东准噶尔卡拉麦里蛇绿混杂岩中斜长角闪岩的发现与洋中脊构造环境的确认
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摘要
在新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里蛇绿混杂带中新发现了斜长角闪岩,主要呈透镜状夹持于变质橄榄岩之中。采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法,获得斜长角闪岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(402.7±4.9)Ma,表明其原岩形成时代为早泥盆世。岩相学、岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素分析表明,斜长角闪岩的原岩可能为变辉长岩,样品SiO_2含量为47.58%~50.57%,MgO含量为8.04%~9.12%及对应的Mg#值为63.89~67.64,Ni和Cr含量分别为68.9×10~(-6)~99.2×10~(-6)和306×10~(-6)~398×10~(-6),与洋中脊拉斑玄武岩一致。稀土元素配分曲线呈弱亏损型至平坦型,微量元素蛛网图总体与N-MORB相似,无明显的Nb、Ta Zr、Hf及Ti的亏损,各元素的丰度也与N-MORB接近。样品均具有较高εNd(t)值(8.7~9.2),表明其原始岩浆来源于亏损地幔。在TiO_2-FeOT/MgO和Th-Ta-Hf/3构造环境判别图解中,所有样品均落入洋中脊玄武岩区域内。结合区域地质构造背景,认为斜长角闪岩可能形成于洋中脊构造环境,代表了被肢解的古洋盆岩石圈残片,应为卡拉麦里蛇绿混杂岩的组成部分,揭示了该洋盆的开启时限至少可追溯至早泥盆世。
The amphibolite, which is lenticular in shape and is wrapped in metamorphic peridotites, was discovered in the Kalamaili ophiolitic mélange belt, East Junggar, Xinjiang. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of the amphibolite yielded an age of(402.7±4.9)Ma, indicating that it was formed in Early Devonian. Petrographic, whole-rock chemical and Sr-Nd isotopic data suggest that the source rocks of the amphibolites were probably the meta-gabbro. The rock samples have SiO_2, MgO and Mg#values of 47.58%-50.57%, 8.04%-9.12% and 63.89-67.64, respectively. They also have Ni and Cr values of 68.9×10~(-6)-99.2×10~(-6)and 306×10~(-6)-398×10~(-6). All these geochemical data are similar to the average value of MORB. The REE of the rocks show weak depletion to flatteningpattern. The features of the trace elements of the rocks are similar to those of the N-MORB, suggesting no obvious depletion of Nb,Ta, Zr, Hf and Ti. The samples have high εNd(t) values varying from 8.7 to 9.2, suggesting that the original magma of the rocks was derived from the depleted mantle. On the TiO_2 versus FeOT/MgO and Th versus Ta versus Hf/3 diagrams, all samples fall in the MORB field. Combined with the geological background, the authors hold that the amphibolite was probably formed in a midoceanic ridge setting and represented the lithosphere fragments of the dismembered ancient ocean basin, being a part of the Kalamaili ophiolitic mélange. This research reveals that the opening time of the Kalamaili ocean basin was the Early Devonian at least.
The amphibolite, which is lenticular in shape and is wrapped in metamorphic peridotites, was discovered in the Kalamaili ophiolitic mélange belt, East Junggar, Xinjiang. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of the amphibolite yielded an age of(402.7±4.9)Ma, indicating that it was formed in Early Devonian. Petrographic, whole-rock chemical and Sr-Nd isotopic data suggest that the source rocks of the amphibolites were probably the meta-gabbro. The rock samples have SiO_2, MgO and Mg#values of 47.58%-50.57%, 8.04%-9.12% and 63.89-67.64, respectively. They also have Ni and Cr values of 68.9×10~(-6)-99.2×10~(-6)and 306×10~(-6)-398×10~(-6). All these geochemical data are similar to the average value of MORB. The REE of the rocks show weak depletion to flatteningpattern. The features of the trace elements of the rocks are similar to those of the N-MORB, suggesting no obvious depletion of Nb,Ta, Zr, Hf and Ti. The samples have high εNd(t) values varying from 8.7 to 9.2, suggesting that the original magma of the rocks was derived from the depleted mantle. On the TiO_2 versus FeOT/MgO and Th versus Ta versus Hf/3 diagrams, all samples fall in the MORB field. Combined with the geological background, the authors hold that the amphibolite was probably formed in a midoceanic ridge setting and represented the lithosphere fragments of the dismembered ancient ocean basin, being a part of the Kalamaili ophiolitic mélange. This research reveals that the opening time of the Kalamaili ocean basin was the Early Devonian at least.
引文
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Liang Yunhai,Li Wenqian,Li Weidong,Li Yaping.1999.Ophiolitic emplacement mechanism of Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Geology,17(4):344-349(in Chinese with English abstract).
Li X H,Liu Y,Li Q L,Guo C H and Chamberlain K R..2009.Precise determination of Phanerozoic zircon Pb/Pb ageby multicollector SIMS without external standardization,Geochem[J].Geophys.Geosyst,10,Q04010,doi:10.1029/2009GC002400.
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Long X P,Yuan C,Sun M.2012.Geochemistry and U-Pb detrital zircon dating of Paleozoic graywackes in East Junggar,NW China:Insights into subduction-accretion processes in the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt[J].Gondwana Research,21:637-653.
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Seng?r A M C,Natal'in B.1996.Turkic-type orogeny and its role in the making of the continental crust[J].Annual Reviews of Earth and Planetary Sciences,24:263-337.
Shervais J W.1982.Ti-V plots and the petrogenesis of modern and ophiolitic lavas[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,31:457-484
Shu Liangshu,Wang Yujing.2003.Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous radiolarian fossils from siliceous rocks of the Kelamaili ophiolite,Xinjiang[J].Geological Review,49(4):408-412(in Chinese with English abstract).
Sun S S,Mc Donough W F.1989.Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts:Implication for mantle composition and processes[C]//Saunder A D,Norry M J,eds.Magmatism in the Ocean Basins[J].Geological Society London Special Publications,42:313-345.
Tang Hongfeng,Su Yuping,Liu Congqiang,Hou Guangshun,Wang Yanbin.2007.Zircon U-Pb age of the plagiogranite in Kalamaili belt,northern Xinjiang and its tectonic implications[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,31(1):110-117(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tian Jian,Liao Qunan,Fan Guangming,Nie Xiaomei,Wang Fuming.2015.The discovery and tectonic implication of Early Carboniferous post-collisional I-type granites from the south of Karamaili in eastern Junngar[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,31(5):1471-1484(in Chinese with English abstract).
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