铁心电抗器匝间短路的空间磁场分布
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摘要
干式铁心电抗器发生轻微匝间短路时,其短路匝的循环电流可达额定电流的十几甚至几十倍,导致绕组绝缘损坏,但其相电压、电流等电气特征量变化较小,无法作为电抗器匝间保护的可靠判据。本文通过场路耦合有限元仿真分析了铁心电抗器在不同工况下的空间磁场分布,正常工况下,电抗器的漏磁场感应强度较小,空间磁场呈纵向对称分布;故障工况下,空间磁场的不对称程度随短路匝数增加而增大,轴向和径向的不同位置发生故障时空间磁场不对称度差异较大。结合分析结果,提出将电抗器空间磁场的不对称度作为匝间短路的检测判据。
In case of slight inter-turn short of dry type iron-core reactor,the circulating current of its short circuit turn can be up to ten or dozens of times,leading to insulation damage of windings.However,it’s such electrical feature variation as phase voltage and current etc is less and cannot be taken as reliable base for the inter-turn protection of reactor.In this paper,the spatial magnetic field distribution of the iron core reactor under different conditions is simulated and analyzed by the field path coupled finite element method.Under normal condition,the magnetic flux leakage induction strength is small and the spatial magnetic field shows longitudinal symmetrical distribution.In case of fault,the asymmetry of the spatial magnetic field increase with the increase of the short circuit turn number and the asymmetry difference of the spatial magnetic field in the fault at different axial and radial positions is bigger.Throughout the comprehensive analysis result,the asymmetry of the spatial magnetic files of reactor is taken as the criteria of inter-turn short circuit.
In case of slight inter-turn short of dry type iron-core reactor,the circulating current of its short circuit turn can be up to ten or dozens of times,leading to insulation damage of windings.However,it’s such electrical feature variation as phase voltage and current etc is less and cannot be taken as reliable base for the inter-turn protection of reactor.In this paper,the spatial magnetic field distribution of the iron core reactor under different conditions is simulated and analyzed by the field path coupled finite element method.Under normal condition,the magnetic flux leakage induction strength is small and the spatial magnetic field shows longitudinal symmetrical distribution.In case of fault,the asymmetry of the spatial magnetic field increase with the increase of the short circuit turn number and the asymmetry difference of the spatial magnetic field in the fault at different axial and radial positions is bigger.Throughout the comprehensive analysis result,the asymmetry of the spatial magnetic files of reactor is taken as the criteria of inter-turn short circuit.
引文
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[15]张俊杰,刘兰荣,刘东升,等.用场路耦合模拟变压器线圈部分短路故障电流的方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(20):65-70.ZHANG Junjie,LIU Lanrong,LIU Dongsheng,et al. A method of simulating the fault current using field-circuit coupling for partially short-circuited transformer winding[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(20):65-70.
[16]欧小波,汲胜昌,王春杰,等.基于“场-路”耦合有限元分析法的变压器短路电抗仿真的研究[J].高压电器,2010(3):59-63.OU Xiaobo,JI Shengchang,WANG Chunjie,et al. Simulation of transformer short-circuit reactance with FEM by coupling magnetic field with electric circuit[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2010(3):59-63.
[17]赵志刚,李光范,李金忠,等.基于有限元法的大型电力变压器抗短路能力分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(10):3214-3220.ZHAO Zhigang,LI Guangfan,LI Jinzhong,et al. Analyzing the short-cinuit withstanding ability of large power transformer based the FEM method[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(10):3214-3220.
[2]葛少杰,董万光.一起10kV干式铁心电抗器烧毁事故原因分析[J].电力电容器与无功补偿,2015,36(2):89-92.GEShaojie,DONGWanguang.Burnoutfaultanalysisof 10k V dry-type reactor[J]. Power Capacitor&Reactive Power Compensation,2015,36(2):89-92.
[3]范茜勉.电抗器匝间短路的影响及检测方法[D].郑州:华北水利水电大学,2016.
