不同光照对观光木幼苗生长及光合生理特性的影响
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摘要
探索适于观光木幼苗生长的遮阴条件,为观光木人工种植技术的构建提供理论依据.以1 a生观光木幼苗为试验材料,分别设置轻度遮阴(透光率73%NS)、中度遮阴(透光率45%NS)、重度遮阴(透光率23%NS),以全光照作为对照(CK),研究不同光照强度对观光木幼苗生长及光合生理的影响.结果显示:轻度遮阴处理的观光木幼苗形态指标(苗高、地径、根干质量、叶干质量、根冠比和叶面积)均显著高于全光照及其他光照处理;叶绿素总含量、游离脯氨酸含量随着遮阴度的增加而提高,而净光合速率、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量则呈相反趋势,即随遮阴度的提高而下降;气孔导度呈先升后降的变化趋势,在轻度遮阴处理下达到最大值.根据观光木幼苗各项生长指标和光合生理指标的变化趋势认为,透光率73%NS的遮阴处理更适于观光木幼苗生长.
To explore the shading conditions suitable for the growth of T. odorum seedlings,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the construction of artificial wood planting techniques. The one-year-old T. odorum seedlings were used as test materials,with light shading( light transmittance 73% NS),moderate shading( light transmittance 45%NS),and severe shading( light transmittance 23%NS) were set.The whole light was used as the control( CK).The effects of different light intensities on the growth and photosynthetic physiological indexes of T. odorum seedlings were studied. The results showed that the morphological indexes( seed height,ground diameter,root dry weight,leaf dry weight,root-shoot ratio and leaf area) of T.odorum seedlings were significantly higher than the total light and other light treatments; the total chlorophyll content and the free proline content increased with the increase of shading degree; while the net photosynthetic rate,soluble sugar and soluble protein content showed the opposite trend,that is,decreased with the increase of shading degree; stomatal conductance increased first.The trend of post-falling reaches maximum under mild shading. According to the trend of various growth indicators and photosynthetic physiological indexes of T.odorum seedlings,the shading treatment with 73%NS is more suitable for the growth of T.odorum seedlings.
To explore the shading conditions suitable for the growth of T. odorum seedlings,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the construction of artificial wood planting techniques. The one-year-old T. odorum seedlings were used as test materials,with light shading( light transmittance 73% NS),moderate shading( light transmittance 45%NS),and severe shading( light transmittance 23%NS) were set.The whole light was used as the control( CK).The effects of different light intensities on the growth and photosynthetic physiological indexes of T. odorum seedlings were studied. The results showed that the morphological indexes( seed height,ground diameter,root dry weight,leaf dry weight,root-shoot ratio and leaf area) of T.odorum seedlings were significantly higher than the total light and other light treatments; the total chlorophyll content and the free proline content increased with the increase of shading degree; while the net photosynthetic rate,soluble sugar and soluble protein content showed the opposite trend,that is,decreased with the increase of shading degree; stomatal conductance increased first.The trend of post-falling reaches maximum under mild shading. According to the trend of various growth indicators and photosynthetic physiological indexes of T.odorum seedlings,the shading treatment with 73%NS is more suitable for the growth of T.odorum seedlings.
引文
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[18]赵平娟,安锋,唐明.丛枝菌根真菌对连翘幼苗抗旱性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(2):396-399.
[19]刘登义,李征,李晶,等.不同光照强度下豆链格孢菌对白车轴草生理生化特性的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(8):1874-1880.
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[21]吕晋慧,王玄,冯雁梦,等.遮荫对金莲花光合特性和叶片解剖特征的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(19):6033-6043.
[22]金鑫,胡万良,丁磊,等.遮阴对红松幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(9):12-13,47.
[23] Miralles J,Martínez-Sánchez J J,Franco J A,et al. Rhamnus alaternus growth under four simulated shade environments:Morphological,anatomical and physiological responses[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2011,127(4):562-570.
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[26]刘柿良,马明东,潘远智,等.不同光强对两种桤木幼苗光合特性和抗氧化系统的影响[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(10):1062-1074.
[27] Lichtenthaler H K,Ac A,Marek M V,et al. Differences in pigment composition,photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll fluorescence images of sun and shade leaves of four tree species[J].Plant Physiol Biochem,2007,45(8):577-588.
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[29] Macfarlane G R,Burchett M D.Photosynthetic pigments andperoxidase activity as indicators of heavy metal stress in the Grey mangrove,Avicennia marina(Forsk.)Vierh[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2001,42(3):233-240.
[30]李彦,周晓东,楼浙辉,等.植物次生代谢产物及影响其积累的因素研究综述[J].江西林业科技,2012(3):54-60.
[31]唐钢梁,李向义,林丽莎,等.骆驼刺在不同遮阴下的水分状况变化及其生理响应[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(4):354-364.
[32]薛伟,李向义,朱军涛,等.遮阴对疏叶骆驼刺叶形态和光合参数的影响[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(1):82-90.
[33] Dong C J,Wang X L,Shang Q M.Salicylic acid regulates sugar metabolism that confers tolerance to salinity stress in cucumber seedlings[J].Scientia Horticulturae(Amsterdam),2011,129(4):629-636.
[34]杨胜伟,徐佳瑜,王晓红,等.钩藤幼苗生长的适宜遮阴度探索[J].经济林研究,2018,36(3):136-141.
