海洋垂线偏差对海基站空间目标定位精度的影响
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摘要
在处理海基站跟踪空间目标的测量数据时,需要将瞬时站址惯导地平坐标系(垂线坐标系)转换至当地法线坐标系,这一过程需要使用当地重力垂线偏差数据。因航天远洋测量船深处远离大陆的大洋,缺少所需的垂线偏差数据,因而常将垂线坐标系当成法线坐标系使用,从而对海基站目标空间定位精度产生了影响。在发射坐标系和J2000地心惯性坐标系下,分析了考虑和不考虑垂线偏差因素的模型差异,并且对发射段、运行段等不同飞行高度的空间目标进行了定位精度仿真计算,给出了垂线偏差对空间目标定位精度影响的初步结论。结果表明,当垂线偏差横向、纵向分为10″时,空间目标定位精度的影响最大能达200 m。因此,数据处理时必须对测量数据进行海洋垂线偏差修正。
The inertial navigation horizontal coordinate system( vertical coordinate system) needs to be transformed into the local normal coordinate system in data processing of aerocraft measurement on sea base. In this progress,the local deflection vertical data is required. On the ocean away from the mainland,the deflection vertical data is lack. The vertical coordinate system is often used as the local normal coordinate system. The accuracy of object localization in aerocraft measurement on sea base is affected. In launch coordinate system and J2000 inertial system,the difference between object location model with deflection vertical and without deflection vertical is studied. The influence simulation calculation is performed for object localization model by 3 samples. The result is provided during rocket ascent and aerocraft in stage. When deflection vertical equals to 10 seconds of arc,the influence on object localization result can reach up to 200 meters. For improving aerocraft measurement accuracy on sea base,deflection vertical of aerocraft measurement data must be corrected.
The inertial navigation horizontal coordinate system( vertical coordinate system) needs to be transformed into the local normal coordinate system in data processing of aerocraft measurement on sea base. In this progress,the local deflection vertical data is required. On the ocean away from the mainland,the deflection vertical data is lack. The vertical coordinate system is often used as the local normal coordinate system. The accuracy of object localization in aerocraft measurement on sea base is affected. In launch coordinate system and J2000 inertial system,the difference between object location model with deflection vertical and without deflection vertical is studied. The influence simulation calculation is performed for object localization model by 3 samples. The result is provided during rocket ascent and aerocraft in stage. When deflection vertical equals to 10 seconds of arc,the influence on object localization result can reach up to 200 meters. For improving aerocraft measurement accuracy on sea base,deflection vertical of aerocraft measurement data must be corrected.
引文
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[4]胡淑梅,文汉江,李洪超,等.利用多种测高数据反演中国南海海域重力异常[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2011,31(4):56-59.HU Shumei,WEN Hanjiang,LI Hongchao,et al.Inversion of gravity anomalies over south China sea by use of combination of multi-satellite altimeter data[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2011,31(4):56-59.(in Chinese)
[5]柴华,王勇,王虎彪,等.GNSS/SINS组合进行惯性重力测量误差分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2011,31(6):73-78.CHAI Hua,WANG Yong,WANG Hubiao,et al.Error analysis for inertial gravimetry by use of GNSS/Sins combination[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2011,31(6):73-78.(in Chinese)
[6]王虎彪,王勇,陆洋.联合多种测高数据确定中国边缘海及全球海域的垂线偏差[J].武汉大学学报(信息科学版),2007,32(9):770-773.WANG Hubiao,WANG Yong,LU Yang.Improve deflection of the vertical in China marginal sea together with multi-altimeter data[J].Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University,2007,32(9):770-773.(in Chinese)
[7]邓凯亮,暴景阳,章传银,等.联合多代卫星测高数据建立中国近海垂线偏差模型[J].海洋测绘,2008,28(3):15-17.DENG Kailiang,FU Jingyang,ZHANG Chuanyin,et al.Determination of vertical deflection over China sea by combination of multi-satellite altimeter data[J].Hydrographic Surveying and Charting,2008,28(3):15-17.(in Chinese)
[8]茅永兴.航天器轨道确定的单位矢量法[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2009.MAO Yongxing.Unit vector method of spacecraft orbit determination[M].Beijing:National Defense Industry Press,2009.(in Chinese)
[9]李济生.人造航天器精密轨道确定[M].北京:解放军出版社,1995.LI Jisheng.Precise orbit determination of spacecraft[M].Beijing:PLA Press,1995.(in Chinese)