刀具破岩声发射能量理论分析及数值模拟
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摘要
根据刀具破岩过程中声发射的产生与应力场存在的耦合关系,从细观上分析了声发射能量与应力之间的关系,确定了刀具静力侵入岩石破碎时声发射能量的关系式;应用岩石破裂分析软件RFPA~(2D)进行刀具破岩声发射数值实验。结果表明:刀具静力侵入单位体积岩石破碎释放的声发射能量与加载速率、岩石抗压强度、岩石弹性模量、刀具形状以及刀具与岩石的摩擦系数等有关;随加载速率增加(一定范围内),两种刀具破岩释放声发射累积能量急剧增加,随后声发射累积能量增加缓慢;十字型刀具破碎岩石单元和声发射累积能量均大于一字型刀具,且破碎岩石所需时间减小;适当增大加载速率可以提高刀具破岩效果。
During rock breaking by tools,there is the coupling relationship between acoustic emission generation and stress field.Then,the relationship between acoustic emission energy and stress was analyzed in mesoscopic,and the acoustic emission energy formula was determined,when the tool broke rocks by static force.The acoustic emission numerical simulation experiments of rock breaking by tools were carried out by rock breaking analysis software RFPA2D.The results showed that when the tool broke rocks by static force,the acoustic emission energy released by per unit rock was related to the loading rate,rock compressive strength,rock elastic modulus,shape of the tools,the friction coefficient between the tool and the rock and so on.With the increase of loading rate around a certain range,the cumulative energy of acoustic emission released by two kinds of tools to break rock was increased sharply,and then grew slowly.The cumulative energy of acoustic emission and the number of rock by cross tools were more than those by type-cutting tools,and the time of rock breaking by cross tools reduced.Increasing the loading rate around a certain range could improve the rock breaking effect by tools.
During rock breaking by tools,there is the coupling relationship between acoustic emission generation and stress field.Then,the relationship between acoustic emission energy and stress was analyzed in mesoscopic,and the acoustic emission energy formula was determined,when the tool broke rocks by static force.The acoustic emission numerical simulation experiments of rock breaking by tools were carried out by rock breaking analysis software RFPA2D.The results showed that when the tool broke rocks by static force,the acoustic emission energy released by per unit rock was related to the loading rate,rock compressive strength,rock elastic modulus,shape of the tools,the friction coefficient between the tool and the rock and so on.With the increase of loading rate around a certain range,the cumulative energy of acoustic emission released by two kinds of tools to break rock was increased sharply,and then grew slowly.The cumulative energy of acoustic emission and the number of rock by cross tools were more than those by type-cutting tools,and the time of rock breaking by cross tools reduced.Increasing the loading rate around a certain range could improve the rock breaking effect by tools.
引文
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[3]宋义敏,邢同振,赵同彬,等.岩石单轴压缩变形场演化的声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017(03):534-542.
[4]王晓军,肖伟晶,陈辰,等.基于声发射参量的不同深度灰岩塑性破坏识别研究[J].实验力学,2017(01):107-112.
[4]宿辉,李长洪.不同围压条件下花岗岩压缩破坏声发射特征细观数值模拟[J].北京科技大学学报,2011,33(11):1312-1318.
[5]Tham L G,Liu H,Tang C A,et al.On Tension Failure of 2-D Rock Specimens and Associated Acoustic Emission[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2005,38(1):1-19.
[6]赵伏军,王宏宇,彭云,等.动静组合载荷破岩声发射能量与破岩效果实验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(07):1363-1368.
[7]梁鹏,张艳博,等.岩石破裂过程声发射和红外辐射特性及相关性实验研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2015(03):57-60.
[8]潘懿,唐绍辉,文兴,等.单轴压缩条件下岩石损伤过程的声发射实验研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2011(06):56-59.
[9]周瑜,吴顺川,许学良,等.岩石破裂过程中声发射特性的颗粒流分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(5):951-959.
[10]丛宇,冯夏庭,郑颖人,等.不同应力路径大理岩声发射破坏前兆的试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2016,38(7):1193-1201.
[11]刘亚运,苗胜军,魏晓,等.三轴循环加卸载下花岗岩损伤的声发射特征及能量机制演化[J].矿业研究与开发,2016(06):68-72.
[12]秦四清,李造鼎,姚宝魁,等.岩石声发射的力学模型及其应用[J].应用声学,1992,11(1):1-4.
[13]秦四清,李造鼎,林韵梅.岩石破裂的微观过程与声发射[J].东北工学院学报,1991,12(3):247-253.
[14]王人杰,蒋荣庆,韩军智,等.液动冲击回转钻探[M].北京:地质出版社,1988.
[15]Q.Sano,I.Ito,M.Terada,Influence of Strain Rate on Dilatancy and strength of Oshirka Gronit Under Uniaxial Compression[J].Geophus.Res.1981,86(10):9299-9311.