摘要
中等多棘神经元(medium spiny neurons,MSNs)是纹状体的主要投射神经元,其细胞膜上表达的不同类型多巴胺(dopamine,DA)受体,分别参与基底神经节直接与间接两条运动神经通路功能的调节。近年来发现,纹状体相邻MSNs之间还存在突触连接,这种突触结构对直接或间接通路的电活动产生侧抑制效应(lateral inhibition),并通过其前馈作用进一步调节基底神经节信息输出核团的兴奋性。因此,纹状体MSNs的侧抑制效应对运动的精确调节具有重要意义。本文拟从纹状体神经元构筑与侧抑制突触效应、纹状体MSNs侧抑制突触效应参与基底神经节调控的生理学机制、MSNs侧抑制效应异常与帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)等方面对纹状体MSNs侧抑制效应与基底神经节功能调控的机制进行综述。
引文
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