[4]杜淑文,宋春燕,祝春捷,等. 10kV空心电抗器周围工频磁场的简化计算及影响范围[J].高压电器,2006,42(3):179-182.DU Shuwen,SONG Chunyan,ZHU Chunjie,et al. Simplified calculation and coverage of power frequency magnetic field around 10kV air-core reactors[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2006,42(3):179-182.
[5]黄文武,凌云,吴玉坤,等.干式空心电抗器匝间短路故障特性的研究[J].变压器,2017,54(10):14-18.HUANG Wenwu,LING Yun,WU Yukun,et al. Research on inter-turn short circuit fault characteristics of dry-type air-core reactor[J]. Transformer,2017,54(10):14-18.
[6]汪泉弟,张艳,李永明,等.干式空心电抗器周围工频磁场分布[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(1):8-13.WANG Quandi,ZHANG Yan,LI Yongming,et al. The power frequency magnetic field distribution around drytype air-core reactor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(1):8-13.
[7]杜华珠,文习山,鲁海亮,等. 35kV三相空心电抗器组的磁场分布[J].高电压技术,2012,38(11):2858-2862.DU Huazhu,WEN Xishan,LU Hailiang,et al. Magnetic field distribution around 35kV three-phase air-core reactors[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(11):2858-2862.
[8] HAGHJOO F,MOSTAFAEI M. Flux-based method to diagnose and identify the location of turn-to-turn faults in transformers[J]. IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2016,10(4):1083-1091.
[9] HAGHJOO F,MOSTAFAEI M,MOHAMMADI H. A new leakage flux-based technique for turn-to-turn fault protection and faulty region identification in transformers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2018,33(2):671-679.
[10]HAGHJOO F,MOHAMMADI H. Planar sensors for online detection and region identification of turn-to-turn faults in transformers[J]. IEEE Sensors Journal,2017,17(17):5450-5459.
[11]CABANAS M F,GONZáLEZ F P,MELERO M G,et al. Insulation fault diagnosis in high voltage power transformers by means of leakage flux analysis[J]. 2011,114(8):211-234.
[12]邹亮,宫攀,张黎,等.干式空心电抗器空间磁场缩比试验与模型简化[J].高电压技术,2014,40(6):1675-1682.ZOU Liang,GONG Pan,ZHANG Li,et al. Small-scale experiment and model simplification of space magnetic fields around air-core reactors[J]. High Voltage Technology,2014,40(6):1675-1682.
[13]赵亮,张建军,梁东.干式带气隙铁心电抗器电感计算方法[J].高压电器,2012,48(6):61-64.ZHAO Liang,ZHANG Jianjun,LIANG Dong. Inductance calculation method for dry-type gapped-iron core reactor[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2012,48(6):61-64.
[14]鲁改凤,侯鹏飞,徐德光.基于Ansoft软件的电抗器匝间短路在线监测研究[J].电子科技大学学报,2017,46(4):554-558.LU Gaifeng,HOU Pengfei,XU Deguang. Research of online monitoring for reactor based on ansoft software[J]. Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,2017,46(4):554-558.
[15]张俊杰,刘兰荣,刘东升,等.用场路耦合模拟变压器线圈部分短路故障电流的方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(20):65-70.ZHANG Junjie,LIU Lanrong,LIU Dongsheng,et al. A method of simulating the fault current using field-circuit coupling for partially short-circuited transformer winding[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(20):65-70.
[16]欧小波,汲胜昌,王春杰,等.基于“场-路”耦合有限元分析法的变压器短路电抗仿真的研究[J].高压电器,2010(3):59-63.OU Xiaobo,JI Shengchang,WANG Chunjie,et al. Simulation of transformer short-circuit reactance with FEM by coupling magnetic field with electric circuit[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2010(3):59-63.
[17]赵志刚,李光范,李金忠,等.基于有限元法的大型电力变压器抗短路能力分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(10):3214-3220.ZHAO Zhigang,LI Guangfan,LI Jinzhong,et al. Analyzing the short-cinuit withstanding ability of large power transformer based the FEM method[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(10):3214-3220.