基于资源环境承载力的国土空间管制分区研究
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摘要
资源环境承载力是衡量一个地区人地关系协调发展程度的重要依据。基于资源环境承载力评价结果研究国土空间管制分区有利于优化国土空间开发格局,更充分地考虑土地适宜性,有利于土地合理利用和生态文明建设。采用层次分析法和GIS空间分析法,以罗定市为研究区域,计算得出罗定市适宜发展用地536.6 km~2,限制发展用地1 445.5 km~2,禁止发展用地352.8km~2,在理想条件下土地资源所能承载的最大人口规模为466.6万,在耕地保护目标下最大承载人口规模为240.9万。基于资源环境系统承载力评价结果,结合罗定市土地利用现状和资源环境特点,将罗定市划分为生态环境安全控制区、生态涵养区、综合发展区和中心发展区4个类型区。基于资源环境承载力评价的国土空间管制分区可以为罗定市今后的国土空间开发格局优化提供科学参考。
Resources and environmental carrying capacity is an important basis for measuring the degree of coordinated development of human-land relations in a region. Based on the evaluation of resources and environmental carrying capacity, the study of space regionalization can help optimize patterns of national land and space development. In addition, it can fully account for the suitability of land and facilitate the rational use of land and the construction of ecological civilization. The present study used an analytic hierarchy process and GIS spatial analysis to evaluate the two dimensions of the resource environment constraint system and safeguard system using Luoding City as a research area. The results showed that 536.6, 1 445.5 km~2, and 352.8 km~2 of Luoding City were designated as suitable for development, suitable for restricted development, and not suitable for development, respectively. In addition, the maximum population size that could be supported by land resources(i.e., carrying capacity)was calculated as 4.67 million, whereas carrying capacity under the protection of cultivated land was calculated as 2.41 million. Meanwhile, based on the assessment of resources and environmental carrying capacity, as well as land use status and resource and environment characteristics, Luoding City was categorized into four areas:Ecological environment security control area, ecological conservation area, comprehensive development area, and central development area. Space regionalization that is based on the evaluation of resources and environmental carrying capacity represents a scientific resource that can be used to optimize the future territorial spatial development pattern of Luoding City.
Resources and environmental carrying capacity is an important basis for measuring the degree of coordinated development of human-land relations in a region. Based on the evaluation of resources and environmental carrying capacity, the study of space regionalization can help optimize patterns of national land and space development. In addition, it can fully account for the suitability of land and facilitate the rational use of land and the construction of ecological civilization. The present study used an analytic hierarchy process and GIS spatial analysis to evaluate the two dimensions of the resource environment constraint system and safeguard system using Luoding City as a research area. The results showed that 536.6, 1 445.5 km~2, and 352.8 km~2 of Luoding City were designated as suitable for development, suitable for restricted development, and not suitable for development, respectively. In addition, the maximum population size that could be supported by land resources(i.e., carrying capacity)was calculated as 4.67 million, whereas carrying capacity under the protection of cultivated land was calculated as 2.41 million. Meanwhile, based on the assessment of resources and environmental carrying capacity, as well as land use status and resource and environment characteristics, Luoding City was categorized into four areas:Ecological environment security control area, ecological conservation area, comprehensive development area, and central development area. Space regionalization that is based on the evaluation of resources and environmental carrying capacity represents a scientific resource that can be used to optimize the future territorial spatial development pattern of Luoding City.
引文
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[9]徐理,周勇,许倍慎.基于土地生态环境质量的建设用地空间管制分区评价[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(1):222-226.XU Li,ZHOU Yong,XU Bei-shen.Evaluation of spatial control division of construction lands based on land eco-environment quality[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,32(1):222-226.
[10]高永年,高俊峰,韩文权.基于生态安全格局的湖州市城乡建设用地空间管制分区[J].长江流域资源与环境,2011,20(12):1446-1453.GAO Yong-nian,GAO Jun-feng,HAN Wen-quan.Spatial allocation of the urban and rural construction land in terms of ecological security pattern in Huzhou City[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2011,20(12):1446-1453.
[11]王雪军,付晓,孙玉军,等.基于GIS赣州市资源环境承载力评价[J].江西农业大学学报,2013,35(6):1325-1332.WANG Xue-jun,FU Xiao,SUN Yu-jun,et al.Assessment of regional carrying capacity of resources and environment in Ganzhou City based on GIS[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitis Jiangxiensis,2013,35(6):1325-1332.
[12]蒋辉,罗国云.资源环境承载力研究的缘起与发展[J].资源开发与市场,2011,27(5):453-456.JIANG Hui,LUO Guo-yun.Overview on research of resource environmental bearing capacity[J].Resource Development and Market,2011,27(5):453-456.
[13]Price D.Carrying capacity reconsidered[J].Population and Environment,1999,21(1):5-26.
[14]Clarke A L.Assessing the carrying capacity of the Florida Keys[J].Population and Environment,2002,23(4):405-418.
