非典型污秽环境下高温硫化硅橡胶的吸水性
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摘要
高温硫化硅橡胶伞裙和护套吸水、吸湿后的介质损耗发热会导致硅橡胶复合绝缘子出现局部温度升高现象,硅橡胶的吸水、吸湿受到多种因素的影响。为此利用称重法研究非典型污秽(氢氧化钠、葡萄糖和硫酸钙)溶液浸渍时无机填料特性、温度、溶液浓度和拉应变对高温硫化硅橡胶吸水性的影响,以及利用现代材料分析方法研究这些污秽溶液的浸渍对硅橡胶理化性能的影响。研究结果表明:无机填料颗粒表面的憎水性改性有助于减少硅橡胶在污秽溶液中的吸水,使拉应变加速并增加了硅橡胶在污秽溶液中的吸水,高温污秽溶液的浸渍降低了硅橡胶的活化能及其热稳定性。该研究补充了高温硫化硅橡胶在非典型污秽环境下的吸水性变化规律。
The dielectric loss heating of high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber sheds and sheaths after water and moisture absorption may lead to the occurrence of local temperature rise in a silicone rubber composite insulator. The water and moisture absorptivity of a silicone rubber may be influenced by multiple factors. Consequently, we studied the influences of inorganic filler property, temperature, solution concentration and tensile strain on the water absorptivity of the silicone rubber immersed in the aqueous solutions of atypical contaminants, including sodium hydroxide, glucose and calcium sulfate, by using the weight method, and studied the effects of the solution immersion on the physicochemical properties of silicone rubber by using modern methods for material analysis. Results indicate that the hydrophobicity treatment on an inorganic filler surface weakens the water absorption of the silicone rubber immersed in the solutions, the tensile strain accelerates and increases its water absorption, and the high-temperature solution immersion lowers its activation energy and thermostability.The variation law of water absorptivity of the high temperature vulcanized silicone rubber in the atypical contaminants was supplementarily studied.
The dielectric loss heating of high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber sheds and sheaths after water and moisture absorption may lead to the occurrence of local temperature rise in a silicone rubber composite insulator. The water and moisture absorptivity of a silicone rubber may be influenced by multiple factors. Consequently, we studied the influences of inorganic filler property, temperature, solution concentration and tensile strain on the water absorptivity of the silicone rubber immersed in the aqueous solutions of atypical contaminants, including sodium hydroxide, glucose and calcium sulfate, by using the weight method, and studied the effects of the solution immersion on the physicochemical properties of silicone rubber by using modern methods for material analysis. Results indicate that the hydrophobicity treatment on an inorganic filler surface weakens the water absorption of the silicone rubber immersed in the solutions, the tensile strain accelerates and increases its water absorption, and the high-temperature solution immersion lowers its activation energy and thermostability.The variation law of water absorptivity of the high temperature vulcanized silicone rubber in the atypical contaminants was supplementarily studied.
引文
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[20]PENG X W,MA X Q,XU Z B.Thermogravimetric analysis of co-combustion between microalgae and textile dyeing sludge[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,180:288-295.
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[22]HILLBORG H,GEDDE U W.Hydrophobicity changes in silicone rubbers[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1999,6(5):703-717.
[23]BHUSHAN B,JUNG Y C.Natural and biomimetic artificial surface for superhydrophobicity,self-cleaning,low adhesion,and drag reduction[J].Progress in Materials Science,2011,56(1):1-108.
[24]赵亚溥.表面与界面物理力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.ZHAO Yapu.Physical and mechanical properties of surface and interface[M].Beijing,China:Science Publishing,2012.
[2]WANG J F,LIANG X D,GAO Y F.Failure analysis of decay-like fracture of composite insulator[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2014,21(6):2503-2511.
[3]LUTZ B,CHENG L,GUAN Z C,et al.Analysis of a fractured 500 kVcomposite insulator-identification of aging mechanisms and their causes[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2012,19(5):1723-1731.
[4]王家福,高岩峰,梁曦东.复合绝缘子芯棒在表面微电流作用下的水解[J].高电压技术,2014,40(3):843-852.WANG Jiafu,GAO Yanfeng,LIANG Xidong.Hydrolysis of composite insulator core in condition of micro surface current[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(3):843-852.
