甘肃省生态承载力空间定量评价及耦合协调性
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摘要
以生态环境脆弱的甘肃省为研究区,选用状态空间法从生态功能弹性力、资源环境供容力以及社会经济协调力3个维度构建生态承载力评价指标体系,对甘肃省2010年生态承载力的空间分异特征、空间关联特征以及耦合协调性进行分析。结果表明:(1)空间分布上,甘肃省生态承载力总体呈现东南高西北低,从东南高承载区向西北弱承载区逐级递减的空间分布格局;相近或相异生态地理分区的生态承载力表现出空间和数量上的一致性和差异性;特别地,河西走廊独特的绿洲生态景观,促使该地区生态承载力存在明显的空间异质性。(2)空间关联上,甘肃省生态承载力的分布呈正的全局空间自相关,存在显著的高值(或低值)集聚区;局部空间自相关LISA集聚类型主要包括HH和LL 2种类型,前者分布于甘南高原、陇南山地及河西走廊以南的祁连山区,后者则分布于苏干湖水系以北的酒泉境内与石羊河流域下游的武威民勤地区。(3)耦合协调性上,甘肃省生态承载力综合耦合协调性空间差异较大,从东南到西北呈现高-低协调相间分布的格局;较高协调地区出现在甘肃省东南部与河西走廊中东段,而较低协调地区则位于兰州-白银经济区及河西走廊西段;维度间耦合协调性受制于本地区自然和人文环境状况,使其空间分布与协调程度表现得不尽相同。
We selected Gansu Province,China—an environmentally and ecologically fragile region—as a case study for exploring the use of state-space techniques in constructing systems for evaluating ecological carrying capacity based on ecological function elasticity, resource supply and environmental capacity, and socio-economic coordination. Spatial heterogeneity,spatial autocorrelation,and coupling coordination characteristics of Gansu in 2010 were then analyzed. The results indicated that( 1) the overall ecological carrying capacity of Gansu declined progressively from a high in the southeast to a low in the northwest,and that similar and dissimilar eco-geographical regions reflect the similarities and differences in ecological carrying capacity both spatially and quantitatively. In particular,the Hexi corridor,a unique oasis of ecological landscapes,is a primary cause of the distinct spatial heterogeneity.( 2) Spatial autocorrelation of the distribution of ecological carrying capacity is positive,existing in high( or low) value cluster areas. LISA cluster of localspatial autocorrelation can be divided into two types,consisting of HH and LL cluster areas,with the former concentrated in the Gannan Plateau,and the Longnan and Qilian mountain ranges,whereas the latter cluster encompasses the northern Sugan Lake river system and the Minqin Wuwei region downstream of the Shiyang River.( 3) The comprehensive coupling coordination of ecological carrying capacity indicates the existence of large regional differences,appearing interphase distribution between high and low levels extending from the southeast to the northwest. Relatively high coordination areas are mostly located in the southeast of Gansu and the mid-eastern section of the Hexi corridor,whereas comparatively lower coordination areas situated in Lanzhou-Baiyin economic region and the western Hexi corridor. The coupling coordination between each dimension is subjected to the present situation of natural and human environments,resulting in marked differences in space and degree.
We selected Gansu Province,China—an environmentally and ecologically fragile region—as a case study for exploring the use of state-space techniques in constructing systems for evaluating ecological carrying capacity based on ecological function elasticity, resource supply and environmental capacity, and socio-economic coordination. Spatial heterogeneity,spatial autocorrelation,and coupling coordination characteristics of Gansu in 2010 were then analyzed. The results indicated that( 1) the overall ecological carrying capacity of Gansu declined progressively from a high in the southeast to a low in the northwest,and that similar and dissimilar eco-geographical regions reflect the similarities and differences in ecological carrying capacity both spatially and quantitatively. In particular,the Hexi corridor,a unique oasis of ecological landscapes,is a primary cause of the distinct spatial heterogeneity.( 2) Spatial autocorrelation of the distribution of ecological carrying capacity is positive,existing in high( or low) value cluster areas. LISA cluster of localspatial autocorrelation can be divided into two types,consisting of HH and LL cluster areas,with the former concentrated in the Gannan Plateau,and the Longnan and Qilian mountain ranges,whereas the latter cluster encompasses the northern Sugan Lake river system and the Minqin Wuwei region downstream of the Shiyang River.( 3) The comprehensive coupling coordination of ecological carrying capacity indicates the existence of large regional differences,appearing interphase distribution between high and low levels extending from the southeast to the northwest. Relatively high coordination areas are mostly located in the southeast of Gansu and the mid-eastern section of the Hexi corridor,whereas comparatively lower coordination areas situated in Lanzhou-Baiyin economic region and the western Hexi corridor. The coupling coordination between each dimension is subjected to the present situation of natural and human environments,resulting in marked differences in space and degree.
