动静载荷下岩石声发射特性试验
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摘要
利用RMT-150C静载岩石力学试验系统和SPHB冲击试验系统,分别对花岗岩、大理岩和白砂岩进行了单轴压缩试验和冲击试验.试验过程中,检测声发射(AE)信号,得到了3种岩石试样在静载和动载下的声发射能量特征参量.结果表明:静载加载方式下岩石声发射行为演化过程大致相似,可划分为Ⅰ平静期、Ⅱ提速期、Ⅲ加速期以及Ⅳ峰值期;而动载作用下可划分为Ⅰ能量积聚时期和Ⅱ能量释放时期;静载作用下,岩样的提速期的能量是平静期的能量的17倍、6倍、4倍,加速期的能量较之提速期又提高了4.7倍、3.2倍、2.1倍;静载作用下的平静期和动载下的前期都是为岩石破坏积聚能量.
The conventional uniaxial compression test and impact test on granite, marble and white sandstone are carried out by using RMT-150 C static rock mechanics test system and SPHB impact test system.The acoustic emission( AE) signals are detected at the same time. In addition,the acoustic emission energy parameters of three kinds of rock samples under static load and dynamic load are obtained. Results show that the evolution process of the acoustic emission behavior of rock under the same loading method is similar. The static load can be divided into four periods,i. e. stationary period,speed up period,acceleration period,and peak period. The impact load can be divided into two periods,namely energy accumulation period and energy release period. The energy of the speed up period is respectively 17 times,6 times and 4 times of the energy of the stationary period,while the energy of the acceleration period is respectively 4.7 times,3.2 times and 2.1 times of the energy of the speed up period under static load. The stationary period under static load and the early stage of impact load are the accumulation of energy for rock damage.
The conventional uniaxial compression test and impact test on granite, marble and white sandstone are carried out by using RMT-150 C static rock mechanics test system and SPHB impact test system.The acoustic emission( AE) signals are detected at the same time. In addition,the acoustic emission energy parameters of three kinds of rock samples under static load and dynamic load are obtained. Results show that the evolution process of the acoustic emission behavior of rock under the same loading method is similar. The static load can be divided into four periods,i. e. stationary period,speed up period,acceleration period,and peak period. The impact load can be divided into two periods,namely energy accumulation period and energy release period. The energy of the speed up period is respectively 17 times,6 times and 4 times of the energy of the stationary period,while the energy of the acceleration period is respectively 4.7 times,3.2 times and 2.1 times of the energy of the speed up period under static load. The stationary period under static load and the early stage of impact load are the accumulation of energy for rock damage.
引文
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[2]陈颙.声发射技术在岩石力学研究中的应用[J].地球物理学报,1977,20(4):312-322.
[3]文圣勇,韩立军,宋义江,等.不同含水率红砂岩单轴压缩试验声发射特征研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(8):46-48.
[4]左建平,裴建良,刘建锋,等.煤岩体破裂过程中声发射行为及时空演化机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(8):1564-1570.
[5]任松,白月明,姜德义,等.周期荷载作用下盐岩声发射特征试验研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(6):1613-1620.
[6]纪洪广,王基才,单晓云,等.混凝土材料声发射过程分形特征及其在断裂分析中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2001,20(6):801-804.
[7]秦四清,李造鼎,张倬元,等.岩石声发射技术概论[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1993:57-78.
[8]赵毅鑫,姜耀东,祝捷,等.煤岩组合体变形破坏前兆信息的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(2):339-346.
[9]刘希灵,李夕兵,宫凤强,等.露天开采台阶面下伏空区安全隔离层厚度及声发射监测[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(s1):3357-3362.
[10]李庶林,尹贤刚,王泳嘉,等.单轴受压岩石破坏全过程声发射特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(15):2499-2503.
[11]饶蒙,刘希灵,潘梦成,等.动静载荷下岩石声发射特性的对比研究[J].世界科技研究与发展,2016,38(4):783-787.
[12]孟磊,王宏伟.含瓦斯煤破裂过程中声发射行为特性的研究[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):377-383.