[35]周昕,汪贵斌,刘琳,等.光强对喜树幼苗生长及喜树碱含量的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):9-14.
[2] Pires M V,Almeida A A F,Figueiredo A L,et al.Photosynthetic characteristics of ornamental passion flowers grown under different light intensities[J].Photosynthetica(Prague),2011,49(4):593-602.
[3] Pandey S K,Singh H,Singh J S.Species and site effects on leaf traits of woody vegetation in a dry tropical environment[J].Current science,2009,96(8):1109-1114.
[4]姜瑞芳,刘艳红.光照对珙桐幼苗光合与生长特性的影响[J].生态科学,2017,36(5):114-120.
[5]梁曼曼,弓萌萌,李寒,等.不同遮阴处理对‘绿岭’核桃树体生长发育的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2017,32(5):120-124.
[6]莫凡,易冠明,戴文君,等.观光木人工林胸径树高模型及林木分化的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2018,33(3):214-218.
[7]徐刚标,吴雪琴,蒋桂雄,等.濒危植物观光木遗传多样性及遗传结构分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2014,15(2):255-261.
[8]段左俊,陈飞飞,梁居红,等.观光木的种子发芽试验研究[J].热带林业,2018,46(3):4-7.
[9]李松海,谢安德,贲丽云,等.珍贵树种观光木研究现状及展望[J].南方农业学报,2011,42(8):968-971.
[10]宋晓凯,吴立军,屠鹏飞.观光木树皮的生物活性成分研究[J].中草药,2002,33(8):676-678.
[11]钟圣.观光木和闽楠幼树的光合生理生态特性研究[D].福州:福建师范大学,2010.
[12]刘晓涛,张泰劼,李芸瑛,等.3年生观光木夏季的光合生理特性初探[J].华南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2017,49(6):65-70.
[13]李刚.几种木兰科常绿树种幼苗的抗寒性及在冬春季节光合生理生态特征的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2006.
[14]杨敏文.快速测定植物叶片叶绿素含量方法的探讨[J].光谱实验室,2002,19(4):478-481.
[15]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:167-169.
[16]蒋昌华,叶康,高燕,等.盐胁迫对13种芍药品种部分生理指标的影响研究[J].西北林学院学报,2018,33(2):70-74.
[17]章毅,韦孟琪,孙欧文,等.不同绣球品种对干旱胁迫的生理响应及抗旱机制研究[J].西北林学院学报,2018,33(1):90-97.
[18]赵平娟,安锋,唐明.丛枝菌根真菌对连翘幼苗抗旱性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(2):396-399.
[19]刘登义,李征,李晶,等.不同光照强度下豆链格孢菌对白车轴草生理生化特性的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(8):1874-1880.
[20]蒋成益,马明东.光照胁迫条件对台湾桤木幼苗的光合生理生态响应[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(5):7-14.
[21]吕晋慧,王玄,冯雁梦,等.遮荫对金莲花光合特性和叶片解剖特征的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(19):6033-6043.
[22]金鑫,胡万良,丁磊,等.遮阴对红松幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(9):12-13,47.
[23] Miralles J,Martínez-Sánchez J J,Franco J A,et al. Rhamnus alaternus growth under four simulated shade environments:Morphological,anatomical and physiological responses[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2011,127(4):562-570.
[24] And G D F,Sharkey T D.Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis[J].Annu Rev Plant Physiol,1982,33(33):317-345.
[25] Gutiérrez D,Gutiérrez E,Pérez P,et al.Acclimation to future atmospheric CO2levels increases photochemical efficiency and mitigates photochemistry inhibition by warm temperatures in wheat under field chambers[J].Physiologia Plantarum,2010,137(1):86-100.
[26]刘柿良,马明东,潘远智,等.不同光强对两种桤木幼苗光合特性和抗氧化系统的影响[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(10):1062-1074.
[27] Lichtenthaler H K,Ac A,Marek M V,et al. Differences in pigment composition,photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll fluorescence images of sun and shade leaves of four tree species[J].Plant Physiol Biochem,2007,45(8):577-588.
[28] Gerwing J J,Farias D L.Integrating liana abundance and forest stature into an estimate of total aboveground biomass for an eastern Amazonian forest[J].Journal of Tropical Ecology,2000,16(3):327-335.
[29] Macfarlane G R,Burchett M D.Photosynthetic pigments andperoxidase activity as indicators of heavy metal stress in the Grey mangrove,Avicennia marina(Forsk.)Vierh[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2001,42(3):233-240.
[30]李彦,周晓东,楼浙辉,等.植物次生代谢产物及影响其积累的因素研究综述[J].江西林业科技,2012(3):54-60.
[31]唐钢梁,李向义,林丽莎,等.骆驼刺在不同遮阴下的水分状况变化及其生理响应[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(4):354-364.
[32]薛伟,李向义,朱军涛,等.遮阴对疏叶骆驼刺叶形态和光合参数的影响[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(1):82-90.
[33] Dong C J,Wang X L,Shang Q M.Salicylic acid regulates sugar metabolism that confers tolerance to salinity stress in cucumber seedlings[J].Scientia Horticulturae(Amsterdam),2011,129(4):629-636.
[34]杨胜伟,徐佳瑜,王晓红,等.钩藤幼苗生长的适宜遮阴度探索[J].经济林研究,2018,36(3):136-141.
[35]周昕,汪贵斌,刘琳,等.光强对喜树幼苗生长及喜树碱含量的影响[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):9-14.