生态环境质量评价之评价
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摘要
21世纪人类发展进入空前的阶段,对资源的掠夺和环境的破坏也达到了前所未有的程度。生态环境的恶化已成为制约人类发展的重要瓶颈,如何协调经济发展与环境保护之间的关系成为人类可持续发展面临的重大课题。客观地认识一地区生态环境质量状况及其存在的问题,科学、全面、准确地评价生态环境质量状况及其变化趋势,是该地区保护环境、制定可持续发展规划的关键。通过综述生态环境质量评价的内涵、评价指标体系建立、评价方法等方面的研究成果,指出生态环境质量评价的对象经历了从含糊到逐步清晰,评价内容从局部与单一到综合与多样化,评价指标体系从主观与表象到客观与本质,评价方法从指标化综合分析到实测性逻辑推理的发展历程;并且探讨了目前生态环境质量评价过程中存在的不足,指明未来生态环境质量评价的发展方向,旨在为建设新时代有中国特色社会主义提供借鉴。
The development of human society in the 21 st century and the destruction of ecological environment both reach an unprecedented stage.The deterioration of ecological environment has become an important bottleneck which in turn restricts the development of human society.How to coordinate human society development with ecological environment protection has become a major issue all over the world.Only with the scientific,comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the eco-environmental quality condition and its changing trend,can researchers understand the existing problems of a region objectively,exploit the natural resources reasonably,make plans for sustainable socio-economic development,and establish the countermeasure of eco-environmental protection accordingly.Aiming at posing the inadequacy of past research,suggesting the directions in the future,and providing a reference for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era,this paper reviews the concept and connotation,index system and methodology of eco-environmental quality assessment.It pointed out that the object of eco-environmental quality evaluation has evolved from vagueness to gradual clarity;the content of evaluation from singularity to comprehensiveness;the evaluation index system from subjectiveness and phenomenality to objectivity and essentiality;and the evaluation method from the comprehensive analysis to the measured logical reasoning.
The development of human society in the 21 st century and the destruction of ecological environment both reach an unprecedented stage.The deterioration of ecological environment has become an important bottleneck which in turn restricts the development of human society.How to coordinate human society development with ecological environment protection has become a major issue all over the world.Only with the scientific,comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the eco-environmental quality condition and its changing trend,can researchers understand the existing problems of a region objectively,exploit the natural resources reasonably,make plans for sustainable socio-economic development,and establish the countermeasure of eco-environmental protection accordingly.Aiming at posing the inadequacy of past research,suggesting the directions in the future,and providing a reference for the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era,this paper reviews the concept and connotation,index system and methodology of eco-environmental quality assessment.It pointed out that the object of eco-environmental quality evaluation has evolved from vagueness to gradual clarity;the content of evaluation from singularity to comprehensiveness;the evaluation index system from subjectiveness and phenomenality to objectivity and essentiality;and the evaluation method from the comprehensive analysis to the measured logical reasoning.
引文
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