引文
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[9]王书华,毛汉英.土地综合承载力指标体系设计及评价——中国东部沿海地区案例研究.自然资源学报,2001,16(3):248-254.
[10]姚治君,王建华,江东,陈传友.区域水资源承载力的研究进展及其理论探析.水科学进展,2002,13(1):111-115.
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[16]赵先贵,肖玲,兰叶霞,王书转,马彩虹.陕西省生态足迹和生态承载力动态研究.中国农业科学,2005,38(4):746-753.
[17]陈乐天,王开运,邹春静,张桂莲,巩晋楠,葛振鸣.上海市崇明岛区生态承载力的空间分异.生态学杂志,2009,(4):734-739.
[18]金悦,陆兆华,檀菲菲,张萌,张红玉.典型资源型城市生态承载力评价——以唐山市为例.生态学报,2015,35(14):4852-4859.
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[20]邢永强,冯进城,窦明.区域生态环境承载能力理论与实践.北京:地质出版社,2007.
[21]岳东霞,杜军,刘俊艳,郭建军,张佳静,马金辉.基于RS和转移矩阵的泾河流域生态承载力时空动态评价.生态学报,2011,31(9):2550-2558.
[22]蔡海生,朱德海,张学玲,赵小敏.鄱阳湖自然保护区生态承载力.生态学报,2007,27(11):4751-4757.
[23]毛汉英,余丹林.区域承载力定量研究方法探讨.地球科学进展,2001,16(4):549-555.
[24]毛汉英,余丹林.环渤海地区区域承载力研究.地理学报,2001,56(3):363-371.
[25]余丹林,毛汉英,高群.状态空间衡量区域承载状况初探——以环渤海地区为例.地理研究,2003,22(2):201-210.
[26]熊建新,彭保发,陈端吕,王亚力,张猛.洞庭湖区生态承载力时空演化特征.地理研究,2013,32(11):2031-2040.
[27]熊建新,陈端吕,彭保发,王亚力.洞庭湖区生态承载力及系统耦合效应.经济地理,2013,33(6):155-161.
[28]熊建新,陈端吕,彭保发,邓素婷,谢雪梅.洞庭湖区生态承载力系统耦合协调度时空分异.地理科学,2014,34(9):1108-1116.
[29]胡秉民,王兆骞,吴建军,李伟光.农业生态系统结构指标体系及其量化方法研究.应用生态学报,1992,3(2):144-148.
[30]杨倩,蒙吉军,王晓东.基于多维状态空间法的漓江上游生态旅游承载力空间评价及提升策略.北京大学学报:自然科学版,2015,51(1):131-140.
[31]王富喜,毛爱华,李赫龙,贾明璐.基于熵值法的山东省城镇化质量测度及空间差异分析.地理科学,2013,33(11):1323-1329.
[32]环境保护总局.HJ/T 192-2006生态环境状况评价技术规范(试行).北京:中国环境出版社,2006.
[33]邹旭恺,任国玉,张强.基于综合气象干旱指数的中国干旱变化趋势研究.气候与环境研究,2010,15(4):371-378.
[34]喻红,曾辉,江子瀛.快速城市化地区景观组分在地形梯度上的分布特征研究.地理科学,2001,21(1):64-69.
[35]周鹏,白永平,马卫.县域交通优势度与经济潜能测度及空间格局演变研究.地域研究与开发,2015,34(5):42-46.
[36]Jenks G F.The data model concept in statistical mapping.International Yearbook of Cartography,1967,7(1):186-190.
[37]黄飞飞,张小林,余华,崔开俊.基于空间自相关的江苏省县域经济实力空间差异研究.人文地理,2009,24(2):84-89.
[38]廖重斌.环境与经济协调发展的定量评判及其分类体系——以珠江三角洲城市群为例.热带地理,1999,19(2):171-177.
[39]刘定惠,杨永春.区域经济-旅游-生态环境耦合协调度研究——以安徽省为例.长江流域资源与环境,2011,20(7):892-896.
[2]Rees W E.The ecology of sustainable development.Ecologist,1990,20:18-23.
[3]Seidl I,Tisdell C A.Carrying capacity reconsidered:from Malthus'population theory to cultural carrying capacity.Ecological economics,1999,31(3):395-408.
[4]高鹭,张宏业.生态承载力的国内外研究进展.中国人口资源与环境,2007,17(2):19-26.
[5]向芸芸,蒙吉军.生态承载力研究和应用进展.生态学杂志,2012,31(11):2958-2965.
[6]Smaal A C,Prins T C,Dankers N,Ball B.Minimum requirements for modelling bivalve carrying capacity.Aquatic Ecology,1997,31(4):423-428.
[7]Hudak A T.Rangeland mismanagement in South Africa:failure to apply ecological knowledge.Human Ecology,1999,27(1):55-78.
