液力变矩器导轮叶片表面压力测量与分析
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摘要
为深入理解液力变矩器这种典型旋转叶轮机械内部复杂三维流动现象,获取导轮叶片表面典型部位压力分布规律,提出一种定子叶片表面液体压力场测试方案,通过在导轮叶片压力面埋入微型动态压力传感器,对不同输入转速和速比工况下的导轮叶片表面典型部位压力进行试验测试并进行流场数值模拟对比。结果表明,测试数据与模拟结果高度吻合,较准确地描述了叶片表面压力场的变化趋势,叶片表面压力脉动频率与旋转叶轮转速及叶片数有关。这种压力测试方法不仅能对流场数值模拟进行有效性验证,同时也能为叶轮动态性能设计提供参考依据。
In order to deeply understand the complex three-dimensional flow phenomenon in a rotating machinery such as a hydrodynamic torque converter and obtain the pressure distribution law of the typical sites of the stator blades surface, a testbench scheme of the fluid pressure field on the stator blade surface is proposed. The micro dynamic pressure sensors are adopted to measure pressure distribution of typical sites on the stator blade surface under different operation conditions of various input speeds and speed ratios. The test data are compared with the CFD numerical simulation of flow field. The results show that the test data are in good agreement with the simulation results. The variation trend of the pressure field on the blade surface is accurately described. The frequency of the pressure pulsation on the blade surface is related to the rotational speed of the impeller and the number of blades.This pressure field test not only validates the numerical simulation of flow field, but also provides a theoretical reference for the design of dynamic performance of rotating machinery.
In order to deeply understand the complex three-dimensional flow phenomenon in a rotating machinery such as a hydrodynamic torque converter and obtain the pressure distribution law of the typical sites of the stator blades surface, a testbench scheme of the fluid pressure field on the stator blade surface is proposed. The micro dynamic pressure sensors are adopted to measure pressure distribution of typical sites on the stator blade surface under different operation conditions of various input speeds and speed ratios. The test data are compared with the CFD numerical simulation of flow field. The results show that the test data are in good agreement with the simulation results. The variation trend of the pressure field on the blade surface is accurately described. The frequency of the pressure pulsation on the blade surface is related to the rotational speed of the impeller and the number of blades.This pressure field test not only validates the numerical simulation of flow field, but also provides a theoretical reference for the design of dynamic performance of rotating machinery.
引文
[1]闫清东,魏巍,刘城,等.车用高功率液力变矩器设计理论与方法[J].液压与气动,2015(4):1-8.YAN Qingdong,WEI Wei,LIU Cheng,et al.Torque converter modern design theory and methodology[J].Chinese Hydraulic&Pneumatics,2015(4):1-8.
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[3]BY R R.Measurement and analysis of static pressure field in a torque converter pump[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,1995,117(1):109-115.
[4]BY R R,LAKSHMINARAYANA B.Measurement and analysis of static pressure field in a torque converter turbine[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,1995,117(3):473-478.
[5]BY R R,LAKSHMINARAYANA B.Static pressure measurement in a torque converter stator[R].SAE,1991:1-10.
[6]MARATHE B V,LAKSHMINARAYANA B,DONG Y.Experimental and numerical investigation of stator exit flow field of an automotive torque converter[J].Journal of Turbomachinery,1996,118(4):835-843.
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[8]MARATHE B V,LAKSHMINARAYANA B,MADDOCK D G.Experimental investigation of steady and unsteady flow field downstream of an automotive torque converter turbine and inside the stator:Part II-Unsteady Pressure on the Stator Blade Surface[J].Journal of Turbomachinery,1997,119(3):634-645.
[9]BHAR H M.Laser velocimeter measurements in the stator of a torque converter[J].SAE(Society of Automotive Engineers)Transactions,1990,99(6):1625-1634.
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[12]BRUN K,FLACK R D,GRUVER J K.Laser velocimeter measurements in the pump of an automotive torque converter:part II-unsteady measurements[J].Journal of Turbomachinery,1996,118(3):570-577.
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[14]过学迅.应用激光多普勒流速计测定液力变矩器内部流场的探讨[J].工程机械,1988(2):37-41.GUO Xuexun.Application of laser doppler velocimeter to measurement of flow in torque converter[J].Construction Machinert and Equipment,1988(2):37-41.
[15]朱经昌,过学迅.用激光多普勒流速计测量液力变矩器流场的速度分布[J].工程机械,1990(3):23-26.ZHU Jingchang,GUO Xuexun.Measurement of velocity distribution in torque converter velocity field by laser doppler velocimetry[J].Construction Machinert and Equipment,1990(3):23-26.
[16]李晋.液力变矩器内流场测试与分析技术研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2015.LI Jin.Numerical and experimental investigation of internal floe field of an hydrodynamic torque converter[D].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology,2015.