[15]范树平,程久苗,程美琴,等.国内外土地利用分区研究概况与展望[J].广东土地科学,2009,8(4):22-27.FAN Shu-ping,CHENG Jiu-miao,CHENG Mei-qin,et al.Review and prospects of land use zoning research[J].Guangdong Land Science,2009,8(4):22-27.
[16]刘明.丘陵山区资源环境承载力评价与土地利用功能分区研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2016.LIU Ming.Research on resource-environment carrying capacity and regional division of land use function in hilly areas[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2016.
[17]付金存,李豫新,徐匆匆.城市综合承载力的内涵辨析与限制性因素发掘[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(3):106-111.FU Jin-cun,LI Yu-xin,XU Cong-cong.The evolution process and limiting factors of urban comprehensive carrying capacity[J].Urban Development Studies,2014,21(3):106-111.
[18]牛叔文,李怡涵,马利邦,等.资源环境约束下的中国人口增长问题研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010,20(3):253-256.NIU Shu-wen,LI Yi-han,MA Li-bang,et al.Population growth and its control under the limit of resources and environment in China[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2010,20(3):253-256.
[19]王振波,张蔷,张晓瑞,等.基于资源环境承载力的合肥市增长边界划定[J].地理研究,2013,32(12):2302-2311.WANG Zhen-bo,ZHANG Qiang,ZHANG Xiao-rui,et al.Urban growth boundary delimitation of Hefei City based on the resources and environment carrying capability[J].Geographical Research,2013,32(12):2302-2311.
[20]王宗记.城市综合承载力导向下的城市增长边界划定--以常州城市承载力规划研究为例[J].江苏城市规划,2011(5):14-17.WANG Zong-ji.Delineation of urban growth boundary under the direction of urban comprehensive bearing capacity:Taking the study of Changzhou urban bearing capacity as example[J].Jiangsu Urban Planning,2011(5):14-17.
[21]毛汉英,余丹林.区域承载力定量研究方法探讨[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(4):549-555.MAO Han-ying,YU Dan-lin.A study on the quantitative research of regional carrying capacity[J].Advances in Earth Science,2001,16(4):549-555.
[22]滕宇思.基于系统动力学的西安市土地综合承载力评价与预测研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2016.TENG Yu-si.Research on evaluation and prediction of land comprehensive carrying capacity in Xi′an City based on system dynamics[D].Xi′an:Northwestern Polytechnical University,2016.
[23]胡敏,刘心雨.基于层次分析法的江苏省城市资源环境承载力的综合评价[J].经济研究导刊,2013(35):101-104.HU Min,LIU Xin-yu.Comprehensive evaluation of urban resource and environment carrying capacity in Jiangsu Province based on analytic hierarchy process[J].Economic Research Guide,2013(35):101-104.
[24]温亮,游珍,林裕梅,等.基于层次分析法的土地资源承载力评价--以宁国市为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(3):1-6.WEN Liang,YOU Zhen,LIN Yu-mei,et al.Evaluation on land carrying capacity:A case of Ningguo City[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,2017,38(3):1-6.
[2]李裕瑞,刘彦随,龙花楼,等.大城市郊区村域转型发展的资源环境效应与优化调控研究--以北京市顺义区北村为例[J].地理学报,2013,68(6):825-838.LI Yu-rui,LIU Yan-sui,LONG Hua-lou,et al.Village transformation development,resources and environment effects and their optimal regulation in the metropolitan suburbs:The case of Beicun in Shunyi District,Beijing[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,2013,68(6):825-838.
[3]徐邓耀,税远友.论土地利用分区[J].四川师范学院学报(自然科学版),1996,17(2):71-74.XU Deng-yao,SHUI Yuan-you.On district division of land[J].Journal of Sichuan Teachers College(Natural Science),1996,17(2):71-74.
[4]冯红燕,谭永忠,王庆日,等.中国土地利用分区研究综述[J].中国土地科学,2010,24(8):71-76.FENG Hong-yan,TAN Yong-zhong,WANG Qing-ri,et al.Review of the research on land use zoning in China[J].China Land Science,2010,24(8):71-76.
[5]赵荣钦,黄贤金,钟太洋,等.聚类分析在江苏沿海地区土地利用分区中的应用[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(6):310-314.ZHAO Rong-qin,HUANG Xian-jin,ZHONG Tai-yang,et al.Application of clustering analysis to land use zoning of coastal region in Jiangsu Province[J].Transactions of the CASE,2010,26(6):310-314.
[6]李丹,韩书成,张燕纯,等.基于主成分与聚类分析法的城市土地利用规划分区研究--以广州市为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(6):130-136,143.LI Dan,HAN Shu-cheng,ZHANG Yan-chun,et al.Urban land use planning based on principal component and hierarchical clustering analysis:A case study of Guangzhou[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,2017,38(6):130-136,143.
[7]钟海燕,赵小敏,黄宏胜.土地利用分区与主体功能区协调的实证研究--以环鄱阳湖区为例[J].经济地理,2011,31(9):1523-1527,1551.ZHONG Hai-yan,ZHAO Xiao-min,HUANG Hong-sheng.Study on land use zoning in the region around Poyang Lake based on major function oriented zoning[J].Economic Geography,2011,31(9):1523-1527,1551.
