运用游泳水槽进行水感表型强化训练的实验研究
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摘要
目的:为游泳运动员在水槽中进行水感表型强化训练提供参考和建议。方法:将上海市14名一级男性游泳运动员随机分为两组,A组为实验组,B组为对照组。A组每周安排3次水槽中的水感训练课,B组采用常规的泳池训练,保证两组的训练量一致,实验周期为20周。运用上海市游泳水槽系统的三线运动分析系统对运动员训练前后的技术动作进行分析与诊断,运用Tritonwear游泳运动表现分析系统对运动员训练前后50 m自由泳成绩和游效指数进行分析。结果:A组与B组运动员经过一段时间的训练后,50 m自由泳成绩和游效指数都较实验前有了一定的提高;而且A组的50 m自由泳成绩和游效指数相比较B组都得到了明显的提高,实验后A组和B组队员的50 m自由泳成绩和游效指数存在显著性差异。结论:通过水槽中水感表型的多种训练方法,运动员的技术动作得到了改进,划水效果得到了提高,运动成绩也得到了提高。对水感的定量研究是我们未来的研究方向,后期还需要更加深入的研究。
Objective:To provide references and suggestions for swimmers in intensive training of water sense phenotype in flume.Methods:Fourteen first-class male swimmers in Shanghai were randomly divided into two groups,group A was the experimental group and group B was the control group.Group A is arranged three water sense training courses in the flume every week.Group B adopts routine swimming pool training to ensure the same amount of training between the two groups.The experimental period is 20 weeks.The three-line motion analysis system of Shanghai swimming flume was used to analyze and diagnose the technical movements of athletes before and after training.The performance analysis system of Tritonwear swimming was used to analyze 50 m freestyle performance and swimming efficiency index of athletes before and after training.Result:After a period of training,the performance and swimming efficiency index of 50 m Freestyle in group A and group B were improved to a certain extent,and the performance and swimming efficiency index of 50 m Freestyle in group A were improved significantly compared with those in group B.There were significant differences between the performance and swimming efficiency index of 50 m Freestyle in group A and group B after the experiment.Conclusion:Through various training methods of water sense phenotype in flume,the athletes' technical movements have been improved,the effect of stroke has been improved,and the sports performance has also been improved.Quantitative research on water sensitivity is our future research direction,and more in-depth research should be strengthened in the later stage.
Objective:To provide references and suggestions for swimmers in intensive training of water sense phenotype in flume.Methods:Fourteen first-class male swimmers in Shanghai were randomly divided into two groups,group A was the experimental group and group B was the control group.Group A is arranged three water sense training courses in the flume every week.Group B adopts routine swimming pool training to ensure the same amount of training between the two groups.The experimental period is 20 weeks.The three-line motion analysis system of Shanghai swimming flume was used to analyze and diagnose the technical movements of athletes before and after training.The performance analysis system of Tritonwear swimming was used to analyze 50 m freestyle performance and swimming efficiency index of athletes before and after training.Result:After a period of training,the performance and swimming efficiency index of 50 m Freestyle in group A and group B were improved to a certain extent,and the performance and swimming efficiency index of 50 m Freestyle in group A were improved significantly compared with those in group B.There were significant differences between the performance and swimming efficiency index of 50 m Freestyle in group A and group B after the experiment.Conclusion:Through various training methods of water sense phenotype in flume,the athletes' technical movements have been improved,the effect of stroke has been improved,and the sports performance has also been improved.Quantitative research on water sensitivity is our future research direction,and more in-depth research should be strengthened in the later stage.
引文
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[10]刘雯雯,杨志华,刘小军.游泳“水感”量化研究[J].湖北体育科技,2010,29(5):545-547.
[11]徐子雯.少年游泳运动员蝶泳强化水感训练方法初探[J].运动,2013(22):34-35+71.
[12]张明飞,程燕,章一华.我国优秀游泳运动员身体形态和水感指标研究与分析[J].中国体育科技,2006(5):85-88+100.
[13]蔡广,沈勋章.采用游效指数定量评价游泳水感探讨[J].天津体育学院学报,2009(5):24-26.
[14]廖品松.对水感定量测试中几个理论问题的探讨[J].游泳季刊,1990(4):15-19.
[2]施振豪.对游泳运动员水感若干问题的探讨[J].游泳季刊,2002(2):5-10.
[3]宋闪,尹万利.水槽中的水感练习对游泳运动员成绩的影响[C].2017年全国竞技体育科学论文报告会论文摘要汇编.北京:中国体育科学学会,2017:148-149.
[4]杨洋,刘涛.对我国游泳水感选材研究的浅思[J].游泳季刊,2011(2):26-28.
[5]宋闪,陈勤,尹万利,仰红慧.运用水槽对石峰术后技术动作的诊断分析及专项辅助训练方法的研究[J].体育科研,2014,35(1):58-61.
[6]洪俊雄.提高游泳运动员水感的练习方法初探[J].首都体育学院学报,2005,(7):17-21.
[7]吴诚,韩长军,杨勇.游泳男选手强化水感训练实验及其效应的研究[J].南京体育学院(自然科学版),2007,6(4):78-80.
[8]王建宇.游泳运动员水感若干问题的初探[J].广州体育学院学报,1995(3):49-53.
[9]冯蕾蕾.多样划水练习对提高少儿游泳运动员水感的作用[J].安徽体育科技,2005,(4):61-63.
[10]刘雯雯,杨志华,刘小军.游泳“水感”量化研究[J].湖北体育科技,2010,29(5):545-547.
[11]徐子雯.少年游泳运动员蝶泳强化水感训练方法初探[J].运动,2013(22):34-35+71.
[12]张明飞,程燕,章一华.我国优秀游泳运动员身体形态和水感指标研究与分析[J].中国体育科技,2006(5):85-88+100.
[13]蔡广,沈勋章.采用游效指数定量评价游泳水感探讨[J].天津体育学院学报,2009(5):24-26.
[14]廖品松.对水感定量测试中几个理论问题的探讨[J].游泳季刊,1990(4):15-19.