轻型无人机在危岩体结构面信息解译中的应用
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摘要
传统的工程地质勘查方法在高陡边坡危岩体调查中受到地形限制,很难达到一般工程地质勘查的要求,三维激光扫描技术同样因为其设备高昂和携带不便、地形受限等因素无法广泛应用。轻小型无人机利用其机动灵活、影像分辨率高的优点,近年来在地质勘查方面较为广泛应用。结合工程实例,对轻小型无人机在航摄规划、三维建模、图像解译方面的介绍,然后利用Acute 3D Viewer软件及大地坐标系到站心坐标系的转换计算原理,获取高陡边坡危岩体结构面的几何信息。计算结果表明:这种方法得到的结构面产状与实测产状误差在5(°)以内,基本满足一般工程地质勘查的要求,为高陡边坡的危岩体调查提供了一种新的方法。
The traditional method of engineering geological exploration is limited by topography in the investigation of dangerous rock mass of high and steep slopes. It is difficult to meet the requirements of general engineering geological survey. The 3 D laser scanning technology is still unable to be widely used because of its high equipment and inconvenient carrying. It is limited by topography. The use of light and small drones has the advantages of flexible mobility and high image resolution. It has been widely used in geological exploration in recent years.Combining with engineering examples,the article takes advantage of the introduction of the light-small drone in aerial photography planning,3 D modeling and image interpretation. It uses the acute 3 D viewer and the principle of conversion from the geodetic coordinate system to the station-center coordinate system to obtain structural geometry information of high-steep side slope dangerous rock masses. The calculation results show that the error of the structural surface appearance and the actual production in this method is less than 10°,and the error of dip angle is least,which meets the requirements of the general highway engineering geological survey. It provides a new idea for the investigation of the dangerous rock mass on the high and steep slopes.
The traditional method of engineering geological exploration is limited by topography in the investigation of dangerous rock mass of high and steep slopes. It is difficult to meet the requirements of general engineering geological survey. The 3 D laser scanning technology is still unable to be widely used because of its high equipment and inconvenient carrying. It is limited by topography. The use of light and small drones has the advantages of flexible mobility and high image resolution. It has been widely used in geological exploration in recent years.Combining with engineering examples,the article takes advantage of the introduction of the light-small drone in aerial photography planning,3 D modeling and image interpretation. It uses the acute 3 D viewer and the principle of conversion from the geodetic coordinate system to the station-center coordinate system to obtain structural geometry information of high-steep side slope dangerous rock masses. The calculation results show that the error of the structural surface appearance and the actual production in this method is less than 10°,and the error of dip angle is least,which meets the requirements of the general highway engineering geological survey. It provides a new idea for the investigation of the dangerous rock mass on the high and steep slopes.
引文
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[2]黄江,石豫川,吉锋,等.三维激光扫描技术在高边坡危岩体调查中的应用与讨论[J].长江科学院院报,2013,30(11):45-49.
[3]董秀军.三维空间影像技术在地质工程中的综合应用研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2015.
[4]朱生海,石灵,唐文明.矿山测绘中三维激光扫描技术的应用[J].中国锰业,2017,35(5):200-202.
[5]贾曙光,金爱兵,赵怡晴.无人机摄影测量在高陡边坡地质调查中的应用[J].岩土力学,2018,39(3):1130-1136.
[6]杨力龙.基于轻小型无人机的航空摄影测量技术在高陡边坡几何信息勘察中的应用研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2017.
[7]王华俊,邓检良,罗先启,等.基于多旋翼无人机低空摄影的公路边坡测绘研究[J].工程勘察,2017,45(12):45-49+54.
[8]李水清,张慧超,刘乳燕.无人机摄影测量半自动统计岩体结构面产状[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(26):18-22.
[9]胡瀚,王凤艳,王明常,等.数字摄影测量采集岩体结构面信息的控制测量方法[J].世界地质,2018,37(1):309-315.
[10]王凤艳,陈剑平,杨国东,等.基于数字近景摄影测量的岩体结构面几何信息解算模型[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(6):1839-1846.
[11]凌震莹.大地坐标系与站心地平直角坐标系的坐标转换[J].声学与电子工程,2009(4):31-34.
[12]孔祥元.大地测量学基础[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2001:168-173.