[8]韩书成,濮励杰.土地利用分区内容及其他区划的关系[J].国土资源科技管理,2008,25(3):11-16.HAN Shu-cheng,PU Li-jie.Goals,tasks and systems of land use regionalization and relation with other types of regionalization[J].Scientific and Technological Management of Land and Resources,2008,25(3):11-16.
[9]徐理,周勇,许倍慎.基于土地生态环境质量的建设用地空间管制分区评价[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(1):222-226.XU Li,ZHOU Yong,XU Bei-shen.Evaluation of spatial control division of construction lands based on land eco-environment quality[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,32(1):222-226.
[10]高永年,高俊峰,韩文权.基于生态安全格局的湖州市城乡建设用地空间管制分区[J].长江流域资源与环境,2011,20(12):1446-1453.GAO Yong-nian,GAO Jun-feng,HAN Wen-quan.Spatial allocation of the urban and rural construction land in terms of ecological security pattern in Huzhou City[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2011,20(12):1446-1453.
[11]王雪军,付晓,孙玉军,等.基于GIS赣州市资源环境承载力评价[J].江西农业大学学报,2013,35(6):1325-1332.WANG Xue-jun,FU Xiao,SUN Yu-jun,et al.Assessment of regional carrying capacity of resources and environment in Ganzhou City based on GIS[J].Acta Agriculturae Universitis Jiangxiensis,2013,35(6):1325-1332.
[12]蒋辉,罗国云.资源环境承载力研究的缘起与发展[J].资源开发与市场,2011,27(5):453-456.JIANG Hui,LUO Guo-yun.Overview on research of resource environmental bearing capacity[J].Resource Development and Market,2011,27(5):453-456.
[13]Price D.Carrying capacity reconsidered[J].Population and Environment,1999,21(1):5-26.
[14]Clarke A L.Assessing the carrying capacity of the Florida Keys[J].Population and Environment,2002,23(4):405-418.
[15]范树平,程久苗,程美琴,等.国内外土地利用分区研究概况与展望[J].广东土地科学,2009,8(4):22-27.FAN Shu-ping,CHENG Jiu-miao,CHENG Mei-qin,et al.Review and prospects of land use zoning research[J].Guangdong Land Science,2009,8(4):22-27.
[16]刘明.丘陵山区资源环境承载力评价与土地利用功能分区研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2016.LIU Ming.Research on resource-environment carrying capacity and regional division of land use function in hilly areas[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2016.
[17]付金存,李豫新,徐匆匆.城市综合承载力的内涵辨析与限制性因素发掘[J].城市发展研究,2014,21(3):106-111.FU Jin-cun,LI Yu-xin,XU Cong-cong.The evolution process and limiting factors of urban comprehensive carrying capacity[J].Urban Development Studies,2014,21(3):106-111.
[18]牛叔文,李怡涵,马利邦,等.资源环境约束下的中国人口增长问题研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2010,20(3):253-256.NIU Shu-wen,LI Yi-han,MA Li-bang,et al.Population growth and its control under the limit of resources and environment in China[J].China Population,Resources and Environment,2010,20(3):253-256.
[19]王振波,张蔷,张晓瑞,等.基于资源环境承载力的合肥市增长边界划定[J].地理研究,2013,32(12):2302-2311.WANG Zhen-bo,ZHANG Qiang,ZHANG Xiao-rui,et al.Urban growth boundary delimitation of Hefei City based on the resources and environment carrying capability[J].Geographical Research,2013,32(12):2302-2311.
[20]王宗记.城市综合承载力导向下的城市增长边界划定--以常州城市承载力规划研究为例[J].江苏城市规划,2011(5):14-17.WANG Zong-ji.Delineation of urban growth boundary under the direction of urban comprehensive bearing capacity:Taking the study of Changzhou urban bearing capacity as example[J].Jiangsu Urban Planning,2011(5):14-17.
[21]毛汉英,余丹林.区域承载力定量研究方法探讨[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(4):549-555.MAO Han-ying,YU Dan-lin.A study on the quantitative research of regional carrying capacity[J].Advances in Earth Science,2001,16(4):549-555.
[22]滕宇思.基于系统动力学的西安市土地综合承载力评价与预测研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2016.TENG Yu-si.Research on evaluation and prediction of land comprehensive carrying capacity in Xi′an City based on system dynamics[D].Xi′an:Northwestern Polytechnical University,2016.
[23]胡敏,刘心雨.基于层次分析法的江苏省城市资源环境承载力的综合评价[J].经济研究导刊,2013(35):101-104.HU Min,LIU Xin-yu.Comprehensive evaluation of urban resource and environment carrying capacity in Jiangsu Province based on analytic hierarchy process[J].Economic Research Guide,2013(35):101-104.
[24]温亮,游珍,林裕梅,等.基于层次分析法的土地资源承载力评价--以宁国市为例[J].中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(3):1-6.WEN Liang,YOU Zhen,LIN Yu-mei,et al.Evaluation on land carrying capacity:A case of Ningguo City[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,2017,38(3):1-6.