施肥量和种植密度对冬小麦叶面积及产量的调控
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摘要
为明确冬小麦叶片对施肥量和种植密度的动态响应,采用多因素随机区组设计试验方法,对优质冬小麦陇鉴110、平凉43号和中优335的叶面积系数进行了研究;应用灰色关联度分析法对不同生育时期叶面积系数和产量进行了分析,并对产量进行了方程拟合。结果表明,在高肥(N:210 kg/hm~2)、高密度(420万粒/hm~2)水平下,陇鉴110和平凉43号产量最高,分别为4 188.093 kg/hm~2和3 789.894 kg/hm~2,与其他处理产量差异达显著(p <0.05)水平;中优335在中肥(N:105 kg/hm~2)、高密度(420万粒/hm~2)水平下产量最高,为3 018.175 kg/hm~2,与其他处理差异不显著(p> 0.05)。模拟方程结果表明,陇鉴110产量还有很大的潜力,平凉43号在高肥、高密度水平下产量还有潜力,而中优335不适宜在该地区种植。从灰色关联度分析可以看出,促进后期的叶面积是增加生物产量的有效手段,增加经济产量的关键是增大分蘖期叶面积。
Multi-factor Randomized Complete Block Design(RCBD) experiment was conducted to analyze the effect of fertilization dose and sowing density on the characteristics of leaf area in three high-quality winter wheat cultivars Longjian 110,Pingliang 43 and Zhongyou 335. The grey correlation analyses were then conducted based on the fitting result of yield via equation for the leaf area coefficient of different growth period and yield indicators. The results indicated that the yield of Longjian 110 and Pingliang 43 is the highest in fertilizer(N:210 kg/hm~2),density(4.2 million/hm~2)levels,were 4 188.093 kg/hm~2,3 789.894 kg/hm~2,and the difference between other processing in yield was significant(p<0.05). Zhongyou 335 has the highest yield at the level of fertilizer(N:105 kg/hm~2) and density(4.2 million/hm~2),which is 3 018.175 kg/hm~2,and is not significantly different between other treatments(p>0.05). The result of the simulation equation showed that the output of Longjian 110 has great potential. Pingliang43 has the potential on yield at high levels of fertilization dose and sowing density. Zhongyou 335 is not suitable for planting in this area. The grey correlation analysis can be seen that promoting the leaf area in the growth later period is an effective means to increase the biological yield. To increase economic output,the key is to increase the area of tillering stage.
Multi-factor Randomized Complete Block Design(RCBD) experiment was conducted to analyze the effect of fertilization dose and sowing density on the characteristics of leaf area in three high-quality winter wheat cultivars Longjian 110,Pingliang 43 and Zhongyou 335. The grey correlation analyses were then conducted based on the fitting result of yield via equation for the leaf area coefficient of different growth period and yield indicators. The results indicated that the yield of Longjian 110 and Pingliang 43 is the highest in fertilizer(N:210 kg/hm~2),density(4.2 million/hm~2)levels,were 4 188.093 kg/hm~2,3 789.894 kg/hm~2,and the difference between other processing in yield was significant(p<0.05). Zhongyou 335 has the highest yield at the level of fertilizer(N:105 kg/hm~2) and density(4.2 million/hm~2),which is 3 018.175 kg/hm~2,and is not significantly different between other treatments(p>0.05). The result of the simulation equation showed that the output of Longjian 110 has great potential. Pingliang43 has the potential on yield at high levels of fertilization dose and sowing density. Zhongyou 335 is not suitable for planting in this area. The grey correlation analysis can be seen that promoting the leaf area in the growth later period is an effective means to increase the biological yield. To increase economic output,the key is to increase the area of tillering stage.
引文
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[2] FAO. Statistical databases,Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)of the United Nations[DB/OL].(2001-12-20)[2017-10-11]. http://www.fao.org.
[3]姜朋,杨学明,张鹏,等.播期和密度对小麦生选6号产量和品质的影响[J].江西农业学报,2014,26(7):5-9.
[4]訾妍,丁锦峰,车正,等.种植密度对扬糯麦1号籽粒产量与群体质量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2014,34(4):521-527.
[5]赵智勇,李秀绒,柴永峰,等.播期、播量和氮肥对强筋小麦“运旱618”产量和品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(21):28-31.
[6]刘愈之.小麦品种平凉44号密度与肥效试验[J].甘肃农业科技,2018(2):9-12.
[7]周凤云,李伯群,杨明,等.播期、密度与施肥水平对渝麦12号产量和品质的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2012,32(1):131-134.
[8]李豪圣,宋健民,刘爱烽,等.播期和种植密度对超高产小麦“济麦22”产量及其构成因素的影响[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(5):243-248.
[9]李筠,王龙,任立凯,等.播期、密度和氮肥运筹对冬小麦连麦2号产量与品质的调控[J].麦类作物学报,2010,30(2):303-308.