[5]李少华,梁曦东,高岩峰,等.大直径复合绝缘子转轮法试验(二):泄漏电流沿环向分布问题[J].高电压技术,2018,44(6):1814-1821.LI Shaohua,LIANG Xidong,GAO Yanfeng,et al.Tracking wheel test for composite insulator with large diameter,part II-circumferential distribution of leakage current[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(6):1814-1821.
[6]黄道春,熊紫腾,张虎,等.污秽中Ca SO4对典型瓷、复合绝缘子交流污闪特性影响对比分析[J].高电压技术,2017,43(11):3698-3704.HUANG Daochun,XIONG Ziteng,ZHANG Hu,et al.Comparative analysis of the effect of CaSO4 in contamination on AC pollution flashover characteristics of typical porcelain insulator and composite insulator[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(11):3698-3704.
[7]魏远航,陈润华.高压输电线路复合绝缘子发热机理的研究.高电压技术,2007,33(5):25-28.WEI Yuanhang,CHEN Runhua.Research on abnormal heat of composite insulator in high voltage transmission power line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(5):25-28.
[8]TU Y P,GONG B,WANG C,et al.Effect of moisture on temperature rise of composite insulators operating in power system[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2015,22(4):2207-2213.
[9]LUTZ B,GUAN Z C,WANG L M.Artificial aging tests with defective composite insulators[C]∥International Conference on Gas Discharges and Their Applications(GD).Beijing,China:[s.n.],2012:234-237.
[10]BARRIE J A,MACHIN D.The sorption and diffusion of water in silicone rubbers,part I:unfilled rubbers[J].Journal of Macromolecular Science,Part B,1969,3(4):645-672.
[11]BARRIE J A,MACHIN D.The sorption and diffusion of water in silicone rubbers,part II:filled rubbers[J].Journal of Macromolecular Science,Part B,1969,3(4):673-692.
[12]TOKORO T,NAGAO M,KOSAKI M.Effect of water absorption on the high-field dielectric property of silicone rubber[C]∥Proceedings of International Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials.Toyohashi,Japan:[s.n.],1998:461-464.
[13]HASHIGUCHI T,ARISE N,OTSUBO M,et al.Water absorption,hydrophobicity characteristics and surface change of polymer[C]∥2000 Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena.[S.l.]:IEEE,2000:195-198.
[14]DAI J J,YAO X F,YEH H Y,et al.Moisture absorption of filled silicone rubber under electrolyte[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2006,99(5):2253-2257.
[15]ALI M,HACKAM R.Effects of saline water and temperature on surface properties of HTV silicone rubber[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2008,15(5):1368-1378.
[16]ALI M,HACKAM R.Recovery of hydrophobicity of HTV silicone rubber after accelerated aging in saline solutions[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2009,16(3):842-852.
[17]GAO Y F,WANG J F,LIANG X D,et al.Investigation on permeation properties of liquids into HTV silicone rubber materials[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2014,21(6):2428-2437.
[18]MIZUNO Y,MAEKAWA Y,NAITO K,et al.Time variation of hydrophobicity and weight of silicone rubber immersed in water[J].Transactions-Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan A,2008,117(3):299-304.
[19]KUMAGAI S,WANG X S,YOSHIMURA N.Water absorbing-drying filled silicone rubber[J].A Publication of Fundamentals and Materials Society,1998,llS-A(718):785-791.
[20]PENG X W,MA X Q,XU Z B.Thermogravimetric analysis of co-combustion between microalgae and textile dyeing sludge[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,180:288-295.
[21]DUNUWILA D D,BERGLUND K A.ATR-FTIR spectroscopy for in situ measurement of supersaturation[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,1997,179(1/2):185-193.
[22]HILLBORG H,GEDDE U W.Hydrophobicity changes in silicone rubbers[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,1999,6(5):703-717.
[23]BHUSHAN B,JUNG Y C.Natural and biomimetic artificial surface for superhydrophobicity,self-cleaning,low adhesion,and drag reduction[J].Progress in Materials Science,2011,56(1):1-108.
[24]赵亚溥.表面与界面物理力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.ZHAO Yapu.Physical and mechanical properties of surface and interface[M].Beijing,China:Science Publishing,2012.