注空气改善稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐开采效果的实验研究
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摘要
为改善普通稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐开发效果,利用热采比例物理模型和地层原油高压物性分析等设备,在室内开展了注空气辅助蒸汽吞吐实验研究。实验结果表明:溶解空气后的原油体积系数增大、黏度降低,原油的气体溶解能力随压力增加而增大;空气中的氧气与原油发生低温氧化反应放出热量,并且温度和压力越高,放热量越大。未反应的N2及生成的CO2等烟气起到增压助排、扩大蒸汽波及体积、提高热效率等作用,改善了蒸汽吞吐的开采效果;低温氧化反应后原油的轻质组分减少、重质组分增加,黏度有增大趋势,但高温条件下对空气辅助蒸汽吞吐的开采效果影响不大。与常规蒸汽吞吐方式相比,空气辅助蒸汽吞吐方式可提高周期油汽比、回采水率和采出程度。
In order to improve the development effect of steam stimulation in common heavy oil reservoirs,laboratory experiments of air injection assisted steam stimulation were carried out by using thermal recovery proportional physical model and high pressure crude oil physical property analysis equipment. The results show that the volume coefficient of heavy oil increases,the viscosity deceases after air is dissolved into the crude oil,and the air dissolution capacity of crude oil increases with the increase of pressure. The low temperature oxidation between air and crude oil releases heat,and the higher the temperature and pressure,the greater the heat release. The N2 in the air and the exhaust gases produced by the low temperature oxidation such as CO2 can improve the effect of steam stimulation by increasing formation pressure,expanding steam sweep volume and improving thermal efficiency. The light components of the crude oil decrease and the heavy components increase after low temperature oxidation reaction,which will increase the viscosity of the crude oil,but has little effect on the recovery of air-assisted steam stimulation under high temperature conditions. Compared with the conventional steam stimulation,the air-assisted steam stimulation could improve the ratio of oil to stream,the water content of produced liquid and the recovery percent of reserves.
In order to improve the development effect of steam stimulation in common heavy oil reservoirs,laboratory experiments of air injection assisted steam stimulation were carried out by using thermal recovery proportional physical model and high pressure crude oil physical property analysis equipment. The results show that the volume coefficient of heavy oil increases,the viscosity deceases after air is dissolved into the crude oil,and the air dissolution capacity of crude oil increases with the increase of pressure. The low temperature oxidation between air and crude oil releases heat,and the higher the temperature and pressure,the greater the heat release. The N2 in the air and the exhaust gases produced by the low temperature oxidation such as CO2 can improve the effect of steam stimulation by increasing formation pressure,expanding steam sweep volume and improving thermal efficiency. The light components of the crude oil decrease and the heavy components increase after low temperature oxidation reaction,which will increase the viscosity of the crude oil,but has little effect on the recovery of air-assisted steam stimulation under high temperature conditions. Compared with the conventional steam stimulation,the air-assisted steam stimulation could improve the ratio of oil to stream,the water content of produced liquid and the recovery percent of reserves.
引文
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[17]张风义,许万坤,吴婷婷,等.海上多元热流体吞吐提高采收率机理及油藏适应性研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2014,21(4):75-78.ZHANG Fengyi,XU Wankun,WU Tingting,et al. Research on the mechanism of multi-thermal fluids on enhanced oil recovery and reservoir adaptability[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2014,21(4):75-78.
[2]李萍,刘志龙,邹剑,等.渤海旅大27-2油田蒸汽吞吐先导试验注采工程[J].石油学报,2016,37(2):242-247.
[3] DOU Hongen,CHANG Yuwen,YU Jun,et al. A new mathematics model and theory for heavy-oil reservoir heating by Huff and Puff[C]. SPE 106234,2007.
[4]陈会娟,张艳玉,张贤松,等.海上稠油油藏井组蒸汽吞吐参数优选研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2014,29(6):65-69.CHEN Huijuan,ZHANG Yanyu,ZHANG Xiansong,et al.Optimization of cyclic steam simulation parameters of well group in offshore heavy oil reservoirs[J]. Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University(Natural Science Edition),2014,29(6):65-69.
[5]李兆敏,孙晓娜,鹿腾,等.烟道气改善超稠油蒸汽吞吐开发效果研究[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(3):303-306.
[6]张雷,陈建波,李金蔓,等.边底水稠油油藏热采吞吐后转弱凝胶驱开发方式[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(1):124-128.ZHANG Lei,CHEN Jianbo,LI Jinman,et al. Conversion of cyclic steam stimulation to weak gel flooding in heavy oil reservoir with edge and bottom water[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(1):124-128.
[7]罗瑞兰,程林松,李春兰,等.稠油油藏注CO2吞吐适应性研究[J].西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,20(1):43-46.
[8]何万军,鲍海娟,马鸿,等.超稠油油藏小井距蒸汽吞吐转蒸汽驱先导试验[J].特种油气藏,2014,21(4):130-133.HE Wanjun,BAO Haijuan,MA Hong,et al. Pilot of steam drive after huff and puff for ultra-heavy oil reservoir with small well spacing[J]. Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2014,21(4):130-133.
[9]江航,许强辉,马德胜,等.注空气开采过程中稠油结焦量影响因素[J].石油学报,2016,37(8):1030-1036.
[10]钟立国,张守军,鲁笛,等.空气辅助蒸汽吞吐采油机理[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(2):108-115.ZHONG Liguo,ZHANG Shoujun,LU Di,et al. Oil production mechanism of air assisted steam huff and puff[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum,2015,39(2):108-115.
[11]Mohammed R F,Kevin O M. Low temperature oxidation of viscous crude oils. SPE Reservoir Engineering. 1990.
[12]于天忠.中深层超稠油油藏空气辅助蒸汽吞吐试验研究[J].特种油气藏,2013,20(5):77-80.
[13]罗强,吴永锋,李东文,等.空气辅助蒸汽吞吐低温催化氧化实验研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2012,19(5):72-74.
[14]杨戬,李相方,阎逸群,等.蒸汽-空气复合驱提高稠油采收率研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2017,39(2):111-117.YANG Jian,LI Xiangfang,YAN Yiqun,et al. Research on enhancing heavy oil recovery by steam-air flooding[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2017,39(2):111-117.
[15]MYRON I. Expanded uses of Nitrogen,Oxygen and rich air for increased production of both light oil and heavy oil[C]. SPE 86954,2004.
[16]唐晓东,刘铉东,卿大咏,等.稠油注空气低温催化氧化动力学实验[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(4):69-71.
[17]张风义,许万坤,吴婷婷,等.海上多元热流体吞吐提高采收率机理及油藏适应性研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2014,21(4):75-78.ZHANG Fengyi,XU Wankun,WU Tingting,et al. Research on the mechanism of multi-thermal fluids on enhanced oil recovery and reservoir adaptability[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2014,21(4):75-78.