基于残差修正的离心泵差异演化建模与汽蚀特性
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摘要
为构建精确的离心泵数学模型,在其机理模型基础上,利用差异演化算法自动辨识模型的参数和结构,并采用已有实验数据与该模型的残差实行修正,得到了精度较高的离心泵扬程-转速-流量模型;在该模型和已有凝水系统模型的基础上,研究某型船用凝水系统在凝水泵转速、冷凝器压力及冷凝器水位变化时的汽蚀特性。仿真结果显示:基于残差修正方法的差异演化算法可以自动生成满足计算精度和计算实时性的离心泵显式模型。在特定的运行条件下,过高的凝水泵转速、过高的冷凝器压力和过低的冷凝器水位,均会导致凝水泵汽蚀。定性和定量分析结果可以为该型船用凝水系统的设计和控制优化提供参考。
To establish an accurate mathematical model of a centrifugal pump,the structure and parameters of a centrifugal pump model were identified automatically on the basis of its mechanism model with differential evolution algorithm. The model was updated on the basis of the residual of the original test data and identification results,and the head-rotation speed-flow rate model of the centrifugal pump was obtained. Then,on the basis of the obtained model and the existing condensate system model,the simulation of the cavitation characteristics of a marine condensate system was conducted when the condensate pump rotation speed,condenser pressure,and condenser water level change. Results show that the differential evolution algorithm with residual correction can automatically generate the explicit model of the centrifugal pump,which satisfies the precision and real-time performance requirements during calculation. Moreover,under specific operating conditions,a fast condensate pump rotation speed,a high condenser pressure,and a low condenser water level will lead to cavitation of the condensate pump. The qualitative and quantitative analysis results can provide a reference for the design and control optimization of the marine condensate system.
To establish an accurate mathematical model of a centrifugal pump,the structure and parameters of a centrifugal pump model were identified automatically on the basis of its mechanism model with differential evolution algorithm. The model was updated on the basis of the residual of the original test data and identification results,and the head-rotation speed-flow rate model of the centrifugal pump was obtained. Then,on the basis of the obtained model and the existing condensate system model,the simulation of the cavitation characteristics of a marine condensate system was conducted when the condensate pump rotation speed,condenser pressure,and condenser water level change. Results show that the differential evolution algorithm with residual correction can automatically generate the explicit model of the centrifugal pump,which satisfies the precision and real-time performance requirements during calculation. Moreover,under specific operating conditions,a fast condensate pump rotation speed,a high condenser pressure,and a low condenser water level will lead to cavitation of the condensate pump. The qualitative and quantitative analysis results can provide a reference for the design and control optimization of the marine condensate system.
引文
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[2]率志君,张权,陈春来,等.多级离心泵整机流场三维非稳态湍流压力脉动特性分析[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2013,34(3):306-311.SHUAI Zhijun, ZHANG Quan, CHEN Chunlai, et al.Characteristic analysis of three-dimensional unsteady turbulent pressure fluctuation in whole flow field of multi-stage centrifugal pump[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2013,34(3):306-311.
[3]江伟,李国君,张新盛.基于叶片载荷分布的离心泵叶轮水力性能优化[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2015,36(4):505-510.JIANG Wei,LI Guojun,ZHANG Xinsheng. Optimization of the hydraulic performance of a centrifugal pump impeller based on the blade load distribution[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2015,36(4):505-510.
[4]OMAR A K,KHALDI A,LADOUANI A. Prediction of centrifugal pump performance using energy loss analysis[J]. Australian journal of mechanical engineering,2017,15(3):210-221.
[5]SAFIKHANI H,KHALKHALI A,FARAJPOOR M. Pareto based multi-objective optimization of centrifugal pumps using CFD,neural networks and genetic algorithms[J]. Engineering applications of computational fluid mechanics,2011,5(1):37-48.
[6]ZHOU Ling,SHI Weidong,WU Suqing. Performance optimization in a centrifugal pump impeller by orthogonal experiment and numerical simulation[J]. Advances in mechanical engineering,,2013:385809.