[8]吕贻峰,李江风,周伟,唐太平.阳新县矿产资源现状优势评价及资源承载力分析.长江流域资源与环境,1999,8(4):386-390.
[9]王书华,毛汉英.土地综合承载力指标体系设计及评价——中国东部沿海地区案例研究.自然资源学报,2001,16(3):248-254.
[10]姚治君,王建华,江东,陈传友.区域水资源承载力的研究进展及其理论探析.水科学进展,2002,13(1):111-115.
[11]唐剑武,叶文虎.环境承载力的本质及其定量化初步研究.中国环境科学,1998,18(3):227-230.
[12]Hui C.Carrying capacity,population equilibrium,and environment's maximal load.Ecological Modelling,2006,192(1/2):317-320.
[13]王家骥,姚小红,李京荣,常虹,王渊高.黑河流域生态承载力估测.环境科学研究,2000,13(2):44-48.
[14]李金海.区域生态承载力与可持续发展.中国人口资源与环境,2001,11(3):76-78.
[15]Wackernagel M,Rees W.Our Ecological Footprint:Reducing Human Impact on the Earth.Gabriola Island,BC,Canada:New Society Publishers,1998.
[16]赵先贵,肖玲,兰叶霞,王书转,马彩虹.陕西省生态足迹和生态承载力动态研究.中国农业科学,2005,38(4):746-753.
[17]陈乐天,王开运,邹春静,张桂莲,巩晋楠,葛振鸣.上海市崇明岛区生态承载力的空间分异.生态学杂志,2009,(4):734-739.
[18]金悦,陆兆华,檀菲菲,张萌,张红玉.典型资源型城市生态承载力评价——以唐山市为例.生态学报,2015,35(14):4852-4859.
[19]王开运.生态承载力复合模型系统与应用.北京:科学出版社,2007.
[20]邢永强,冯进城,窦明.区域生态环境承载能力理论与实践.北京:地质出版社,2007.
[21]岳东霞,杜军,刘俊艳,郭建军,张佳静,马金辉.基于RS和转移矩阵的泾河流域生态承载力时空动态评价.生态学报,2011,31(9):2550-2558.
[22]蔡海生,朱德海,张学玲,赵小敏.鄱阳湖自然保护区生态承载力.生态学报,2007,27(11):4751-4757.
[23]毛汉英,余丹林.区域承载力定量研究方法探讨.地球科学进展,2001,16(4):549-555.
[24]毛汉英,余丹林.环渤海地区区域承载力研究.地理学报,2001,56(3):363-371.
[25]余丹林,毛汉英,高群.状态空间衡量区域承载状况初探——以环渤海地区为例.地理研究,2003,22(2):201-210.
[26]熊建新,彭保发,陈端吕,王亚力,张猛.洞庭湖区生态承载力时空演化特征.地理研究,2013,32(11):2031-2040.
[27]熊建新,陈端吕,彭保发,王亚力.洞庭湖区生态承载力及系统耦合效应.经济地理,2013,33(6):155-161.
[28]熊建新,陈端吕,彭保发,邓素婷,谢雪梅.洞庭湖区生态承载力系统耦合协调度时空分异.地理科学,2014,34(9):1108-1116.
[29]胡秉民,王兆骞,吴建军,李伟光.农业生态系统结构指标体系及其量化方法研究.应用生态学报,1992,3(2):144-148.
[30]杨倩,蒙吉军,王晓东.基于多维状态空间法的漓江上游生态旅游承载力空间评价及提升策略.北京大学学报:自然科学版,2015,51(1):131-140.
[31]王富喜,毛爱华,李赫龙,贾明璐.基于熵值法的山东省城镇化质量测度及空间差异分析.地理科学,2013,33(11):1323-1329.
[32]环境保护总局.HJ/T 192-2006生态环境状况评价技术规范(试行).北京:中国环境出版社,2006.
[33]邹旭恺,任国玉,张强.基于综合气象干旱指数的中国干旱变化趋势研究.气候与环境研究,2010,15(4):371-378.
[34]喻红,曾辉,江子瀛.快速城市化地区景观组分在地形梯度上的分布特征研究.地理科学,2001,21(1):64-69.
[35]周鹏,白永平,马卫.县域交通优势度与经济潜能测度及空间格局演变研究.地域研究与开发,2015,34(5):42-46.
[36]Jenks G F.The data model concept in statistical mapping.International Yearbook of Cartography,1967,7(1):186-190.
[37]黄飞飞,张小林,余华,崔开俊.基于空间自相关的江苏省县域经济实力空间差异研究.人文地理,2009,24(2):84-89.
[38]廖重斌.环境与经济协调发展的定量评判及其分类体系——以珠江三角洲城市群为例.热带地理,1999,19(2):171-177.
[39]刘定惠,杨永春.区域经济-旅游-生态环境耦合协调度研究——以安徽省为例.长江流域资源与环境,2011,20(7):892-896.