[17]李德生.液力变矩器三维流动理论的计算方法与试验研究[D].长春:长春理工大学,2006.LI Desheng.Theoretical and experimental research on three-dimensional viscous flow field of torque converter[D].Changchun:Changchun University of Science and Technology,2006.
[18]才委,马文星,褚亚旭,等.液力变矩器导轮流场数值模拟与试验[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(8):11-14.CAI Wei,MA Wenxing,CHU Yaxu,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental research on flow field in the stator of a torque converter[J].Transaction of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,38(8):11-14.
[19]褚亚旭,马文星,刘春宝,等.越野车液力变矩器流场分析与试验研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009(7):212-214.CHU Yaxu,MA Wenxing,LIU Chunbao,et al.Analysis and experimental research on flow field of torque converter equipped in off-road car[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2009(7):212-214.
[2]严鹏,吴光强,谢硕.液力变矩器泵轮流场数值分析[J].汽车工程,2004(2):183-186.YAN Peng,WU Guangqiang,XIE Shuo.Numerical analysis on pump flow field in a torque converter[J].Automotive Engineering,2004(2):183-186.
[3]BY R R.Measurement and analysis of static pressure field in a torque converter pump[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,1995,117(1):109-115.
[4]BY R R,LAKSHMINARAYANA B.Measurement and analysis of static pressure field in a torque converter turbine[J].Journal of Fluids Engineering,1995,117(3):473-478.
[5]BY R R,LAKSHMINARAYANA B.Static pressure measurement in a torque converter stator[R].SAE,1991:1-10.
[6]MARATHE B V,LAKSHMINARAYANA B,DONG Y.Experimental and numerical investigation of stator exit flow field of an automotive torque converter[J].Journal of Turbomachinery,1996,118(4):835-843.
[7]MARATHE B V,LAKSHMINARAYANA B,MADDOCK D G.Experimental investigation of steady and unsteady flow field downstream of an automotive torque converter turbine and inside the stator:Part I-Flow at exit of turbine[J].Journal of Turbomachinery,1997,119(3):624-633.
[8]MARATHE B V,LAKSHMINARAYANA B,MADDOCK D G.Experimental investigation of steady and unsteady flow field downstream of an automotive torque converter turbine and inside the stator:Part II-Unsteady Pressure on the Stator Blade Surface[J].Journal of Turbomachinery,1997,119(3):634-645.
[9]BHAR H M.Laser velocimeter measurements in the stator of a torque converter[J].SAE(Society of Automotive Engineers)Transactions,1990,99(6):1625-1634.
[10]BRUN K,FLACK R D.Laser velocimeter measurements in the turbine of an automotive torque converter:Part I-Average measurements[J].Journal of Turbomachinery.1997,119(3):646-654.
[11]BRUN K,FLACK R D.Laser Velocimeter measurements in the turbine of an automotive torque converter:Part II-Unsteady measurements[J].Journal of Turbomachinery.1997,119(3):655-662.
[12]BRUN K,FLACK R D,GRUVER J K.Laser velocimeter measurements in the pump of an automotive torque converter:part II-unsteady measurements[J].Journal of Turbomachinery,1996,118(3):570-577.
[13]WATANABE S,OTANI R,KUNIMOTO S,et al.Vibration characteristics due to cavitation in stator element of automotive torque converter at stall ondition[R].ASME Paper,FEDSM 2012-72418.
[14]过学迅.应用激光多普勒流速计测定液力变矩器内部流场的探讨[J].工程机械,1988(2):37-41.GUO Xuexun.Application of laser doppler velocimeter to measurement of flow in torque converter[J].Construction Machinert and Equipment,1988(2):37-41.
[15]朱经昌,过学迅.用激光多普勒流速计测量液力变矩器流场的速度分布[J].工程机械,1990(3):23-26.ZHU Jingchang,GUO Xuexun.Measurement of velocity distribution in torque converter velocity field by laser doppler velocimetry[J].Construction Machinert and Equipment,1990(3):23-26.
[16]李晋.液力变矩器内流场测试与分析技术研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2015.LI Jin.Numerical and experimental investigation of internal floe field of an hydrodynamic torque converter[D].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology,2015.
[17]李德生.液力变矩器三维流动理论的计算方法与试验研究[D].长春:长春理工大学,2006.LI Desheng.Theoretical and experimental research on three-dimensional viscous flow field of torque converter[D].Changchun:Changchun University of Science and Technology,2006.
[18]才委,马文星,褚亚旭,等.液力变矩器导轮流场数值模拟与试验[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(8):11-14.CAI Wei,MA Wenxing,CHU Yaxu,et al.Numerical simulation and experimental research on flow field in the stator of a torque converter[J].Transaction of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2007,38(8):11-14.
[19]褚亚旭,马文星,刘春宝,等.越野车液力变矩器流场分析与试验研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2009(7):212-214.CHU Yaxu,MA Wenxing,LIU Chunbao,et al.Analysis and experimental research on flow field of torque converter equipped in off-road car[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2009(7):212-214.