing into small piece while saving time and labor,and it also with great economic benefits.
A new no-tillage and subsoiling planter,has been developed by Shandong Agricultural University to solve the problem which is the stubble of the wheat that will influence the soiling of the corn and the issue of the tillage depth's insufficient causing hard bottom plow. This planter is mainly composed of the rack,subsoiler,no-tillage equipment,copying mechanism,disc opener,metering devices,repression round,seed box,and it can complete a one-time process of wipe out stubble,deep pine,ditching planting,casing,repression and other processes. The field experiment showed that the maize no-till and deep-sowing planter could realize the high-speed operation of 8 km/h,the quality of seeding,the quality of seedling belt cleaning and the quality of deep pine can meet the agronomic requirements of no-tillage and deep sowing. It has good operating results for our land feature which is dividing into small piece while saving time and labor,and it also with great economic benefits.
引文
[1]邢海波,马全洋,催丽敏,等.玉米保护性耕作技术要点[J].现代农业科学,2008(11):32-33.
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[5]孙福辉,封俊,宋卫堂,等.2BDY-12单体仿形压轮式播种机的性能试验研究[J].农业机械学报,1998,29(8):31-34.
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[7]姚宗路,王晓燕,李洪文,等.2BMD-12型小麦对行免耕施肥播种机改进与试验研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(5):46-51.
[8]高娜娜,张东兴,杨丽,等.驱动分禾杆与被动分禾栅板组合式防堵机构设计[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(6):85-91+52.
[9]李宝筏,刘安东,包文育,等.东北垄作滚动圆盘式耕播机[J].农业机械学报,2006,37(5):57-59.
[2]山东省农业机械技术推广站,山东省农业技术推广总站.小麦秸秆切碎直接还田和玉米免耕抢茬播种技术意见[J].农业技术与装备,2009(9):10-11.
[3]贾延明,尚长青,张振国.保护性耕作适应性试验及关键技术研究[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(1):78-82.
[4]刘忠军,刘立晶,杨学军,等.指夹式玉米免耕精密播种机的设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(S2):1-6.
[5]孙福辉,封俊,宋卫堂,等.2BDY-12单体仿形压轮式播种机的性能试验研究[J].农业机械学报,1998,29(8):31-34.
[6]马星.自激式振动深松机设计及试验研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2016.
[7]姚宗路,王晓燕,李洪文,等.2BMD-12型小麦对行免耕施肥播种机改进与试验研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(5):46-51.
[8]高娜娜,张东兴,杨丽,等.驱动分禾杆与被动分禾栅板组合式防堵机构设计[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(6):85-91+52.
[9]李宝筏,刘安东,包文育,等.东北垄作滚动圆盘式耕播机[J].农业机械学报,2006,37(5):57-59.