[7]REN Yun,ZHU Zuchao,WU Denghao,et al. An improved turbulence model for separation flow in a centrifugal pump[J]. Advances in mechanical engineering,2016,8(6):1-10.
[8]ZHANG Fan,YUAN Shouqi,FU Qiang,et al. Cavitation-induced unsteady flow characteristics in the first stage of a centrifugal charging pump[J]. Journal of fluids engineering,2017,139(1):011303.
[9]CHALGHOUM I,KANFOUDI H,ELAOUD S,et al. Numerical modeling of the flow inside a centrifugal pump:influence of impeller-volute interaction on velocity and pressure fields[J]. Arabian journal for science and engineering,2016,41(11):4463-4476.
[10]WANG Chuan,SHI Weidong,WANG Xikun,et al. Optimal design of multistage centrifugal pump based on the combined energy loss model and computational fluid dynamics[J]. Applied energy,2017,187:10-26.
[11]张玉良,肖俊建,崔宝玲,等.离心泵快速变工况瞬态过程特性模拟[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(11):68-75.ZHANG Yuliang,XIAO Junjian,CUI Baoling,et al.Simulation of transient behavior in prototype centrifugal pump during rapid regulating flow rate[J]. Transactions of the Chinese society of agricultural engineering,2014,30(11):68-75.
[12]GUO Xiaomei,ZHU Linhang,ZHU Zuchao,et al. Numerical and experimental investigations on the cavitation characteristics of a high-speed centrifugal pump with a splitter-blade inducer[J]. Journal of mechanical science and technology,2015,29(1):259-267.
[13]尹雅芹.基于MATLAB的多级离心泵性能预测建模的研究[D].合肥:安徽大学,2015.YIN Yaqin. Research on performance prediction model for multistage centrifugal pump based on MATLAB[D].Hefei:Anhui University,2015.
[14]李良,陈五星,邹海.汽轮给水泵系统数学模型辨识[C]//第35届中国控制会议论文集(B).成都,2016:2182-2187.LI Liang, CHEN Wuxing, ZOU Hai. Identification of mathematical model for the steam turbine pump system[C]//Proceedings of the 35th Chinese Control Conference. Chengdu,2016:2182-2187.
[15]吴小平,把多铎,胡沙沙,等.基于MATLAB离心泵特性曲线的拟合与绘制[J].中国农村水利水电,2010(11):144-146.WU Xiaoping,BA Duoduo,HU Shasha,et al. Fitting and drawing of characteristic curve of centrifugal pump based on Matlab[J]. China rural water and hydropower,2010(11):144-146.
[16]STORN R,PRICE K. Differential evolution-a simple and efficient heuristic for global optimization over continuous spaces[J]. Journal of global optimization,1997,11(4):341-359.
[17]武志峰.差异演化算法及其应用研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2009.WU Zhifeng. Research on differential evolution algorithm and its application[D]. Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2009.
[18]DAS S,MULLICK S S,SUGANTHAN P N. Recent advances in differential evolution:an updated survey[J].Swarm and evolutionary computation,2016,27:1-30.
[19]倪何,肖航,曾凡明,等.基于残差修正的涡轮增压机组差异演化建模与降负荷特性分析[J].上海交通大学学报,2015,49(5):620-625,632.NI He,XIAO Hang,ZENG Fanming,et al. Differential evolutionary modeling with residual correction and download characteristic analysis for marine turbocharged unit[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2015,49(5):620-625,632.
[20]倪何,程刚,孙丰瑞.基于混合演化的自适应建模及其应用[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2010,44(8):1490-1495.NI He,CHENG Gang,SUN Fengrui. Adaptive hybrid evolutionary modeling method and its application[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University(engineering science),2010,44(8):1490-1495.
[21]倪何,程刚,孙丰瑞.热工流体网络简易模块化建模方法[J].系统仿真学报,2009,21(12):3536-3541.NI He,CHENG Gang,SUN Fengrui. Simple modular modeling method of thermo-fluid network[J]. Journal of system simulation,2009,21(12):3536-3541.