中国武术文化主体性困境与重构
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摘要
通过文献资料、专家访谈等,以文化主体性为切入点,对中国武术的近现代发展与变迁进行剖析,认为:体育化下的"强制性阐释"之路是造成中国武术文化主体性困境的主要原因;在这种主体隐退的发展模式下,中国武术的发展出现了空间的挤压、文化的失根、技术的异化,以及记忆的消逝等危机现象;消除文化焦虑,回归中国武术的文化主体性,必须坚持"主体性阐释"的文化发展之路,因为这是一种"内生的力量",具有较强的"可塑力"。认为修复武术文化、彰显文化身份、确立中国立场、重塑中国形象是重构中国武术文化主体性的主要路径和必然选择。
Through using the methods of literature review and expert interview etc,with the cultural subjectivity as the starting point,this paper makes deep analysis on development and change of Chinese Wushu.The result shows that compulsory interpretation is the main reason to cause the culture subjectivity dilemma of Chinese Wushu,with the result of the severe compression of living space,cultural rootlessness,alienation of techniques,and fading memory of Chinese Wushu.According to this research,Chinese Wushu must change its standpoint from compulsory interpretation into subjective interpretation,in order to get rid of the trapped developing mode.Subjective interpretation persists on its subjective self-development,accumulating experience for developing Chinese Wushu.This is an internal power,with good plasticity.Finally,it is suggested that reinforcing Wushu culture,clarifying Chinese standpoint,and reforming Chinese image are necessary for the subjective interpretation of the development of Chinese Wushu.
Through using the methods of literature review and expert interview etc,with the cultural subjectivity as the starting point,this paper makes deep analysis on development and change of Chinese Wushu.The result shows that compulsory interpretation is the main reason to cause the culture subjectivity dilemma of Chinese Wushu,with the result of the severe compression of living space,cultural rootlessness,alienation of techniques,and fading memory of Chinese Wushu.According to this research,Chinese Wushu must change its standpoint from compulsory interpretation into subjective interpretation,in order to get rid of the trapped developing mode.Subjective interpretation persists on its subjective self-development,accumulating experience for developing Chinese Wushu.This is an internal power,with good plasticity.Finally,it is suggested that reinforcing Wushu culture,clarifying Chinese standpoint,and reforming Chinese image are necessary for the subjective interpretation of the development of Chinese Wushu.
引文
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[2]付长珍.文化主体性与民族独特性:兼谈中国文化形态的当代建构[J].探索与证明,2014(10):32.
[3]金耀基.从传统到现代[M].北京:法律出版社,2010:78.
[4]艾菲.时代文化论要[M].太原:山西经济出版社,2013:11.
[5]朱贻庭.“和而不同”与“和实生物”:务“和同”而拒“专同”[J].探索与证明,2014(10):25.
[6]侯胜川,刘同为.大众文化视域下的中国武术发展研究[J].沈阳体育学院学报,2014(5):141.
[7]张长思,丁传伟,张长念.暴力意向动作编排与传统武德文化迷失:竞技武术对练套路设计思想重塑[J].天津体育学院学报,2013(3):231.
[8]罗志田.裂变中的传承:20世纪前期的中国文化与学术[M].北京:中华书局,2009:2.
[9]王岗,张大志.从“体育”走向“文化”:中国武术当代发展的必然选择[J].上海体育学院学报,2013(6):1.
[10]王岗,王柏利.中国武术发展:我是谁?依靠谁?为了谁?[J].天津体育学院学报,2014(4):319.
[11]洪浩.论中国传统武术现代化走向[J].成都体育学院学报,2012(7):45.
[12]戴国斌.武术现代化的异化研究[J].体育与科学,2004(1):8.
[13]马文国,邱丕相.文化的流失:传统武术的痛楚[J].西安体育学院学报,2006(3):78.
[14]李丽,金玉柱,杨涛,等.少林武术形象的文化危机与重塑[J].山东体育科技,2015(5):12.
[15]申国卿.2008—2012:中国武术的发展激荡与战略抉择[J].武汉体育学院学报,2013(11):59.