滨州市26例狂犬病病例调查分析
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摘要
目的收集26例狂犬病病例完整的流行病学个案资料,分析流行特征,为狂犬病预防控制工作提供参考。方法用Epidata建立流行病学个案数据库,用Excel表进行描述性分析。结果 2007-2009三年间共有26例狂犬病病例,年均发病率0.231/10万,100%死亡;男性明显多于女性,其发病比例为2.71∶1,病例以农民为主,占92.31%;主要传染源为自家犬(53.85%),其次为流浪犬(30.77%);以Ⅲ度暴露病例为主,暴露后多数未进行消毒处理,仅6例未完整接种狂犬疫苗但均未完成五针次接种便发病,其余患者均未接种狂犬疫苗;暴露至发病时间间隔集中于半年以内,其中最短时间10d,平均28.5d。结论应进一步加强健康宣传教育工作,提高市民特别是重点人群的自我保护意识,同时要加强犬类管理工作。
Objective To collect complete epidemiological individual case materials of 26 cases of rabies and analyze the epidemical characteristics,so as to provide scientific basis for controlling rabies.Method Collect the individual case by Epidata and input the data into Excel for analysis.Results There were 26 cases from 2007 to 2009 with annual incidence of 0.231/100 000 and the mortality rate was 100%.Male patients were more than female(2.71∶ 1).Distribution of vocation was farmers which accounted for 92.31%.The main source was their own dogs(53.85%) and followed with stray dogs(30.77%).The mainly exposed was Ⅲ degree and most of the cases had not post-exposure disinfection treatment.Only six cases hadn't been fully vaccinated without five times vaccination needle and others had not been vaccinated.The interval time of exposure to onset concentrated in less than six months and the average was 28.5 days.Conclusions We should further strengthen the work for health promotion and education and improve self-protection awareness of citizens,especially the focus groups.The dog-management work also should be strengthened.
Objective To collect complete epidemiological individual case materials of 26 cases of rabies and analyze the epidemical characteristics,so as to provide scientific basis for controlling rabies.Method Collect the individual case by Epidata and input the data into Excel for analysis.Results There were 26 cases from 2007 to 2009 with annual incidence of 0.231/100 000 and the mortality rate was 100%.Male patients were more than female(2.71∶ 1).Distribution of vocation was farmers which accounted for 92.31%.The main source was their own dogs(53.85%) and followed with stray dogs(30.77%).The mainly exposed was Ⅲ degree and most of the cases had not post-exposure disinfection treatment.Only six cases hadn't been fully vaccinated without five times vaccination needle and others had not been vaccinated.The interval time of exposure to onset concentrated in less than six months and the average was 28.5 days.Conclusions We should further strengthen the work for health promotion and education and improve self-protection awareness of citizens,especially the focus groups.The dog-management work also should be strengthened.
引文
[1]宋淼,唐青,许真,等.中国2005年狂犬病流行相关因素分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2006,27(11):956-959.
[2]宋淼,唐青,冯子健,等.1996-2006年中国狂犬病流行特征分析[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2008,24(6):584-586.
[3]丁淑军,李忠,寇增强,等.山东省2004-2005年狂犬病病例分析[J].现代预防医学,2007,34(9):1684-1687.
[4]张振开,黄少新,邓玄,等.桂林市2003～2006年狂犬病流行相关因素调查[J].现代预防医学,2008,35(14):2768-2770.
[5]吴慧,陈春华,李浩,等.北京市478人犬伤者对狂犬病的知识、态度和行为[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2009,25(12):1210-1214.
[6]邵丽艳,娜仁,王丽环,等12例犬咬伤后发生狂犬病的原因分析[J],医学动物防制,2011,27(2):168-169.
[2]宋淼,唐青,冯子健,等.1996-2006年中国狂犬病流行特征分析[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2008,24(6):584-586.
[3]丁淑军,李忠,寇增强,等.山东省2004-2005年狂犬病病例分析[J].现代预防医学,2007,34(9):1684-1687.
[4]张振开,黄少新,邓玄,等.桂林市2003～2006年狂犬病流行相关因素调查[J].现代预防医学,2008,35(14):2768-2770.
[5]吴慧,陈春华,李浩,等.北京市478人犬伤者对狂犬病的知识、态度和行为[J].中国人兽共患病学报,2009,25(12):1210-1214.
[6]邵丽艳,娜仁,王丽环,等12例犬咬伤后发生狂犬病的原因分析[J],医学动物防制,2011,27(2):168-169.